mirror of
https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
synced 2024-12-26 11:46:29 +08:00
5f7385c8a3
* First commit * Update mkdocs.yml * Translate all the docs to traditional Chinese * Translate the code files. * Translate the docker file * Fix mkdocs.yml * Translate all the figures from SC to TC * 二叉搜尋樹 -> 二元搜尋樹 * Update terminology. * Update terminology * 构造函数/构造方法 -> 建構子 异或 -> 互斥或 * 擴充套件 -> 擴展 * constant - 常量 - 常數 * 類 -> 類別 * AVL -> AVL 樹 * 數組 -> 陣列 * 係統 -> 系統 斐波那契數列 -> 費波那契數列 運算元量 -> 運算量 引數 -> 參數 * 聯絡 -> 關聯 * 麵試 -> 面試 * 面向物件 -> 物件導向 歸併排序 -> 合併排序 范式 -> 範式 * Fix 算法 -> 演算法 * 錶示 -> 表示 反碼 -> 一補數 補碼 -> 二補數 列列尾部 -> 佇列尾部 區域性性 -> 區域性 一摞 -> 一疊 * Synchronize with main branch * 賬號 -> 帳號 推匯 -> 推導 * Sync with main branch * First commit * Update mkdocs.yml * Translate all the docs to traditional Chinese * Translate the code files. * Translate the docker file * Fix mkdocs.yml * Translate all the figures from SC to TC * 二叉搜尋樹 -> 二元搜尋樹 * Update terminology * 构造函数/构造方法 -> 建構子 异或 -> 互斥或 * 擴充套件 -> 擴展 * constant - 常量 - 常數 * 類 -> 類別 * AVL -> AVL 樹 * 數組 -> 陣列 * 係統 -> 系統 斐波那契數列 -> 費波那契數列 運算元量 -> 運算量 引數 -> 參數 * 聯絡 -> 關聯 * 麵試 -> 面試 * 面向物件 -> 物件導向 歸併排序 -> 合併排序 范式 -> 範式 * Fix 算法 -> 演算法 * 錶示 -> 表示 反碼 -> 一補數 補碼 -> 二補數 列列尾部 -> 佇列尾部 區域性性 -> 區域性 一摞 -> 一疊 * Synchronize with main branch * 賬號 -> 帳號 推匯 -> 推導 * Sync with main branch * Update terminology.md * 操作数量(num. of operations)-> 操作數量 * 字首和->前綴和 * Update figures * 歸 -> 迴 記憶體洩漏 -> 記憶體流失 * Fix the bug of the file filter * 支援 -> 支持 Add zh-Hant/README.md * Add the zh-Hant chapter covers. Bug fixes. * 外掛 -> 擴充功能 * Add the landing page for zh-Hant version * Unify the font of the chapter covers for the zh, en, and zh-Hant version * Move zh-Hant/ to zh-hant/ * Translate terminology.md to traditional Chinese
179 lines
4.3 KiB
C
179 lines
4.3 KiB
C
/**
|
||
* File: time_complexity.c
|
||
* Created Time: 2023-01-03
|
||
* Author: codingonion (coderonion@gmail.com)
|
||
*/
|
||
|
||
#include "../utils/common.h"
|
||
|
||
/* 常數階 */
|
||
int constant(int n) {
|
||
int count = 0;
|
||
int size = 100000;
|
||
int i = 0;
|
||
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
|
||
count++;
|
||
}
|
||
return count;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/* 線性階 */
|
||
int linear(int n) {
|
||
int count = 0;
|
||
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
|
||
count++;
|
||
}
|
||
return count;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/* 線性階(走訪陣列) */
|
||
int arrayTraversal(int *nums, int n) {
|
||
int count = 0;
|
||
// 迴圈次數與陣列長度成正比
|
||
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
|
||
count++;
|
||
}
|
||
return count;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/* 平方階 */
|
||
int quadratic(int n) {
|
||
int count = 0;
|
||
// 迴圈次數與資料大小 n 成平方關係
|
||
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
|
||
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
|
||
count++;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
return count;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/* 平方階(泡沫排序) */
|
||
int bubbleSort(int *nums, int n) {
|
||
int count = 0; // 計數器
|
||
// 外迴圈:未排序區間為 [0, i]
|
||
for (int i = n - 1; i > 0; i--) {
|
||
// 內迴圈:將未排序區間 [0, i] 中的最大元素交換至該區間的最右端
|
||
