mirror of
https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
synced 2024-12-26 11:16:28 +08:00
7359a7cb4b
* feat(swift): review for chapter_computational_complexity * feat(swift): review for chapter_data_structure * feat(swift): review for chapter_array_and_linkedlist * feat(swift): review for chapter_stack_and_queue * feat(swift): review for chapter_hashing * feat(swift): review for chapter_tree * feat(swift): add codes for heap article * feat(swift): review for chapter_heap * feat(swift): review for chapter_graph * feat(swift): review for chapter_searching * feat(swift): review for chapter_sorting * feat(swift): review for chapter_divide_and_conquer * feat(swift): review for chapter_backtracking * feat(swift): review for chapter_dynamic_programming * feat(swift): review for chapter_greedy * feat(swift): review for utils * feat(swift): update ci tool * feat(swift): trailing closure * feat(swift): array init * feat(swift): map index
173 lines
4.7 KiB
Swift
173 lines
4.7 KiB
Swift
/**
|
||
* File: binary_search_tree.swift
|
||
* Created Time: 2023-01-26
|
||
* Author: nuomi1 (nuomi1@qq.com)
|
||
*/
|
||
|
||
import utils
|
||
|
||
/* 二叉搜索树 */
|
||
class BinarySearchTree {
|
||
private var root: TreeNode?
|
||
|
||
/* 构造方法 */
|
||
init() {
|
||
// 初始化空树
|
||
root = nil
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/* 获取二叉树根节点 */
|
||
func getRoot() -> TreeNode? {
|
||
root
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/* 查找节点 */
|
||
func search(num: Int) -> TreeNode? {
|
||
var cur = root
|
||
// 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
|
||
while cur != nil {
|
||
// 目标节点在 cur 的右子树中
|
||
if cur!.val < num {
|
||
cur = cur?.right
|
||
}
|
||
// 目标节点在 cur 的左子树中
|
||
else if cur!.val > num {
|
||
cur = cur?.left
|
||
}
|
||
// 找到目标节点,跳出循环
|
||
else {
|
||
break
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
// 返回目标节点
|
||
return cur
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/* 插入节点 */
|
||
func insert(num: Int) {
|
||
// 若树为空,则初始化根节点
|
||
if root == nil {
|
||
root = TreeNode(x: num)
|
||
return
|
||
}
|
||
var cur = root
|
||
var pre: TreeNode?
|
||
// 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
|
||
while cur != nil {
|
||
// 找到重复节点,直接返回
|
||
if cur!.val == num {
|
||
return
|
||
}
|
||
pre = cur
|
||
// 插入位置在 cur 的右子树中
|
||
if cur!.val < num {
|
||
cur = cur?.right
|
||
}
|
||
// 插入位置在 cur 的左子树中
|
||
else {
|
||
cur = cur?.left
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
// 插入节点
|
||
let node = TreeNode(x: num)
|
||
if pre!.val < num {
|
||
pre?.right = node
|
||
} else {
|
||
pre?.left = node
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/* 删除节点 */
|
||
func remove(num: Int) {
|
||
// 若树为空,直接提前返回
|
||
if root == nil {
|
||
return
|
||
}
|
||
var cur = root
|
||
var pre: TreeNode?
|
||
// 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
|
||
while cur != nil {
|
||
// 找到待删除节点,跳出循环
|
||
if cur!.val == num {
|
||
break
|
||
}
|
||
pre = cur
|
||
// 待删除节点在 cur 的右子树中
|
||
if cur!.val < num {
|
||
cur = cur?.right
|
||
}
|
||
// 待删除节点在 cur 的左子树中
|
||
else {
|
||
cur = cur?.left
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
// 若无待删除节点,则直接返回
|
||
if cur == nil {
|
||
return
|
||
}
|
||
// 子节点数量 = 0 or 1
|
||
if cur?.left == nil || cur?.right == nil {
|
||
// 当子节点数量 = 0 / 1 时, child = null / 该子节点
|
||
let child = cur?.left ?? cur?.right
|
||
// 删除节点 cur
|
||
if cur !== root {
|
||
if pre?.left === cur {
|
||
pre?.left = child
|
||
} else {
|
||
pre?.right = child
|
||
}
|
||
} else {
|
||
// 若删除节点为根节点,则重新指定根节点
|
||
root = child
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
// 子节点数量 = 2
|
||
else {
|
||
// 获取中序遍历中 cur 的下一个节点
|
||
var tmp = cur?.right
|
||
while tmp?.left != nil {
|
||
tmp = tmp?.left
|
||
}
|
||
// 递归删除节点 tmp
|
||
remove(num: tmp!.val)
|
||
// 用 tmp 覆盖 cur
|
||
cur?.val = tmp!.val
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
@main
|
||
enum _BinarySearchTree {
|
||
/* Driver Code */
|
||
static func main() {
|
||
/* 初始化二叉搜索树 */
|
||
let bst = BinarySearchTree()
|
||
// 请注意,不同的插入顺序会生成不同的二叉树,该序列可以生成一个完美二叉树
|
||
let nums = [8, 4, 12, 2, 6, 10, 14, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15]
|
||
for num in nums {
|
||
bst.insert(num: num)
|
||
}
|
||
print("\n初始化的二叉树为\n")
|
||
PrintUtil.printTree(root: bst.getRoot())
|
||
|
||
/* 查找节点 */
|
||
let node = bst.search(num: 7)
|
||
print("\n查找到的节点对象为 \(node!),节点值 = \(node!.val)")
|
||
|
||
/* 插入节点 */
|
||
bst.insert(num: 16)
|
||
print("\n插入节点 16 后,二叉树为\n")
|
||
PrintUtil.printTree(root: bst.getRoot())
|
||
|
||
/* 删除节点 */
|
||
bst.remove(num: 1)
|
||
print("\n删除节点 1 后,二叉树为\n")
|
||
PrintUtil.printTree(root: bst.getRoot())
|
||
bst.remove(num: 2)
|
||
print("\n删除节点 2 后,二叉树为\n")
|
||
PrintUtil.printTree(root: bst.getRoot())
|
||
bst.remove(num: 4)
|
||
print("\n删除节点 4 后,二叉树为\n")
|
||
PrintUtil.printTree(root: bst.getRoot())
|
||
}
|
||
}
|