hello-algo/codes/ruby/chapter_hashing/hash_map_chaining.rb
khoaxuantu be9931c8a1
feat: Add Ruby code - chapter "Hashing" (#1276)
* feat: add ruby code - chapter hashing

* feat: add ruby code blocks - chapter hashing

* fix: comments
2024-04-15 16:20:26 +08:00

128 lines
2.9 KiB
Ruby

=begin
File: hash_map_chaining.rb
Created Time: 2024-04-13
Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
=end
require_relative './array_hash_map'
### 键式地址哈希表 ###
class HashMapChaining
### 构造方法 ###
def initialize
@size = 0 # 键值对数量
@capacity = 4 # 哈希表容量
@load_thres = 2.0 / 3.0 # 触发扩容的负载因子阈值
@extend_ratio = 2 # 扩容倍数
@buckets = Array.new(@capacity) { [] } # 桶数组
end
### 哈希函数 ###
def hash_func(key)
key % @capacity
end
### 负载因子 ###
def load_factor
@size / @capacity
end
### 查询操作 ###
def get(key)
index = hash_func(key)
bucket = @buckets[index]
# 遍历桶,若找到 key ,则返回对应 val
for pair in bucket
return pair.val if pair.key == key
end
# 若未找到 key , 则返回 nil
nil
end
### 添加操作 ###
def put(key, val)
# 当负载因子超过阈值时,执行扩容
extend if load_factor > @load_thres
index = hash_func(key)
bucket = @buckets[index]
# 遍历桶,若遇到指定 key ,则更新对应 val 并返回
for pair in bucket
if pair.key == key
pair.val = val
return
end
end
# 若无该 key ,则将键值对添加至尾部
pair = Pair.new(key, val)
bucket << pair
@size += 1
end
### 删除操作 ###
def remove(key)
index = hash_func(key)
bucket = @buckets[index]
# 遍历桶,从中删除键值对
for pair in bucket
if pair.key == key
bucket.delete(pair)
@size -= 1
break
end
end
end
### 扩容哈希表 ###
def extend
# 暫存原哈希表
buckets = @buckets
# 初始化扩容后的新哈希表
@capacity *= @extend_ratio
@buckets = Array.new(@capacity) { [] }
@size = 0
# 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表
for bucket in buckets
for pair in bucket
put(pair.key, pair.val)
end
end
end
### 打印哈希表 ###
def print
for bucket in @buckets
res = []
for pair in bucket
res << "#{pair.key} -> #{pair.val}"
end
pp res
end
end
end
### Driver Code ###
if __FILE__ == $0
### 初始化哈希表
hashmap = HashMapChaining.new
# 添加操作
# 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
hashmap.put(12836, "小哈")
hashmap.put(15937, "小啰")
hashmap.put(16750, "小算")
hashmap.put(13276, "小法")
hashmap.put(10583, "小鸭")
puts "\n添加完成后,哈希表为\n[Key1 -> Value1, Key2 -> Value2, ...]"
hashmap.print
# 查询操作
# 向哈希表中输入键 key ,得到值 value
name = hashmap.get(13276)
puts "\n输入学号 13276 ,查询到姓名 #{name}"
# 删除操作
# 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
hashmap.remove(12836)
puts "\n删除 12836 后,哈希表为\n[Key1 -> Value1, Key2 -> Value2, ...]"
hashmap.print
end