This commit is contained in:
krahets 2023-07-24 13:09:43 +08:00
parent debd909387
commit 0760e0865e
14 changed files with 715 additions and 38 deletions

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@ -104,7 +104,23 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.go" ```go title="min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.go"
[class]{}-[func]{minCostClimbingStairsDP} /* 爬楼梯最小代价:动态规划 */
func minCostClimbingStairsDP(cost []int) int {
n := len(cost) - 1
if n == 1 || n == 2 {
return cost[n]
}
// 初始化 dp 表,用于存储子问题的解
dp := make([]int, n+1)
// 初始状态:预设最小子问题的解
dp[1] = cost[1]
dp[2] = cost[2]
// 状态转移:从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题
for i := 3; i <= n; i++ {
dp[i] = int(math.Min(float64(dp[i-1]), float64(dp[i-2]+cost[i])))
}
return dp[n]
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"
@ -255,7 +271,22 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.go" ```go title="min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.go"
[class]{}-[func]{minCostClimbingStairsDPComp} /* 爬楼梯最小代价:状态压缩后的动态规划 */
func minCostClimbingStairsDPComp(cost []int) int {
n := len(cost) - 1
if n == 1 || n == 2 {
return cost[n]
}
// 初始状态:预设最小子问题的解
a, b := cost[1], cost[2]
// 状态转移:从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题
for i := 3; i <= n; i++ {
tmp := b
b = int(math.Min(float64(a), float64(tmp+cost[i])))
a = tmp
}
return b
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"
@ -450,7 +481,25 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.go" ```go title="climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.go"
[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsConstraintDP} /* 带约束爬楼梯:动态规划 */
func climbingStairsConstraintDP(n int) int {
if n == 1 || n == 2 {
return n
}
// 初始化 dp 表,用于存储子问题的解
dp := make([][3]int, n+1)
// 初始状态:预设最小子问题的解
dp[1][1] = 1
dp[1][2] = 0
dp[2][1] = 0
dp[2][2] = 1
// 状态转移:从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题
for i := 3; i <= n; i++ {
dp[i][1] = dp[i-1][2]
dp[i][2] = dp[i-2][1] + dp[i-2][2]
}
return dp[n][1] + dp[n][2]
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"

