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Rename OS X into the current macOS name

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The name was changed in 2016; see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacOS#macOS
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Diomidis Spinellis 2018-04-03 09:56:13 +03:00
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@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
- [System debugging](#system-debugging) - [System debugging](#system-debugging)
- [One-liners](#one-liners) - [One-liners](#one-liners)
- [Obscure but useful](#obscure-but-useful) - [Obscure but useful](#obscure-but-useful)
- [OS X only](#os-x-only) - [macOS only](#os-x-only)
- [Windows only](#windows-only) - [Windows only](#windows-only)
- [More resources](#more-resources) - [More resources](#more-resources)
- [Disclaimer](#disclaimer) - [Disclaimer](#disclaimer)
@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ but it has since moved to GitHub, where people more talented than the original a
Scope: Scope:
- This guide is both for beginners and the experienced. The goals are *breadth* (everything important), *specificity* (give concrete examples of the most common case), and *brevity* (avoid things that aren't essential or digressions you can easily look up elsewhere). Every tip is essential in some situation or significantly saves time over alternatives. - This guide is both for beginners and the experienced. The goals are *breadth* (everything important), *specificity* (give concrete examples of the most common case), and *brevity* (avoid things that aren't essential or digressions you can easily look up elsewhere). Every tip is essential in some situation or significantly saves time over alternatives.
- This is written for Linux, with the exception of the "[OS X only](#os-x-only)" and "[Windows only](#windows-only)" sections. Many of the other items apply or can be installed on other Unices or OS X (or even Cygwin). - This is written for Linux, with the exception of the "[macOS only](#os-x-only)" and "[Windows only](#windows-only)" sections. Many of the other items apply or can be installed on other Unices or macOS (or even Cygwin).
- The focus is on interactive Bash, though many tips apply to other shells and to general Bash scripting. - The focus is on interactive Bash, though many tips apply to other shells and to general Bash scripting.
- It includes both "standard" Unix commands as well as ones that require special package installs -- so long as they are important enough to merit inclusion. - It includes both "standard" Unix commands as well as ones that require special package installs -- so long as they are important enough to merit inclusion.
@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ Notes:
- Use `nohup` or `disown` if you want a background process to keep running forever. - Use `nohup` or `disown` if you want a background process to keep running forever.
- Check what processes are listening via `netstat -lntp` or `ss -plat` (for TCP; add `-u` for UDP) or `lsof -iTCP -sTCP:LISTEN -P -n` (which also works on OS X). - Check what processes are listening via `netstat -lntp` or `ss -plat` (for TCP; add `-u` for UDP) or `lsof -iTCP -sTCP:LISTEN -P -n` (which also works on macOS).
- See also `lsof` and `fuser` for open sockets and files. - See also `lsof` and `fuser` for open sockets and files.
@ -538,23 +538,23 @@ A few examples of piecing together commands:
- `fortune`, `ddate`, and `sl`: um, well, it depends on whether you consider steam locomotives and Zippy quotations "useful" - `fortune`, `ddate`, and `sl`: um, well, it depends on whether you consider steam locomotives and Zippy quotations "useful"
## OS X only ## macOS only
These are items relevant *only* on OS X. These are items relevant *only* on macOS.
- Package management with `brew` (Homebrew) and/or `port` (MacPorts). These can be used to install on OS X many of the above commands. - Package management with `brew` (Homebrew) and/or `port` (MacPorts). These can be used to install on macOS many of the above commands.
- Copy output of any command to a desktop app with `pbcopy` and paste input from one with `pbpaste`. - Copy output of any command to a desktop app with `pbcopy` and paste input from one with `pbpaste`.
- To enable the Option key in OS X Terminal as an alt key (such as used in the commands above like **alt-b**, **alt-f**, etc.), open Preferences -> Profiles -> Keyboard and select "Use Option as Meta key". - To enable the Option key in macOS Terminal as an alt key (such as used in the commands above like **alt-b**, **alt-f**, etc.), open Preferences -> Profiles -> Keyboard and select "Use Option as Meta key".
- To open a file with a desktop app, use `open` or `open -a /Applications/Whatever.app`. - To open a file with a desktop app, use `open` or `open -a /Applications/Whatever.app`.
- Spotlight: Search files with `mdfind` and list metadata (such as photo EXIF info) with `mdls`. - Spotlight: Search files with `mdfind` and list metadata (such as photo EXIF info) with `mdls`.
- Be aware OS X is based on BSD Unix, and many commands (for example `ps`, `ls`, `tail`, `awk`, `sed`) have many subtle variations from Linux, which is largely influenced by System V-style Unix and GNU tools. You can often tell the difference by noting a man page has the heading "BSD General Commands Manual." In some cases GNU versions can be installed, too (such as `gawk` and `gsed` for GNU awk and sed). If writing cross-platform Bash scripts, avoid such commands (for example, consider Python or `perl`) or test carefully. - Be aware macOS is based on BSD Unix, and many commands (for example `ps`, `ls`, `tail`, `awk`, `sed`) have many subtle variations from Linux, which is largely influenced by System V-style Unix and GNU tools. You can often tell the difference by noting a man page has the heading "BSD General Commands Manual." In some cases GNU versions can be installed, too (such as `gawk` and `gsed` for GNU awk and sed). If writing cross-platform Bash scripts, avoid such commands (for example, consider Python or `perl`) or test carefully.
- To get OS X release information, use `sw_vers`. - To get macOS release information, use `sw_vers`.
## Windows only ## Windows only
@ -595,7 +595,7 @@ These items are relevant *only* on Windows.
## More resources ## More resources
- [awesome-shell](https://github.com/alebcay/awesome-shell): A curated list of shell tools and resources. - [awesome-shell](https://github.com/alebcay/awesome-shell): A curated list of shell tools and resources.
- [awesome-osx-command-line](https://github.com/herrbischoff/awesome-osx-command-line): A more in-depth guide for the OS X command line. - [awesome-osx-command-line](https://github.com/herrbischoff/awesome-osx-command-line): A more in-depth guide for the macOS command line.
- [Strict mode](http://redsymbol.net/articles/unofficial-bash-strict-mode/) for writing better shell scripts. - [Strict mode](http://redsymbol.net/articles/unofficial-bash-strict-mode/) for writing better shell scripts.
- [shellcheck](https://github.com/koalaman/shellcheck): A shell script static analysis tool. Essentially, lint for bash/sh/zsh. - [shellcheck](https://github.com/koalaman/shellcheck): A shell script static analysis tool. Essentially, lint for bash/sh/zsh.
- [Filenames and Pathnames in Shell](http://www.dwheeler.com/essays/filenames-in-shell.html): The sadly complex minutiae on how to handle filenames correctly in shell scripts. - [Filenames and Pathnames in Shell](http://www.dwheeler.com/essays/filenames-in-shell.html): The sadly complex minutiae on how to handle filenames correctly in shell scripts.