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https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
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feat: Add Ruby code - chapter "Hashing" (#1276)
* feat: add ruby code - chapter hashing * feat: add ruby code blocks - chapter hashing * fix: comments
This commit is contained in:
parent
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be9931c8a1
9 changed files with 618 additions and 30 deletions
121
codes/ruby/chapter_hashing/array_hash_map.rb
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121
codes/ruby/chapter_hashing/array_hash_map.rb
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=begin
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File: array_hash_map.rb
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Created Time: 2024-04-13
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Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
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=end
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### 键值对 ###
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class Pair
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attr_accessor :key, :val
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def initialize(key, val)
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@key = key
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@val = val
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end
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end
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### 基于数组实现的哈希表 ###
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class ArrayHashMap
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### 构造方法 ###
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def initialize
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# 初始化数组,包含 100 个桶
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@buckets = Array.new(100)
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end
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### 哈希函数 ###
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def hash_func(key)
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index = key % 100
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end
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### 查询操作 ###
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def get(key)
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index = hash_func(key)
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pair = @buckets[index]
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return if pair.nil?
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pair.val
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end
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### 添加操作 ###
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def put(key, val)
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pair = Pair.new(key, val)
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index = hash_func(key)
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@buckets[index] = pair
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end
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### 删除操作 ###
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def remove(key)
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index = hash_func(key)
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# 置为 nil ,代表删除
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@buckets[index] = nil
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end
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### 获取所有键值对 ###
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def entry_set
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result = []
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@buckets.each { |pair| result << pair unless pair.nil? }
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result
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end
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### 获取所有键 ###
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def key_set
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result = []
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@buckets.each { |pair| result << pair.key unless pair.nil? }
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result
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end
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### 获取所有值 ###
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def value_set
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result = []
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@buckets.each { |pair| result << pair.val unless pair.nil? }
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result
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end
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### 打印哈希表 ###
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def print
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@buckets.each { |pair| puts "#{pair.key} -> #{pair.val}" unless pair.nil? }
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end
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end
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### Driver Code ###
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if __FILE__ == $0
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# 初始化哈希表
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hmap = ArrayHashMap.new
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# 添加操作
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# 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
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hmap.put(12836, "小哈")
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hmap.put(15937, "小啰")
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hmap.put(16750, "小算")
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hmap.put(13276, "小法")
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hmap.put(10583, "小鸭")
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puts "\n添加完成后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value"
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hmap.print
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# 查询操作
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# 向哈希表中输入键 key , 得到值 value
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name = hmap.get(15937)
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puts "\n输入学号 15937 ,查询到姓名 #{name}"
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# 删除操作
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# 在哈希表中删除值对 (key, value)
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hmap.remove(10583)
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puts "\n删除 10583 后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value"
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hmap.print
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# 遍历哈希表
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puts "\n遍历键值对 Key->Value"
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for pair in hmap.entry_set
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puts "#{pair.key} -> #{pair.val}"
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end
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puts "\n单独篇遍历键 Key"
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for key in hmap.key_set
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puts key
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end
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puts "\n单独遍历值 Value"
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for val in hmap.value_set
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puts val
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end
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end
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34
codes/ruby/chapter_hashing/built_in_hash.rb
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34
codes/ruby/chapter_hashing/built_in_hash.rb
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=begin
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File: built_in_hash.rb
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Created Time: 2024-04-13
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Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
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=end
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require_relative '../utils/list_node'
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### Driver Code ###
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if __FILE__ == $0
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num = 3
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hash_num = num.hash
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puts "整数 #{num} 的哈希值为 #{hash_num}"
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bol = true
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hash_bol = bol.hash
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puts "布尔量 #{bol} 的哈希值为 #{hash_bol}"
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dec = 3.14159
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hash_dec = dec.hash
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puts "小数 #{dec} 的哈希值为 #{hash_dec}"
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str = "Hello 算法"
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hash_str = str.hash
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puts "字符串 #{str} 的哈希值为 #{hash_str}"
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tup = [12836, '小哈']
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hash_tup = tup.hash
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puts "元组 #{tup} 的哈希值为 #{hash_tup}"
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obj = ListNode.new(0)
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hash_obj = obj.hash
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puts "节点对象 #{obj} 的哈希值为 #{hash_obj}"
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end
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44
codes/ruby/chapter_hashing/hash_map.rb
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44
codes/ruby/chapter_hashing/hash_map.rb
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@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