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@ -171,7 +171,22 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="min_path_sum.go" ```go title="min_path_sum.go"
[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDFS} /* 最小路径和:暴力搜索 */
func minPathSumDFS(grid [][]int, i, j int) int {
// 若为左上角单元格,则终止搜索
if i == 0 && j == 0 {
return grid[0][0]
}
// 若行列索引越界,则返回 +∞ 代价
if i < 0 || j < 0 {
return math.MaxInt
}
// 计算从左上角到 (i-1, j) 和 (i, j-1) 的最小路径代价
left := minPathSumDFS(grid, i-1, j)
up := minPathSumDFS(grid, i, j-1)
// 返回从左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价
return int(math.Min(float64(left), float64(up))) + grid[i][j]
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"
@ -354,7 +369,27 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="min_path_sum.go" ```go title="min_path_sum.go"
[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDFSMem} /* 最小路径和:记忆化搜索 */
func minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem [][]int, i, j int) int {
// 若为左上角单元格,则终止搜索
if i == 0 && j == 0 {
return grid[0][0]
}
// 若行列索引越界,则返回 +∞ 代价
if i < 0 || j < 0 {
return math.MaxInt
}
// 若已有记录,则直接返回
if mem[i][j] != -1 {
return mem[i][j]
}
// 左边和上边单元格的最小路径代价
left := minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem, i-1, j)
up := minPathSumDFSMem(grid, mem, i, j-1)
// 记录并返回左上角到 (i, j) 的最小路径代价
mem[i][j] = int(math.Min(float64(left), float64(up))) + grid[i][j]
return mem[i][j]
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"
@ -549,7 +584,31 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="min_path_sum.go" ```go title="min_path_sum.go"
[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDP} /* 最小路径和:动态规划 */
func minPathSumDP(grid [][]int) int {
n, m := len(grid), len(grid[0])
// 初始化 dp 表
dp := make([][]int, n)
for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
dp[i] = make([]int, m)
}
dp[0][0] = grid[0][0]
// 状态转移:首行
for j := 1; j < m; j++ {
dp[0][j] = dp[0][j-1] + grid[0][j]
}
// 状态转移:首列
for i := 1; i < n; i++ {
dp[i][0] = dp[i-1][0] + grid[i][0]
}
// 状态转移:其余行列
for i := 1; i < n; i++ {
for j := 1; j < m; j++ {
dp[i][j] = int(math.Min(float64(dp[i][j-1]), float64(dp[i-1][j]))) + grid[i][j]
}
}
return dp[n-1][m-1]
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"
@ -780,7 +839,27 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="min_path_sum.go" ```go title="min_path_sum.go"
[class]{}-[func]{minPathSumDPComp} /* 最小路径和:状态压缩后的动态规划 */
func minPathSumDPComp(grid [][]int) int {
n, m := len(grid), len(grid[0])
// 初始化 dp 表
dp := make([]int, m)
// 状态转移:首行
dp[0] = grid[0][0]
for j := 1; j < m; j++ {
dp[j] = dp[j-1] + grid[0][j]
}
// 状态转移:其余行列
for i := 1; i < n; i++ {
// 状态转移:首列
dp[0] = dp[0] + grid[i][0]
// 状态转移:其余列
for j := 1; j < m; j++ {
dp[j] = int(math.Min(float64(dp[j-1]), float64(dp[j]))) + grid[i][j]
}
}
return dp[m-1]
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"

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@ -161,7 +161,35 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="edit_distance.go" ```go title="edit_distance.go"
[class]{}-[func]{editDistanceDP} /* 编辑距离:动态规划 */
func editDistanceDP(s string, t string) int {
n := len(s)
m := len(t)
dp := make([][]int, n+1)
for i := 0; i <= n; i++ {
dp[i] = make([]int, m+1)
}
// 状态转移:首行首列
for i := 1; i <= n; i++ {
dp[i][0] = i
}
for j := 1; j <= m; j++ {
dp[0][j] = j
}
// 状态转移:其余行列
for i := 1; i <= n; i++ {
for j := 1; j <= m; j++ {
if s[i-1] == t[j-1] {
// 若两字符相等,则直接跳过此两字符
dp[i][j] = dp[i-1][j-1]
} else {
// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1
dp[i][j] = MinInt(MinInt(dp[i][j-1], dp[i-1][j]), dp[i-1][j-1]) + 1
}
}
}
return dp[n][m]
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"
@ -430,7 +458,35 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="edit_distance.go" ```go title="edit_distance.go"
[class]{}-[func]{editDistanceDPComp} /* 编辑距离:状态压缩后的动态规划 */
func editDistanceDPComp(s string, t string) int {
n := len(s)
m := len(t)
dp := make([]int, m+1)
// 状态转移:首行
for j := 1; j <= m; j++ {
dp[j] = j
}
// 状态转移:其余行
for i := 1; i <= n; i++ {
// 状态转移:首列
leftUp := dp[0] // 暂存 dp[i-1, j-1]
dp[0] = i
// 状态转移:其余列
for j := 1; j <= m; j++ {
temp := dp[j]
if s[i-1] == t[j-1] {
// 若两字符相等,则直接跳过此两字符
dp[j] = leftUp
} else {
// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1
dp[j] = MinInt(MinInt(dp[j-1], dp[j]), leftUp) + 1
}
leftUp = temp // 更新为下一轮的 dp[i-1, j-1]
}
}
return dp[m]
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"

