mirror of
https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
synced 2024-12-27 17:06:29 +08:00
158 lines
3.8 KiB
Dart
158 lines
3.8 KiB
Dart
/**
|
|
* File: binary_search_tree.dart
|
|
* Created Time: 2023-04-04
|
|
* Author: liuyuxin (gvenusleo@gmail.com)
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
import '../utils/print_util.dart';
|
|
import '../utils/tree_node.dart';
|
|
|
|
/* 二叉搜索树 */
|
|
TreeNode? root;
|
|
|
|
void binarySearchTree(List<int> nums) {
|
|
nums.sort(); // 排序数组
|
|
root = buildTree(nums, 0, nums.length - 1); // 构建二叉搜索树
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 获取二叉树的根节点 */
|
|
TreeNode? getRoot() {
|
|
return root;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 构建二叉上搜索树 */
|
|
TreeNode? buildTree(List<int> nums, int i, int j) {
|
|
if (i > j) {
|
|
return null;
|
|
}
|
|
// 将数组中间节点作为根节点
|
|
int mid = (i + j) ~/ 2;
|
|
TreeNode? root = TreeNode(nums[mid]);
|
|
root.left = buildTree(nums, i, mid - 1);
|
|
root.right = buildTree(nums, mid + 1, j);
|
|
return root;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 查找节点 */
|
|
TreeNode? search(int num) {
|
|
TreeNode? cur = root;
|
|
// 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
|
|
while (cur != null) {
|
|
// 目标节点在 cur 的右子树中
|
|
if (cur.val < num)
|
|
cur = cur.right;
|
|
// 目标节点在 cur 的左子树中
|
|
else if (cur.val > num)
|
|
cur = cur.left;
|
|
// 找到目标节点,跳出循环
|
|
else
|
|
break;
|
|
}
|
|
// 返回目标节点
|
|
return cur;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 插入节点 */
|
|
void insert(int num) {
|
|
// 若树为空,直接提前返回
|
|
if (root == null) return;
|
|
TreeNode? cur = root;
|
|
TreeNode? pre = null;
|
|
// 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
|
|
while (cur != null) {
|
|
// 找到重复节点,直接返回
|
|
if (cur.val == num) return;
|
|
pre = cur;
|
|
// 插入位置在 cur 的右子树中
|
|
if (cur.val < num)
|
|
cur = cur.right;
|
|
// 插入位置在 cur 的左子树中
|
|
else
|
|
cur = cur.left;
|
|
}
|
|
// 插入节点
|
|
TreeNode? node = TreeNode(num);
|
|
if (pre!.val < num)
|
|
pre.right = node;
|
|
else
|
|
pre.left = node;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 删除节点 */
|
|
void remove(int num) {
|
|
// 若树为空,直接提前返回
|
|
if (root == null) return;
|
|
|
|
TreeNode? cur = root;
|
|
TreeNode? pre = null;
|
|
// 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
|
|
while (cur != null) {
|
|
// 找到待删除节点,跳出循环
|
|
if (cur.val == num) break;
|
|
pre = cur;
|
|
// 待删除节点在 cur 的右子树中
|
|
if (cur.val < num)
|
|
cur = cur.right;
|
|
// 待删除节点在 cur 的左子树中
|
|
else
|
|
cur = cur.left;
|
|
}
|
|
// 若无待删除节点,直接返回
|
|
if (cur == null) return;
|
|
// 子节点数量 = 0 or 1
|
|
if (cur.left == null || cur.right == null) {
|
|
// 当子节点数量 = 0 / 1 时, child = null / 该子节点
|
|
TreeNode? child = cur.left ?? cur.right;
|
|
// 删除节点 cur
|
|
if (cur != root) {
|
|
if (pre!.left == cur)
|
|
pre.left = child;
|
|
else
|
|
pre.right = child;
|
|
} else {
|
|
// 若删除节点为根节点,则重新指定根节点
|
|
root = child;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
} else {
|
|
// 子节点数量 = 2
|
|
// 获取中序遍历中 cur 的下一个节点
|
|
TreeNode? tmp = cur.right;
|
|
while (tmp!.left != null) {
|
|
tmp = tmp.left;
|
|
}
|
|
// 递归删除节点 tmp
|
|
remove(tmp.val);
|
|
// 用 tmp 覆盖 cur
|
|
cur.val = tmp.val;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Driver Code */
|
|
void main() {
|
|
/* 初始化二叉搜索树 */
|
|
List<int> nums = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15];
|
|
binarySearchTree(nums);
|
|
print("\n初始化的二叉树为\n");
|
|
printTree(getRoot());
|
|
|
|
/* 查找节点 */
|
|
TreeNode? node = search(7);
|
|
print("\n查找到的节点对象为 $node,节点值 = ${node?.val}");
|
|
|
|
/* 插入节点 */
|
|
insert(16);
|
|
print("\n插入节点 16 后,二叉树为\n");
|
|
printTree(getRoot());
|
|
|
|
/* 删除节点 */
|
|
remove(1);
|
|
print("\n删除节点 1 后,二叉树为\n");
|
|
printTree(getRoot());
|
|
remove(2);
|
|
print("\n删除节点 2 后,二叉树为\n");
|
|
printTree(getRoot());
|
|
remove(4);
|
|
print("\n删除节点 4 后,二叉树为\n");
|
|
printTree(getRoot());
|
|
}
|