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=begin
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File: hash_map.rb
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Created Time: 2024-04-14
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Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
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=end
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require_relative '../utils/print_util'
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### Driver Code ###
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if __FILE__ == $0
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# 初始化哈希表
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hmap = {}
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# 添加操作
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# 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
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hmap[12836] = "小哈"
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hmap[15937] = "小啰"
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hmap[16750] = "小算"
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hmap[13276] = "小法"
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hmap[10583] = "小鸭"
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puts "\n添加完成后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value"
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print_hash_map(hmap)
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# 查询操作
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# 向哈希表中输入键 key ,得到值 value
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name = hmap[15937]
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puts "\n输入学号 15937 ,查询到姓名 #{name}"
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# 删除操作
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# 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
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hmap.delete(10583)
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puts "\n删除 10583 后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value"
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print_hash_map(hmap)
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# 遍历哈希表
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puts "\n遍历键值对 Key->Value"
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hmap.entries.each { |key, value| puts "#{key} -> #{value}" }
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puts "\n单独遍历键 Key"
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hmap.keys.each { |key| puts key }
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puts "\n单独遍历值 Value"
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hmap.values.each { |val| puts val }
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end
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128
codes/ruby/chapter_hashing/hash_map_chaining.rb
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128
codes/ruby/chapter_hashing/hash_map_chaining.rb
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=begin
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File: hash_map_chaining.rb
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Created Time: 2024-04-13
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Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
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=end
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require_relative './array_hash_map'
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### 键式地址哈希表 ###
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class HashMapChaining
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### 构造方法 ###
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def initialize
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@size = 0 # 键值对数量
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@capacity = 4 # 哈希表容量
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@load_thres = 2.0 / 3.0 # 触发扩容的负载因子阈值
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@extend_ratio = 2 # 扩容倍数
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@buckets = Array.new(@capacity) { [] } # 桶数组
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end
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### 哈希函数 ###
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def hash_func(key)
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key % @capacity
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end
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### 负载因子 ###
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def load_factor
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@size / @capacity
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end
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### 查询操作 ###
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def get(key)
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index = hash_func(key)
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bucket = @buckets[index]
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# 遍历桶,若找到 key ,则返回对应 val
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for pair in bucket
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return pair.val if pair.key == key
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end
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# 若未找到 key , 则返回 nil
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nil
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end
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### 添加操作 ###
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def put(key, val)
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# 当负载因子超过阈值时,执行扩容
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extend if load_factor > @load_thres
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index = hash_func(key)
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bucket = @buckets[index]
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# 遍历桶,若遇到指定 key ,则更新对应 val 并返回
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for pair in bucket
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if pair.key == key
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pair.val = val
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return
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end
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end
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# 若无该 key ,则将键值对添加至尾部
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pair = Pair.new(key, val)
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bucket << pair
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@size += 1
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end
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### 删除操作 ###
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def remove(key)
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index = hash_func(key)
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bucket = @buckets[index]
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# 遍历桶,从中删除键值对
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for pair in bucket
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if pair.key == key
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bucket.delete(pair)
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@size -= 1
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break
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end
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end
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end
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### 扩容哈希表 ###
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def extend
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# 暫存原哈希表
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buckets = @buckets
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# 初始化扩容后的新哈希表
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@capacity *= @extend_ratio
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@buckets = Array.new(@capacity) { [] }
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@size = 0
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# 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表
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for bucket in buckets
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for pair in bucket
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put(pair.key, pair.val)
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end
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end
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end
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### 打印哈希表 ###
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def print
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for bucket in @buckets
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res = []
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for pair in bucket
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res << "#{pair.key} -> #{pair.val}"
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end
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pp res
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end
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end
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end
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### Driver Code ###
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if __FILE__ == $0
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### 初始化哈希表
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hashmap = HashMapChaining.new
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# 添加操作
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# 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
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hashmap.put(12836, "小哈")
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hashmap.put(15937, "小啰")
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hashmap.put(16750, "小算")
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hashmap.put(13276, "小法")
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hashmap.put(10583, "小鸭")
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puts "\n添加完成后,哈希表为\n[Key1 -> Value1, Key2 -> Value2, ...]"