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@ -109,9 +109,36 @@ status: new
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="climbing_stairs_backtrack.go" ```go title="climbing_stairs_backtrack.go"
[class]{}-[func]{backtrack} /* 回溯 */
func backtrack(choices []int, state, n int, res []int) {
// 当爬到第 n 阶时,方案数量加 1
if state == n {
res[0] = res[0] + 1
}
// 遍历所有选择
for _, choice := range choices {
// 剪枝:不允许越过第 n 阶
if state+choice > n {
break
}
// 尝试:做出选择,更新状态
backtrack(choices, state+choice, n, res)
// 回退
}
}
[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsBacktrack} /* 爬楼梯:回溯 */
func climbingStairsBacktrack(n int) int {
// 可选择向上爬 1 或 2 阶
choices := []int{1, 2}
// 从第 0 阶开始爬
state := 0
res := make([]int, 1)
// 使用 res[0] 记录方案数量
res[0] = 0
backtrack(choices, state, n, res)
return res[0]
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"
@ -324,9 +351,21 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="climbing_stairs_dfs.go" ```go title="climbing_stairs_dfs.go"
[class]{}-[func]{dfs} /* 搜索 */
func dfs(i int) int {
// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ,返回之
if i == 1 || i == 2 {
return i
}
// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]
count := dfs(i-1) + dfs(i-2)
return count
}
[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDFS} /* 爬楼梯:搜索 */
func climbingStairsDFS(n int) int {
return dfs(n)
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"
@ -515,9 +554,32 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.go" ```go title="climbing_stairs_dfs_mem.go"
[class]{}-[func]{dfs} /* 记忆化搜索 */
func dfsMem(i int, mem []int) int {
// 已知 dp[1] 和 dp[2] ,返回之
if i == 1 || i == 2 {
return i
}
// 若存在记录 dp[i] ,则直接返回之
if mem[i] != -1 {
return mem[i]
}
// dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]
count := dfsMem(i-1, mem) + dfsMem(i-2, mem)
// 记录 dp[i]
mem[i] = count
return count
}
[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDFSMem} /* 爬楼梯:记忆化搜索 */
func climbingStairsDFSMem(n int) int {
// mem[i] 记录爬到第 i 阶的方案总数,-1 代表无记录
mem := make([]int, n+1)
for i := range mem {
mem[i] = -1
}
return dfsMem(n, mem)
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"
@ -709,7 +771,22 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="climbing_stairs_dp.go" ```go title="climbing_stairs_dp.go"
[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDP} /* 爬楼梯:动态规划 */
func climbingStairsDP(n int) int {
if n == 1 || n == 2 {
return n
}
// 初始化 dp 表,用于存储子问题的解
dp := make([]int, n+1)
// 初始状态:预设最小子问题的解
dp[1] = 1
dp[2] = 2
// 状态转移:从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题
for i := 3; i <= n; i++ {
dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]
}
return dp[n]
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"
@ -863,7 +940,18 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="climbing_stairs_dp.go" ```go title="climbing_stairs_dp.go"
[class]{}-[func]{climbingStairsDPComp} /* 爬楼梯:状态压缩后的动态规划 */
func climbingStairsDPComp(n int) int {
if n == 1 || n == 2 {
return n
}
a, b := 1, 2
// 状态转移:从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题
for i := 3; i <= n; i++ {
a, b = b, a+b
}
return b
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"

