hello-algo/codes/csharp/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array.cs
Yudong Jin e720aa2d24
feat: Revised the book (#978)
* Sync recent changes to the revised Word.

* Revised the preface chapter

* Revised the introduction chapter

* Revised the computation complexity chapter

* Revised the chapter data structure

* Revised the chapter array and linked list

* Revised the chapter stack and queue

* Revised the chapter hashing

* Revised the chapter tree

* Revised the chapter heap

* Revised the chapter graph

* Revised the chapter searching

* Reivised the sorting chapter

* Revised the divide and conquer chapter

* Revised the chapter backtacking

* Revised the DP chapter

* Revised the greedy chapter

* Revised the appendix chapter

* Revised the preface chapter doubly

* Revised the figures
2023-12-02 06:21:34 +08:00

107 lines
3.1 KiB
C#

// File: array.cs
// Created Time: 2022-12-14
// Author: mingXta (1195669834@qq.com)
namespace hello_algo.chapter_array_and_linkedlist;
public class array {
/* 随机访问元素 */
int RandomAccess(int[] nums) {
Random random = new();
// 在区间 [0, nums.Length) 中随机抽取一个数字
int randomIndex = random.Next(nums.Length);
// 获取并返回随机元素
int randomNum = nums[randomIndex];
return randomNum;
}
/* 扩展数组长度 */
int[] Extend(int[] nums, int enlarge) {
// 初始化一个扩展长度后的数组
int[] res = new int[nums.Length + enlarge];
// 将原数组中的所有元素复制到新数组
for (int i = 0; i < nums.Length; i++) {
res[i] = nums[i];
}
// 返回扩展后的新数组
return res;
}
/* 在数组的索引 index 处插入元素 num */
void Insert(int[] nums, int num, int index) {
// 把索引 index 以及之后的所有元素向后移动一位
for (int i = nums.Length - 1; i > index; i--) {
nums[i] = nums[i - 1];
}
// 将 num 赋给 index 处的元素
nums[index] = num;
}
/* 删除索引 index 处的元素 */
void Remove(int[] nums, int index) {
// 把索引 index 之后的所有元素向前移动一位
for (int i = index; i < nums.Length - 1; i++) {
nums[i] = nums[i + 1];
}
}
/* 遍历数组 */
void Traverse(int[] nums) {
int count = 0;
// 通过索引遍历数组
for (int i = 0; i < nums.Length; i++) {
count += nums[i];
}
// 直接遍历数组元素
foreach (int num in nums) {
count += num;
}
}
/* 在数组中查找指定元素 */
int Find(int[] nums, int target) {
for (int i = 0; i < nums.Length; i++) {
if (nums[i] == target)
return i;
}
return -1;
}
/* 辅助函数,数组转字符串 */
string ToString(int[] nums) {
return string.Join(",", nums);
}
[Test]
public void Test() {
// 初始化数组
int[] arr = new int[5];
Console.WriteLine("数组 arr = " + ToString(arr));
int[] nums = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4];
Console.WriteLine("数组 nums = " + ToString(nums));
// 随机访问
int randomNum = RandomAccess(nums);
Console.WriteLine("在 nums 中获取随机元素 " + randomNum);
// 长度扩展
nums = Extend(nums, 3);
Console.WriteLine("将数组长度扩展至 8 ,得到 nums = " + ToString(nums));
// 插入元素
Insert(nums, 6, 3);
Console.WriteLine("在索引 3 处插入数字 6 ,得到 nums = " + ToString(nums));
// 删除元素
Remove(nums, 2);
Console.WriteLine("删除索引 2 处的元素,得到 nums = " + ToString(nums));
// 遍历数组
Traverse(nums);
// 查找元素
int index = Find(nums, 3);
Console.WriteLine("在 nums 中查找元素 3 ,得到索引 = " + index);
}
}