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hashmap.print
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# 查询操作
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# 向哈希表中输入键 key ,得到值 value
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name = hashmap.get(13276)
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puts "\n输入学号 13276 ,查询到姓名 #{name}"
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# 删除操作
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# 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
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hashmap.remove(12836)
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puts "\n删除 12836 后,哈希表为\n[Key1 -> Value1, Key2 -> Value2, ...]"
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hashmap.print
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end
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147
codes/ruby/chapter_hashing/hash_map_open_addressing.rb
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147
codes/ruby/chapter_hashing/hash_map_open_addressing.rb
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=begin
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File: hash_map_open_addressing.rb
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Created Time: 2024-04-13
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Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
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=end
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require_relative './array_hash_map'
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### 开放寻址哈希表 ###
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class HashMapOpenAddressing
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TOMBSTONE = Pair.new(-1, '-1') # 删除标记
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### 构造方法 ###
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def initialize
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@size = 0 # 键值对数量
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@capacity = 4 # 哈希表容量
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@load_thres = 2.0 / 3.0 # 触发扩容的负载因子阈值
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@extend_ratio = 2 # 扩容倍数
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@buckets = Array.new(@capacity) # 桶数组
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end
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### 哈希函数 ###
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def hash_func(key)
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key % @capacity
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end
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### 负载因子 ###
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def load_factor
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@size / @capacity
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end
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### 搜索 key 对应的桶索引 ###
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def find_bucket(key)
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index = hash_func(key)
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first_tombstone = -1
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# 线性探测,当遇到空桶时跳出
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while !@buckets[index].nil?
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# 若遇到 key ,返回对应的桶索引
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if @buckets[index].key == key
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# 若之前遇到了删除标记,则将键值对移动至该索引处
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if first_tombstone != -1
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@buckets[first_tombstone] = @buckets[index]
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@buckets[index] = TOMBSTONE
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return first_tombstone # 返回移动后的桶索引
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end
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return index # 返回桶索引
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end
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# 记录遇到的首个删除标记
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first_tombstone = index if first_tombstone == -1 && @buckets[index] == TOMBSTONE
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# 计算桶索引,越过尾部则返回头部
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index = (index + 1) % @capacity
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end
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# 若 key 不存在,则返回添加点的索引
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first_tombstone == -1 ? index : first_tombstone
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end
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### 查询操作 ###
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def get(key)
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# 搜索 key 对应的桶索引
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index = find_bucket(key)
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# 若找到键值对,则返回对应 val
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return @buckets[index].val unless [nil, TOMBSTONE].include?(@buckets[index])
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# 若键值对不存在,则返回 nil
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nil
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end
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### 添加操作 ###
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def put(key, val)
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# 当负载因子超过阈值时,执行扩容
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extend if load_factor > @load_thres
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# 搜索 key 对应的桶索引
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index = find_bucket(key)
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# 若找到键值对,则覆盖 val 开返回
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unless [nil, TOMBSTONE].include?(@buckets[index])
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@buckets[index].val = val
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return
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end
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# 若键值对不存在,则添加该键值对
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@buckets[index] = Pair.new(key, val)
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@size += 1
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end
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### 删除操作 ###
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def remove(key)
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# 搜索 key 对应的桶索引
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index = find_bucket(key)
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# 若找到键值对,则用删除标记覆盖它
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unless [nil, TOMBSTONE].include?(@buckets[index])
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@buckets[index] = TOMBSTONE
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@size -= 1
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end
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end
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### 扩容哈希表 ###
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def extend
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# 暂存原哈希表
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buckets_tmp = @buckets
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# 初始化扩容后的新哈希表
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@capacity *= @extend_ratio
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@buckets = Array.new(@capacity)
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@size = 0
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# 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表
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for pair in buckets_tmp
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put(pair.key, pair.val) unless [nil, TOMBSTONE].include?(pair)
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end
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end
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### 打印哈希表 ###
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def print
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for pair in @buckets
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if pair.nil?