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@ -127,7 +127,22 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="knapsack.go" ```go title="knapsack.go"
[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDFS} /* 0-1 背包:暴力搜索 */
func knapsackDFS(wgt, val []int, i, c int) int {
// 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量,则返回价值 0
if i == 0 || c == 0 {
return 0
}
// 若超过背包容量,则只能不放入背包
if wgt[i-1] > c {
return knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i-1, c)
}
// 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值
no := knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i-1, c)
yes := knapsackDFS(wgt, val, i-1, c-wgt[i-1]) + val[i-1]
// 返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个
return int(math.Max(float64(no), float64(yes)))
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"
@ -308,7 +323,27 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="knapsack.go" ```go title="knapsack.go"
[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDFSMem} /* 0-1 背包:记忆化搜索 */
func knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val []int, mem [][]int, i, c int) int {
// 若已选完所有物品或背包无容量,则返回价值 0
if i == 0 || c == 0 {
return 0
}
// 若已有记录,则直接返回
if mem[i][c] != -1 {
return mem[i][c]
}
// 若超过背包容量,则只能不放入背包
if wgt[i-1] > c {
return knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i-1, c)
}
// 计算不放入和放入物品 i 的最大价值
no := knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i-1, c)
yes := knapsackDFSMem(wgt, val, mem, i-1, c-wgt[i-1]) + val[i-1]
// 返回两种方案中价值更大的那一个
mem[i][c] = int(math.Max(float64(no), float64(yes)))
return mem[i][c]
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"
@ -494,7 +529,28 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="knapsack.go" ```go title="knapsack.go"
[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDP} /* 0-1 背包:动态规划 */
func knapsackDP(wgt, val []int, cap int) int {
n := len(wgt)
// 初始化 dp 表
dp := make([][]int, n+1)
for i := 0; i <= n; i++ {
dp[i] = make([]int, cap+1)
}
// 状态转移
for i := 1; i <= n; i++ {
for c := 1; c <= cap; c++ {
if wgt[i-1] > c {
// 若超过背包容量,则不选物品 i
dp[i][c] = dp[i-1][c]
} else {
// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值
dp[i][c] = int(math.Max(float64(dp[i-1][c]), float64(dp[i-1][c-wgt[i-1]]+val[i-1])))
}
}
}
return dp[n][cap]
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"
@ -733,7 +789,23 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="knapsack.go" ```go title="knapsack.go"
[class]{}-[func]{knapsackDPComp} /* 0-1 背包:状态压缩后的动态规划 */
func knapsackDPComp(wgt, val []int, cap int) int {
n := len(wgt)
// 初始化 dp 表
dp := make([]int, cap+1)
// 状态转移
for i := 1; i <= n; i++ {
// 倒序遍历
for c := cap; c >= 1; c-- {
if wgt[i-1] <= c {
// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值
dp[c] = int(math.Max(float64(dp[c]), float64(dp[c-wgt[i-1]]+val[i-1])))
}
}
}
return dp[cap]
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"

