229 lines
10 KiB
HTML
229 lines
10 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="en" dir="auto">
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<head>
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<meta name="generator" content="Hugo 0.135.0"><script src="/livereload.js?mindelay=10&v=2&port=1313&path=livereload" data-no-instant defer></script><meta charset="utf-8">
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<style>
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#theme-toggle,
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display: none;
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</style>
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<style>
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:root {
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border-color: var(--theme);
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</noscript><meta property="og:title" content="My New Hugo Site" />
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document.body.classList.add('dark');
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<nav class="nav">
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<a href="//localhost:1313/" accesskey="h" title="My New Hugo Site (Alt + H)">My New Hugo Site</a>
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<svg id="sun" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24"
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</div>
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</div>
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<ul id="menu">
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</header>
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<main class="main">
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<article class="first-entry">
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<header class="entry-header">
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<h2 class="entry-hint-parent">Linux目录配置与FHS标准
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<span class="entry-hint" title="Draft">
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="20" viewBox="0 -960 960 960" fill="currentColor">
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<path
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d="M160-410v-60h300v60H160Zm0-165v-60h470v60H160Zm0-165v-60h470v60H160Zm360 580v-123l221-220q9-9 20-13t22-4q12 0 23 4.5t20 13.5l37 37q9 9 13 20t4 22q0 11-4.5 22.5T862.09-380L643-160H520Zm300-263-37-37 37 37ZM580-220h38l121-122-18-19-19-18-122 121v38Zm141-141-19-18 37 37-18-19Z" />
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</svg>
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</span>
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</h2>
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</header>
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<div class="entry-content">
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<p>一、Linux 整体目录树 在 Linux 系统中，所有文件和目录都是从根目录开始，一级一级向下分支形成一个树状结构的。
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我们把这种目录配置方式称为目录树。
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Linux 的根目录为 “/”，我们在该目录下执行 ls -l 命令，查看根目录的目录结构。
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你可以想象一下，这么多目录，如果所有使用 Linux 开发的用户，都以自己的原则和方式随意放置文件，这会给后续开发和运维增加无谓的工作量。
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因此，在 Linux 中，根目录下的目录内容都会相对固定的，而且，每个目录放置什么内容都是有规定约束的。这个标准称为 FHS 标准（Filesystem Hierarchy Standard）。
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下面，我们会从 FHS 标准出发，说明这些目录的主要作用与放置文件的内容。
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二、FHS 标准 FHS 标准主要是希望使软件在安装时，或用户自己能够判断安装和存放文件的位置。
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This standard enables:
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Software to predict the location of installed files and directories Users to predict the location of installed files and directories. 所以，FHS 标准的核心在于确定每个特定的目录下应该放什么内容的文件和数据，并希望 Linux 用户能够遵循该准则。 FHS 标准根据文件系统使用的频繁与否以及是否允许用户随意改动，将目录定义为四种交互作用形态。
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可分享的：可以分享给其他系统挂载使用的目录 不可分享的：与自身机器直接相关的设备文件等，不能分享给其他主机 不变的：数据不常变动的文件 可变动的：经常改变的数据，如登录文件、新闻组等。 在了解了 FHS 准则的大致内容后，我们依据 FHS 准则，介绍根目录（/）下的所有文件夹的作用。
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...</p>
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</div>
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<footer class="entry-footer"><span title='2024-09-30 18:19:44 +0800 CST'>September 30, 2024</span></footer>
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<a class="entry-link" aria-label="post link to Linux目录配置与FHS标准" href="//localhost:1313/posts/linux%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%E4%B8%8Efhs%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86/"></a>
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</article>
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</main>
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<footer class="footer">
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<span>© 2024 <a href="//localhost:1313/">My New Hugo Site</a></span> ·
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Powered by
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<a href="https://gohugo.io/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Hugo</a> &
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