diff --git a/dns/client.go b/dns/client.go
index fe9362bb..211eb91f 100644
--- a/dns/client.go
+++ b/dns/client.go
@@ -25,6 +25,26 @@ type client struct {
 	host         string
 	iface        *atomic.String
 	proxyAdapter string
+	addr         string
+}
+
+var _ dnsClient = (*client)(nil)
+
+// Address implements dnsClient
+func (c *client) Address() string {
+	if len(c.addr) != 0 {
+		return c.addr
+	}
+	schema := "udp"
+	if strings.HasPrefix(c.Client.Net, "tcp") {
+		schema = "tcp"
+		if strings.HasSuffix(c.Client.Net, "tls") {
+			schema = "tls"
+		}
+	}
+
+	c.addr = fmt.Sprintf("%s//:%s", schema, net.JoinHostPort(c.host, c.port))
+	return c.addr
 }
 
 func (c *client) Exchange(m *D.Msg) (*D.Msg, error) {
diff --git a/dns/dhcp.go b/dns/dhcp.go
index 1efa3bd1..151e4421 100644
--- a/dns/dhcp.go
+++ b/dns/dhcp.go
@@ -2,12 +2,14 @@ package dns
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"go.uber.org/atomic"
 	"net"
 	"net/netip"
+	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 
+	"go.uber.org/atomic"
+
 	"github.com/Dreamacro/clash/component/dhcp"
 	"github.com/Dreamacro/clash/component/iface"
 	"github.com/Dreamacro/clash/component/resolver"
@@ -34,6 +36,17 @@ type dhcpClient struct {
 	err       error
 }
 
+var _ dnsClient = (*dhcpClient)(nil)
+
+// Address implements dnsClient
+func (d *dhcpClient) Address() string {
+	addrs := make([]string, 0)
+	for _, c := range d.clients {
+		addrs = append(addrs, c.Address())
+	}
+	return strings.Join(addrs, ",")
+}
+
 func (d *dhcpClient) Exchange(m *D.Msg) (msg *D.Msg, err error) {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), resolver.DefaultDNSTimeout)
 	defer cancel()
diff --git a/dns/doh.go b/dns/doh.go
index 5abd0479..df3df6b4 100644
--- a/dns/doh.go
+++ b/dns/doh.go
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ type dnsOverHTTPS struct {
 	r               *Resolver
 	httpVersions    []C.HTTPVersion
 	proxyAdapter    string
+	addr            string
 }
 
 // type check
@@ -83,6 +84,7 @@ func newDoHClient(urlString string, r *Resolver, preferH3 bool, params map[strin
 
 	doh := &dnsOverHTTPS{
 		url:          u,
+		addr:         u.String(),
 		r:            r,
 		proxyAdapter: proxyAdapter,
 		quicConfig: &quic.Config{
@@ -98,7 +100,9 @@ func newDoHClient(urlString string, r *Resolver, preferH3 bool, params map[strin
 }
 
 // Address implements the Upstream interface for *dnsOverHTTPS.
-func (doh *dnsOverHTTPS) Address() string { return doh.url.String() }
+func (doh *dnsOverHTTPS) Address() string {
+	return doh.addr
+}
 func (doh *dnsOverHTTPS) ExchangeContext(ctx context.Context, m *D.Msg) (msg *D.Msg, err error) {
 	// Quote from https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8484.html:
 	// In order to maximize HTTP cache friendliness, DoH clients using media
diff --git a/dns/middleware.go b/dns/middleware.go
index 28ced849..7dc9622d 100644
--- a/dns/middleware.go
+++ b/dns/middleware.go
@@ -164,7 +164,6 @@ func withResolver(resolver *Resolver) handler {
 		msg.SetRcode(r, msg.Rcode)
 		msg.Authoritative = true
 
-		log.Debugln("[DNS] %s --> %s", msgToDomain(r), msgToIP(msg))
 		return msg, nil
 	}
 }
diff --git a/dns/resolver.go b/dns/resolver.go
index 8784dd78..895b7393 100644
--- a/dns/resolver.go
+++ b/dns/resolver.go
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ import (
 type dnsClient interface {
 	Exchange(m *D.Msg) (msg *D.Msg, err error)
 	ExchangeContext(ctx context.Context, m *D.Msg) (msg *D.Msg, err error)
+	Address() string
 }
 
 type result struct {
diff --git a/dns/util.go b/dns/util.go
index e53abab0..203ab615 100644
--- a/dns/util.go
+++ b/dns/util.go
@@ -235,15 +235,18 @@ func listenPacket(ctx context.Context, proxyAdapter string, network string, addr
 
 func batchExchange(ctx context.Context, clients []dnsClient, m *D.Msg) (msg *D.Msg, err error) {
 	fast, ctx := picker.WithTimeout[*D.Msg](ctx, resolver.DefaultDNSTimeout)
+	domain := msgToDomain(m)
 	for _, client := range clients {
 		r := client
 		fast.Go(func() (*D.Msg, error) {
+			log.Debugln("[DNS] resolve %s from %s", domain, r.Address())
 			m, err := r.ExchangeContext(ctx, m)
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, err
 			} else if m.Rcode == D.RcodeServerFailure || m.Rcode == D.RcodeRefused {
 				return nil, errors.New("server failure")
 			}
+			log.Debugln("[DNS] %s --> %s, from %s", domain, msgToIP(m), r.Address())
 			return m, nil
 		})
 	}
@@ -256,7 +259,6 @@ func batchExchange(ctx context.Context, clients []dnsClient, m *D.Msg) (msg *D.M
 		}
 		return nil, err
 	}
-
 	msg = elm
 	return
 }