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@ -108,7 +108,28 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="unbounded_knapsack.go" ```go title="unbounded_knapsack.go"
[class]{}-[func]{unboundedKnapsackDP} /* 完全背包:动态规划 */
func unboundedKnapsackDP(wgt, val []int, cap int) int {
n := len(wgt)
// 初始化 dp 表
dp := make([][]int, n+1)
for i := 0; i <= n; i++ {
dp[i] = make([]int, cap+1)
}
// 状态转移
for i := 1; i <= n; i++ {
for c := 1; c <= cap; c++ {
if wgt[i-1] > c {
// 若超过背包容量,则不选物品 i
dp[i][c] = dp[i-1][c]
} else {
// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值
dp[i][c] = int(math.Max(float64(dp[i-1][c]), float64(dp[i][c-wgt[i-1]]+val[i-1])))
}
}
}
return dp[n][cap]
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"
@ -303,7 +324,25 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="unbounded_knapsack.go" ```go title="unbounded_knapsack.go"
[class]{}-[func]{unboundedKnapsackDPComp} /* 完全背包:状态压缩后的动态规划 */
func unboundedKnapsackDPComp(wgt, val []int, cap int) int {
n := len(wgt)
// 初始化 dp 表
dp := make([]int, cap+1)
// 状态转移
for i := 1; i <= n; i++ {
for c := 1; c <= cap; c++ {
if wgt[i-1] > c {
// 若超过背包容量,则不选物品 i
dp[c] = dp[c]
} else {
// 不选和选物品 i 这两种方案的较大值
dp[c] = int(math.Max(float64(dp[c]), float64(dp[c-wgt[i-1]]+val[i-1])))
}
}
}
return dp[cap]
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"
@ -536,7 +575,36 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="coin_change.go" ```go title="coin_change.go"
[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeDP} /* 零钱兑换:动态规划 */
func coinChangeDP(coins []int, amt int) int {
n := len(coins)
max := amt + 1
// 初始化 dp 表
dp := make([][]int, n+1)
for i := 0; i <= n; i++ {
dp[i] = make([]int, amt+1)
}
// 状态转移:首行首列
for a := 1; a <= amt; a++ {
dp[0][a] = max
}
// 状态转移:其余行列
for i := 1; i <= n; i++ {
for a := 1; a <= amt; a++ {
if coins[i-1] > a {
// 若超过背包容量,则不选硬币 i
dp[i][a] = dp[i-1][a]
} else {
// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值
dp[i][a] = int(math.Min(float64(dp[i-1][a]), float64(dp[i][a-coins[i-1]]+1)))
}
}
}
if dp[n][amt] != max {
return dp[n][amt]
}
return -1
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"
@ -784,7 +852,33 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="coin_change.go" ```go title="coin_change.go"
[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeDPComp} /* 零钱兑换:动态规划 */
func coinChangeDPComp(coins []int, amt int) int {
n := len(coins)
max := amt + 1
// 初始化 dp 表
dp := make([]int, amt+1)
for i := 1; i <= amt; i++ {
dp[i] = max
}
// 状态转移
for i := 1; i <= n; i++ {
// 倒序遍历
for a := 1; a <= amt; a++ {
if coins[i-1] > a {
// 若超过背包容量,则不选硬币 i
dp[a] = dp[a]
} else {
// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值
dp[a] = int(math.Min(float64(dp[a]), float64(dp[a-coins[i-1]]+1)))
}
}
}
if dp[amt] != max {
return dp[amt]
}
return -1
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"
@ -999,7 +1093,32 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="coin_change_ii.go" ```go title="coin_change_ii.go"
[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeIIDP} /* 零钱兑换 II动态规划 */
func coinChangeIIDP(coins []int, amt int) int {
n := len(coins)
// 初始化 dp 表
dp := make([][]int, n+1)
for i := 0; i <= n; i++ {
dp[i] = make([]int, amt+1)
}
// 初始化首列
for i := 0; i <= n; i++ {
dp[i][0] = 1
}
// 状态转移:其余行列
for i := 1; i <= n; i++ {
for a := 1; a <= amt; a++ {
if coins[i-1] > a {
// 若超过背包容量,则不选硬币 i
dp[i][a] = dp[i-1][a]
} else {
// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案的较小值
dp[i][a] = dp[i-1][a] + dp[i][a-coins[i-1]]
}
}
}
return dp[n][amt]
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"
@ -1189,7 +1308,27 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="coin_change_ii.go" ```go title="coin_change_ii.go"
[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeIIDPComp} /* 零钱兑换 II状态压缩后的动态规划 */
func coinChangeIIDPComp(coins []int, amt int) int {
n := len(coins)
// 初始化 dp 表
dp := make([]int, amt+1)
dp[0] = 1
// 状态转移
for i := 1; i <= n; i++ {
// 倒序遍历
for a := 1; a <= amt; a++ {
if coins[i-1] > a {
// 若超过背包容量,则不选硬币 i
dp[a] = dp[a]
} else {
// 不选和选硬币 i 这两种方案之和
dp[a] = dp[a] + dp[a-coins[i-1]]
}
}
}
return dp[amt]
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"