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puts "Nil"
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elsif pair == TOMBSTONE
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puts "TOMBSTONE"
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else
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puts "#{pair.key} -> #{pair.val}"
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end
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end
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end
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end
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### Driver Code ###
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if __FILE__ == $0
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# 初始化哈希表
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hashmap = HashMapOpenAddressing.new
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||||
# 添加操作
|
||||
# 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, val)
|
||||
hashmap.put(12836, "小哈")
|
||||
hashmap.put(15937, "小啰")
|
||||
hashmap.put(16750, "小算")
|
||||
hashmap.put(13276, "小法")
|
||||
hashmap.put(10583, "小鸭")
|
||||
puts "\n添加完成后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value"
|
||||
hashmap.print
|
||||
|
||||
# 查询操作
|
||||
# 向哈希表中输入键 key ,得到值 val
|
||||
name = hashmap.get(13276)
|
||||
puts "\n输入学号 13276 ,查询到姓名 #{name}"
|
||||
|
||||
# 删除操作
|
||||
# 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, val)
|
||||
hashmap.remove(16750)
|
||||
puts "\n删除 16750 后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value"
|
||||
hashmap.print
|
||||
end
|
62
codes/ruby/chapter_hashing/simple_hash.rb
Normal file
62
codes/ruby/chapter_hashing/simple_hash.rb
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
|
|||
=begin
|
||||
File: simple_hash.rb
|
||||
Created Time: 2024-04-14
|
||||
Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
|
||||
=end
|
||||
|
||||
### 加法哈希 ###
|
||||
def add_hash(key)
|
||||
hash = 0
|
||||
modulus = 1_000_000_007
|
||||
|
||||
key.each_char { |c| hash += c.ord }
|
||||
|
||||
hash % modulus
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 乘法哈希 ###
|
||||
def mul_hash(key)
|
||||
hash = 0
|
||||
modulus = 1_000_000_007
|
||||
|
||||
key.each_char { |c| hash = 31 * hash + c.ord }
|
||||
|
||||
hash % modulus
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 异或哈希 ###
|
||||
def xor_hash(key)
|
||||
hash = 0
|
||||
modulus = 1_000_000_007
|
||||
|
||||
key.each_char { |c| hash ^= c.ord }
|
||||
|
||||
hash % modulus
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 旋转哈希 ###
|
||||
def rot_hash(key)
|
||||
hash = 0
|
||||
modulus = 1_000_000_007
|
||||
|
||||
key.each_char { |c| hash = (hash << 4) ^ (hash >> 28) ^ c.ord }
|
||||
|
||||
hash % modulus
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### Driver Code ###
|
||||
if __FILE__ == $0
|
||||
key = "Hello 算法"
|
||||
|
||||
hash = add_hash(key)
|
||||
puts "加法哈希值为 #{hash}"
|
||||
|
||||
hash = mul_hash(key)
|
||||
puts "乘法哈希值为 #{hash}"
|
||||
|
||||
hash = xor_hash(key)
|
||||
puts "异或哈希值为 #{hash}"
|
||||
|
||||
hash = rot_hash(key)
|
||||
puts "旋转哈希值为 #{hash}"
|
||||
end
|
|
@ -56,3 +56,8 @@ def print_tree(root, prev=nil, is_right=false)
|
|||
trunk.str = " |"
|
||||
print_tree(root.left, trunk, false)
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 打印哈希表 ###
|
||||
def print_hash_map(hmap)
|
||||
hmap.entries.each { |key, value| puts "#{key} -> #{value}" }
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ $$
|
|||
```rust title="built_in_hash.rs"
|
||||
use std::collections::hash_map::DefaultHasher;
|
||||
use std::hash::{Hash, Hasher};
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
let num = 3;
|
||||
let mut num_hasher = DefaultHasher::new();
|
||||
num.hash(&mut num_hasher);
|
||||
|
@ -374,7 +374,29 @@ $$
|
|||
=== "Ruby"
|
||||
|
||||
```ruby title="built_in_hash.rb"
|
||||
num = 3
|
||||
hash_num = num.hash
|
||||
# 整数 3 的哈希值为 -4385856518450339636
|
||||
|
||||
bol = true
|
||||
hash_bol = bol.hash
|
||||
# 布尔量 true 的哈希值为 -1617938112149317027
|
||||
|
||||
dec = 3.14159
|
||||