for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) {
|
||
if (nums[j] > nums[j + 1]) {
|
||
// 交換 nums[j] 與 nums[j + 1]
|
||
int tmp = nums[j];
|
||
nums[j] = nums[j + 1];
|
||
nums[j + 1] = tmp;
|
||
count += 3; // 元素交換包含 3 個單元操作
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
return count;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/* 指數階(迴圈實現) */
|
||
int exponential(int n) {
|
||
int count = 0;
|
||
int bas = 1;
|
||
// 細胞每輪一分為二,形成數列 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)
|
||
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
|
||
for (int j = 0; j < bas; j++) {
|
||
count++;
|
||
}
|
||
bas *= 2;
|
||
}
|
||
// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1
|
||
return count;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/* 指數階(遞迴實現) */
|
||
int expRecur(int n) {
|
||
if (n == 1)
|
||
return 1;
|
||
return expRecur(n - 1) + expRecur(n - 1) + 1;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/* 對數階(迴圈實現) */
|
||
int logarithmic(int n) {
|
||
int count = 0;
|
||
while (n > 1) {
|
||
n = n / 2;
|
||
count++;
|
||
}
|
||
return count;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/* 對數階(遞迴實現) */
|
||
int logRecur(int n) {
|
||
if (n <= 1)
|
||
return 0;
|
||
return logRecur(n / 2) + 1;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/* 線性對數階 */
|
||
int linearLogRecur(int n) {
|
||
if (n <= 1)
|
||
return 1;
|
||
int count = linearLogRecur(n / 2) + linearLogRecur(n / 2);
|
||
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
|
||
count++;
|
||
}
|
||
return count;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/* 階乘階(遞迴實現) */
|
||
int factorialRecur(int n) {
|
||
if (n == 0)
|
||
return 1;
|
||
int count = 0;
|
||
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
|
||
count += factorialRecur(n - 1);
|
||
}
|
||
return count;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/* Driver Code */
|
||
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
|
||
// 可以修改 n 執行,體會一下各種複雜度的操作數量變化趨勢
|
||
int n = 8;
|
||
printf("輸入資料大小 n = %d\n", n);
|
||
|
||
int count = constant(n);
|
||
printf("常數階的操作數量 = %d\n", count);
|
||
|
||
count = linear(n);
|
||
printf("線性階的操作數量 = %d\n", count);
|
||
// 分配堆積區記憶體(建立一維可變長陣列:陣列中元素數量為 n ,元素型別為 int )
|
||
int *nums = (int *)malloc(n * sizeof(int));
|
||
count = arrayTraversal(nums, n);
|
||
printf("線性階(走訪陣列)的操作數量 = %d\n", count);
|
||
|
||
count = quadratic(n);
|
||
printf("平方階的操作數量 = %d\n", count);
|
||
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
|
||
nums[i] = n - i; // [n,n-1,...,2,1]
|
||
}
|
||
count = bubbleSort(nums, n);
|
||
printf("平方階(泡沫排序)的操作數量 = %d\n", count);
|
||
|
||
count = exponential(n);
|
||
printf("指數階(迴圈實現)的操作數量 = %d\n", count);
|
||
count = expRecur(n);
|
||
printf("指數階(遞迴實現)的操作數量 = %d\n", count);
|
||
|
||
count = logarithmic(n);
|
||
printf("對數階(迴圈實現)的操作數量 = %d\n", count);
|
||
count = logRecur(n);
|
||
printf("對數階(遞迴實現)的操作數量 = %d\n", count);
|
||
|
||
count = linearLogRecur(n);
|
||
printf("線性對數階(遞迴實現)的操作數量 = %d\n", count);
|
||
|
||
count = factorialRecur(n);
|
||
printf("階乘階(遞迴實現)的操作數量 = %d\n", count);
|
||
|
||
// 釋放堆積區記憶體
|
||
if (nums != NULL) {
|
||
free(nums);
|
||
nums = NULL;
|
||
}
|
||
getchar();
|
||
|
||
return 0;
|
||
}
|