View file

@ -157,9 +157,39 @@ status: new
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="fractional_knapsack.go" ```go title="fractional_knapsack.go"
[class]{}-[func]{II} /* 物品 */
type Item struct {
w int // 物品重量
v int // 物品价值
}
[class]{}-[func]{fractionalKnapsack} /* 分数背包:贪心 */
func fractionalKnapsack(wgt []int, val []int, cap int) float64 {
// 创建物品列表,包含两个属性:重量、价值
items := make([]Item, len(wgt))
for i := 0; i < len(wgt); i++ {
items[i] = Item{wgt[i], val[i]}
}
// 按照单位价值 item.v / item.w 从高到低进行排序
sort.Slice(items, func(i, j int) bool {
return float64(items[i].v)/float64(items[i].w) > float64(items[j].v)/float64(items[j].w)
})
// 循环贪心选择
res := 0.0
for _, item := range items {
if item.w <= cap {
// 若剩余容量充足,则将当前物品整个装进背包
res += float64(item.v)
cap -= item.w
} else {
// 若剩余容量不足,则将当前物品的一部分装进背包
res += float64(item.v) / float64(item.w) * float64(cap)
// 已无剩余容量,因此跳出循环
break
}
}
return res
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"

View file

@ -95,7 +95,27 @@ status: new
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="coin_change_greedy.go" ```go title="coin_change_greedy.go"
[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeGreedy} /* 零钱兑换:贪心 */
func coinChangeGreedy(coins []int, amt int) int {
// 假设 coins 列表有序
i := len(coins) - 1
count := 0
// 循环进行贪心选择,直到无剩余金额
for amt > 0 {
// 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币
for coins[i] > amt {
i--
}
// 选择 coins[i]
amt -= coins[i]
count++
}
// 若未找到可行方案,则返回 -1
if amt != 0 {
return -1
}
return count
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"

View file

@ -161,7 +161,26 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="max_capacity.go" ```go title="max_capacity.go"
[class]{}-[func]{maxCapacity} /* 最大容量:贪心 */
func maxCapacity(ht []int) int {
// 初始化 i, j 分列数组两端
i, j := 0, len(ht)-1
// 初始最大容量为 0
res := 0
// 循环贪心选择,直至两板相遇
for i < j {
// 更新最大容量
capacity := int(math.Min(float64(ht[i]), float64(ht[j]))) * (j - i)
res = int(math.Max(float64(res), float64(capacity)))
// 向内移动短板
if ht[i] < ht[j] {
i++
} else {
j--
}
}
return res
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"

View file

@ -147,7 +147,26 @@ $$
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="max_product_cutting.go" ```go title="max_product_cutting.go"
[class]{}-[func]{maxProductCutting} /* 最大切分乘积:贪心 */
func maxProductCutting(n int) int {
// 当 n <= 3 时,必须切分出一个 1
if n <= 3 {
return 1 * (n - 1)
}
// 贪心地切分出 3 a 为 3 的个数b 为余数
a := n / 3
b := n % 3
if b == 1 {
// 当余数为 1 时,将一对 1 * 3 转化为 2 * 2
return int(math.Pow(3, float64(a-1))) * 2 * 2
}
if b == 2 {
// 当余数为 2 时,不做处理
return int(math.Pow(3, float64(a))) * 2
}
// 当余数为 0 时,不做处理
return int(math.Pow(3, float64(a)))
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"

View file

@ -139,7 +139,24 @@ comments: true
=== "Go" === "Go"
```go title="top_k.go" ```go title="top_k.go"
[class]{maxHeap}-[func]{topKHeap} /* 基于堆查找数组中最大的 k 个元素 */
func topKHeap(nums []int, k int) *minHeap {
h := &minHeap{}
heap.Init(h)
// 将数组的前 k 个元素入堆
for i := 0; i < k; i++ {
heap.Push(h, nums[i])
}
// 从第 k+1 个元素开始,保持堆的长度为 k
for i := k; i < len(nums); i++ {
// 若当前元素大于堆顶元素,则将堆顶元素出堆、当前元素入堆
if nums[i] > h.Top().(int) {
heap.Pop(h)
heap.Push(h, nums[i])
}
}
return h
}
``` ```
=== "JavaScript" === "JavaScript"
@ -157,7 +174,7 @@ comments: true
=== "C" === "C"
```c title="top_k.c" ```c title="top_k.c"
[class]{maxHeap}-[func]{topKHeap} [class]{}-[func]{topKHeap}
``` ```
=== "C#" === "C#"