hash_dec = dec.hash
|
||||
# 小数 3.14159 的哈希值为 -1479186995943067893
|
||||
|
||||
str = "Hello 算法"
|
||||
hash_str = str.hash
|
||||
# 字符串“Hello 算法”的哈希值为 -4075943250025831763
|
||||
|
||||
tup = [12836, '小哈']
|
||||
hash_tup = tup.hash
|
||||
# 元组 (12836, '小哈') 的哈希值为 1999544809202288822
|
||||
|
||||
obj = ListNode.new(0)
|
||||
hash_obj = obj.hash
|
||||
# 节点对象 #<ListNode:0x000078133140ab70> 的哈希值为 4302940560806366381
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
=== "Zig"
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
|
|||
```python title="hash_map.py"
|
||||
# 初始化哈希表
|
||||
hmap: dict = {}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# 添加操作
|
||||
# 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
|
||||
hmap[12836] = "小哈"
|
||||
|
@ -39,11 +39,11 @@
|
|||
hmap[16750] = "小算"
|
||||
hmap[13276] = "小法"
|
||||
hmap[10583] = "小鸭"
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# 查询操作
|
||||
# 向哈希表中输入键 key ,得到值 value
|
||||
name: str = hmap[15937]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# 删除操作
|
||||
# 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
|
||||
hmap.pop(10583)
|
||||
|
@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
|
|||
```cpp title="hash_map.cpp"
|
||||
/* 初始化哈希表 */
|
||||
unordered_map<int, string> map;
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/* 添加操作 */
|
||||
// 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
|
||||
map[12836] = "小哈";
|
||||
|
@ -62,11 +62,11 @@
|
|||
map[16750] = "小算";
|
||||
map[13276] = "小法";
|
||||
map[10583] = "小鸭";
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/* 查询操作 */
|
||||
// 向哈希表中输入键 key ,得到值 value
|
||||
string name = map[15937];
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/* 删除操作 */
|
||||
// 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
|
||||
map.erase(10583);
|
||||
|
@ -77,19 +77,19 @@
|
|||
```java title="hash_map.java"
|
||||
/* 初始化哈希表 */
|
||||
Map<Integer, String> map = new HashMap<>();
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/* 添加操作 */
|
||||
// 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
|
||||
map.put(12836, "小哈");
|
||||
map.put(15937, "小啰");
|
||||
map.put(16750, "小算");
|
||||
map.put(12836, "小哈");
|
||||
map.put(15937, "小啰");
|
||||
map.put(16750, "小算");
|
||||
map.put(13276, "小法");
|
||||
map.put(10583, "小鸭");
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/* 查询操作 */
|
||||
// 向哈希表中输入键 key ,得到值 value
|
||||
String name = map.get(15937);
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/* 删除操作 */
|
||||
// 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
|
||||
map.remove(10583);
|
||||
|
@ -108,11 +108,11 @@
|
|||
{ 13276, "小法" },
|
||||
{ 10583, "小鸭" }
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/* 查询操作 */
|
||||
// 向哈希表中输入键 key ,得到值 value
|
||||
string name = map[15937];
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/* 删除操作 */
|
||||
// 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
|
||||
map.Remove(10583);
|
||||
|
@ -123,7 +123,7 @@
|
|||
```go title="hash_map_test.go"
|
||||
/* 初始化哈希表 */
|
||||
hmap := make(map[int]string)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/* 添加操作 */
|
||||
// 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
|
||||
hmap[12836] = "小哈"
|
||||
|
@ -131,11 +131,11 @@
|
|||
hmap[16750] = "小算"
|
||||
hmap[13276] = "小法"
|
||||
hmap[10583] = "小鸭"
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/* 查询操作 */
|
||||
// 向哈希表中输入键 key ,得到值 value
|
||||
name := hmap[15937]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/* 删除操作 */
|
||||
// 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
|
||||
delete(hmap, 10583)
|
||||
|
@ -146,7 +146,7 @@
|
|||
```swift title="hash_map.swift"
|
||||
/* 初始化哈希表 */
|
||||
var map: [Int: String] = [:]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/* 添加操作 */
|
||||
// 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
|
||||
map[12836] = "小哈"
|
||||
|
@ -154,11 +154,11 @@
|
|||
map[16750] = "小算"
|
||||
map[13276] = "小法"
|
||||
map[10583] = "小鸭"
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/* 查询操作 */
|
||||
// 向哈希表中输入键 key ,得到值 value
|
||||
let name = map[15937]!
