hello-algo/codes/swift/chapter_dynamic_programming/climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.swift

/**
 * File: climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.swift
 * Created Time: 2023-07-15
 * Author: nuomi1 (nuomi1@qq.com)
 */

/* 带约束爬楼梯：动态规划 */
func climbingStairsConstraintDP(n: Int) -> Int {
    if n == 1 || n == 2 {
        return n
    }
    // 初始化 dp 表，用于存储子问题的解
    var dp = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: 0, count: 3), count: n + 1)
    // 初始状态：预设最小子问题的解
    dp[1][1] = 1
    dp[1][2] = 0
    dp[2][1] = 0
    dp[2][2] = 1
    // 状态转移：从较小子问题逐步求解较大子问题
    for i in stride(from: 3, through: n, by: 1) {
        dp[i][1] = dp[i - 1][2]
        dp[i][2] = dp[i - 2][1] + dp[i - 2][2]
    }
    return dp[n][1] + dp[n][2]
}

@main
enum ClimbingStairsConstraintDP {
    /* Driver Code */
    static func main() {
        let n = 9

        let res = climbingStairsConstraintDP(n: n)
        print("爬 \(n) 阶楼梯共有 \(res) 种方案")
    }
}