mirror of
https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
synced 2024-12-27 17:26:28 +08:00
be9931c8a1
* feat: add ruby code - chapter hashing * feat: add ruby code blocks - chapter hashing * fix: comments
128 lines
2.9 KiB
Ruby
128 lines
2.9 KiB
Ruby
=begin
|
|
File: hash_map_chaining.rb
|
|
Created Time: 2024-04-13
|
|
Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
|
|
=end
|
|
|
|
require_relative './array_hash_map'
|
|
|
|
### 键式地址哈希表 ###
|
|
class HashMapChaining
|
|
### 构造方法 ###
|
|
def initialize
|
|
@size = 0 # 键值对数量
|
|
@capacity = 4 # 哈希表容量
|
|
@load_thres = 2.0 / 3.0 # 触发扩容的负载因子阈值
|
|
@extend_ratio = 2 # 扩容倍数
|
|
@buckets = Array.new(@capacity) { [] } # 桶数组
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
### 哈希函数 ###
|
|
def hash_func(key)
|
|
key % @capacity
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
### 负载因子 ###
|
|
def load_factor
|
|
@size / @capacity
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
### 查询操作 ###
|
|
def get(key)
|
|
index = hash_func(key)
|
|
bucket = @buckets[index]
|
|
# 遍历桶,若找到 key ,则返回对应 val
|
|
for pair in bucket
|
|
return pair.val if pair.key == key
|
|
end
|
|
# 若未找到 key , 则返回 nil
|
|
nil
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
### 添加操作 ###
|
|
def put(key, val)
|
|
# 当负载因子超过阈值时,执行扩容
|
|
extend if load_factor > @load_thres
|
|
index = hash_func(key)
|
|
bucket = @buckets[index]
|
|
# 遍历桶,若遇到指定 key ,则更新对应 val 并返回
|
|
for pair in bucket
|
|
if pair.key == key
|
|
pair.val = val
|
|
return
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
# 若无该 key ,则将键值对添加至尾部
|
|
pair = Pair.new(key, val)
|
|
bucket << pair
|
|
@size += 1
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
### 删除操作 ###
|
|
def remove(key)
|
|
index = hash_func(key)
|
|
bucket = @buckets[index]
|
|
# 遍历桶,从中删除键值对
|
|
for pair in bucket
|
|
if pair.key == key
|
|
bucket.delete(pair)
|
|
@size -= 1
|
|
break
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
### 扩容哈希表 ###
|
|
def extend
|
|
# 暫存原哈希表
|
|
buckets = @buckets
|
|
# 初始化扩容后的新哈希表
|
|
@capacity *= @extend_ratio
|
|
@buckets = Array.new(@capacity) { [] }
|
|
@size = 0
|
|
# 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表
|
|
for bucket in buckets
|
|
for pair in bucket
|
|
put(pair.key, pair.val)
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
### 打印哈希表 ###
|
|
def print
|
|
for bucket in @buckets
|
|
res = []
|
|
for pair in bucket
|
|
res << "#{pair.key} -> #{pair.val}"
|
|
end
|
|
pp res
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
### Driver Code ###
|
|
if __FILE__ == $0
|
|
### 初始化哈希表
|
|
hashmap = HashMapChaining.new
|
|
|
|
# 添加操作
|
|
# 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
|
|
hashmap.put(12836, "小哈")
|
|
hashmap.put(15937, "小啰")
|
|
hashmap.put(16750, "小算")
|
|
hashmap.put(13276, "小法")
|
|
hashmap.put(10583, "小鸭")
|
|
puts "\n添加完成后,哈希表为\n[Key1 -> Value1, Key2 -> Value2, ...]"
|
|
hashmap.print
|
|
|
|
# 查询操作
|
|
# 向哈希表中输入键 key ,得到值 value
|
|
name = hashmap.get(13276)
|
|
puts "\n输入学号 13276 ,查询到姓名 #{name}"
|
|
|
|
# 删除操作
|
|
# 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
|
|
hashmap.remove(12836)
|
|
puts "\n删除 12836 后,哈希表为\n[Key1 -> Value1, Key2 -> Value2, ...]"
|
|
hashmap.print
|
|
end
|