mirror of
https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
synced 2024-12-26 12:46:31 +08:00
79 lines
1.8 KiB
Swift
79 lines
1.8 KiB
Swift
/**
|
||
* File: recursion.swift
|
||
* Created Time: 2023-09-02
|
||
* Author: nuomi1 (nuomi1@qq.com)
|
||
*/
|
||
|
||
/* 递归 */
|
||
func recur(n: Int) -> Int {
|
||
// 终止条件
|
||
if n == 1 {
|
||
return 1
|
||
}
|
||
// 递:递归调用
|
||
let res = recur(n: n - 1)
|
||
// 归:返回结果
|
||
return n + res
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/* 使用迭代模拟递归 */
|
||
func forLoopRecur(n: Int) -> Int {
|
||
// 使用一个显式的栈来模拟系统调用栈
|
||
var stack: [Int] = []
|
||
var res = 0
|
||
// 递:递归调用
|
||
for i in stride(from: n, to: 0, by: -1) {
|
||
// 通过“入栈操作”模拟“递”
|
||
stack.append(i)
|
||
}
|
||
// 归:返回结果
|
||
while !stack.isEmpty {
|
||
// 通过“出栈操作”模拟“归”
|
||
res += stack.removeLast()
|
||
}
|
||
// res = 1+2+3+...+n
|
||
return res
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/* 尾递归 */
|
||
func tailRecur(n: Int, res: Int) -> Int {
|
||
// 终止条件
|
||
if n == 0 {
|
||
return res
|
||
}
|
||
// 尾递归调用
|
||
return tailRecur(n: n - 1, res: res + n)
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/* 斐波那契数列:递归 */
|
||
func fib(n: Int) -> Int {
|
||
// 终止条件 f(1) = 0, f(2) = 1
|
||
if n == 1 || n == 2 {
|
||
return n - 1
|
||
}
|
||
// 递归调用 f(n) = f(n-1) + f(n-2)
|
||
let res = fib(n: n - 1) + fib(n: n - 2)
|
||
// 返回结果 f(n)
|
||
return res
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
@main
|
||
enum Recursion {
|
||
/* Driver Code */
|
||
static func main() {
|
||
let n = 5
|
||
var res = 0
|
||
|
||
res = recursion.recur(n: n)
|
||
print("\n递归函数的求和结果 res = \(res)")
|
||
|
||
res = recursion.forLoopRecur(n: n)
|
||
print("\n使用迭代模拟递归求和结果 res = \(res)")
|
||
|
||
res = recursion.tailRecur(n: n, res: 0)
|
||
print("\n尾递归函数的求和结果 res = \(res)")
|
||
|
||
res = recursion.fib(n: n)
|
||
print("\n斐波那契数列的第 \(n) 项为 \(res)")
|
||
}
|
||
}
|