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/* 删除操作 */
|
||||
// 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
|
||||
map.removeValue(forKey: 10583)
|
||||
|
@ -176,11 +176,11 @@
|
|||
map.set(16750, '小算');
|
||||
map.set(13276, '小法');
|
||||
map.set(10583, '小鸭');
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/* 查询操作 */
|
||||
// 向哈希表中输入键 key ,得到值 value
|
||||
let name = map.get(15937);
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/* 删除操作 */
|
||||
// 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
|
||||
map.delete(10583);
|
||||
|
@ -200,12 +200,12 @@
|
|||
map.set(10583, '小鸭');
|
||||
console.info('\n添加完成后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value');
|
||||
console.info(map);
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/* 查询操作 */
|
||||
// 向哈希表中输入键 key ,得到值 value
|
||||
let name = map.get(15937);
|
||||
console.info('\n输入学号 15937 ,查询到姓名 ' + name);
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/* 删除操作 */
|
||||
// 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
|
||||
map.delete(10583);
|
||||
|
@ -240,7 +240,7 @@
|
|||
|
||||
```rust title="hash_map.rs"
|
||||
use std::collections::HashMap;
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/* 初始化哈希表 */
|
||||
let mut map: HashMap<i32, String> = HashMap::new();
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -272,7 +272,7 @@
|
|||
```kotlin title="hash_map.kt"
|
||||
/* 初始化哈希表 */
|
||||
val map = HashMap<Int,String>()
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/* 添加操作 */
|
||||
// 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
|
||||
map[12836] = "小哈"
|
||||
|
@ -280,11 +280,11 @@
|
|||
map[16750] = "小算"
|
||||
map[13276] = "小法"
|
||||
map[10583] = "小鸭"
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/* 查询操作 */
|
||||
// 向哈希表中输入键 key ,得到值 value
|
||||
val name = map[15937]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/* 删除操作 */
|
||||
// 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
|
||||
map.remove(10583)
|
||||
|
@ -293,7 +293,24 @@
|
|||
=== "Ruby"
|
||||
|
||||
```ruby title="hash_map.rb"
|
||||
# 初始化哈希表
|
||||
hmap = {}
|
||||
|
||||
# 添加操作
|
||||
# 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
|
||||
hmap[12836] = "小哈"
|
||||
hmap[15937] = "小啰"
|
||||
hmap[16750] = "小算"
|
||||
hmap[13276] = "小法"
|
||||
hmap[10583] = "小鸭"
|
||||
|
||||
# 查询操作
|
||||
# 向哈希表中输入键 key ,得到值 value
|
||||
name = hmap[15937]
|
||||
|
||||
# 删除操作
|
||||
# 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
|
||||
hmap.delete(10583)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
=== "Zig"
|
||||
|
@ -476,7 +493,7 @@
|
|||
|
||||
// 单独遍历键 Key
|
||||
for key in map.keys() {
|
||||
println!("{key}");
|
||||
println!("{key}");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// 单独遍历值 Value
|
||||
|
@ -512,7 +529,15 @@
|
|||
=== "Ruby"
|
||||
|
||||
```ruby title="hash_map.rb"
|
||||
# 遍历哈希表
|
||||
# 遍历键值对 key->value
|
||||
hmap.entries.each { |key, value| puts "#{key} -> #{value}" }
|
||||
|
||||
# 单独遍历键 key
|
||||
hmap.keys.each { |key| puts key }
|
||||
|
||||
# 单独遍历值 value
|
||||
hmap.values.each { |val| puts val }
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
=== "Zig"
|
||||
|
|
Loading…
Reference in a new issue