View file

@ -513,7 +513,99 @@ comments: true
=== "Swift" === "Swift"
```swift title="array_binary_tree.swift" ```swift title="array_binary_tree.swift"
[class]{ArrayBinaryTree}-[func]{} /* 数组表示下的二叉树类 */
class ArrayBinaryTree {
private var tree: [Int?]
/* 构造方法 */
init(arr: [Int?]) {
tree = arr
}
/* 节点数量 */
func size() -> Int {
tree.count
}
/* 获取索引为 i 节点的值 */
func val(i: Int) -> Int? {
// 若索引越界,则返回 null ,代表空位
if i < 0 || i >= size() {
return nil
}
return tree[i]
}
/* 获取索引为 i 节点的左子节点的索引 */
func left(i: Int) -> Int {
2 * i + 1
}
/* 获取索引为 i 节点的右子节点的索引 */
func right(i: Int) -> Int {
2 * i + 2
}
/* 获取索引为 i 节点的父节点的索引 */
func parent(i: Int) -> Int {
(i - 1) / 2
}
/* 层序遍历 */
func levelOrder() -> [Int] {
var res: [Int] = []
// 直接遍历数组
for i in stride(from: 0, to: size(), by: 1) {
if let val = val(i: i) {
res.append(val)
}
}
return res
}
/* 深度优先遍历 */
private func dfs(i: Int, order: String, res: inout [Int]) {
// 若为空位,则返回
guard let val = val(i: i) else {
return
}
// 前序遍历
if order == "pre" {
res.append(val)
}
dfs(i: left(i: i), order: order, res: &res)
// 中序遍历
if order == "in" {
res.append(val)
}
dfs(i: right(i: i), order: order, res: &res)
// 后序遍历
if order == "post" {
res.append(val)
}
}
/* 前序遍历 */
func preOrder() -> [Int] {
var res: [Int] = []
dfs(i: 0, order: "pre", res: &res)
return res
}
/* 中序遍历 */
func inOrder() -> [Int] {
var res: [Int] = []
dfs(i: 0, order: "in", res: &res)
return res
}
/* 后序遍历 */
func postOrder() -> [Int] {
var res: [Int] = []
dfs(i: 0, order: "post", res: &res)
return res
}
}
``` ```
=== "Zig" === "Zig"

View file

@ -1613,7 +1613,6 @@ AVL 树的特点在于「旋转 Rotation」操作它能够在不影响二叉
```swift title="avl_tree.swift" ```swift title="avl_tree.swift"
/* 插入节点 */ /* 插入节点 */
@discardableResult
func insert(val: Int) { func insert(val: Int) {
root = insertHelper(node: root, val: val) root = insertHelper(node: root, val: val)
} }
@ -2067,7 +2066,6 @@ AVL 树的特点在于「旋转 Rotation」操作它能够在不影响二叉
```swift title="avl_tree.swift" ```swift title="avl_tree.swift"
/* 删除节点 */ /* 删除节点 */
@discardableResult
func remove(val: Int) { func remove(val: Int) {
root = removeHelper(node: root, val: val) root = removeHelper(node: root, val: val)
} }

View file

@ -1103,7 +1103,6 @@ comments: true
```swift title="binary_search_tree.swift" ```swift title="binary_search_tree.swift"
/* 删除节点 */ /* 删除节点 */
@discardableResult
func remove(num: Int) { func remove(num: Int) {
// 若树为空,直接提前返回 // 若树为空,直接提前返回
if root == nil { if root == nil {