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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_preface/about_the_book/" class="md-nav__link">
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0.1. 关于本书
|
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|
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</li>
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_preface/suggestions/" class="md-nav__link">
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0.2. 如何使用本书
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</a>
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_preface/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
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0.3. 小结
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|
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</ul>
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1. 初识算法
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1.1. 算法无处不在
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1.2. 算法是什么
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1.3. 小结
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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2. 复杂度
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/performance_evaluation/" class="md-nav__link">
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2.1. 算法效率评估
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</a>
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</li>
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/" class="md-nav__link">
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2.2. 时间复杂度
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</a>
|
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</li>
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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2.3. 空间复杂度
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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2.4. 小结
|
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|
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|
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</ul>
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</nav>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_4" >
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|
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|
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|
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
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<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/">3. 数据结构</a>
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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</div>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_4_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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3. 数据结构
|
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</label>
|
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/classification_of_data_structure/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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3.1. 数据结构分类
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/basic_data_types/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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3.2. 基本数据类型
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/number_encoding/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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3.3. 数字编码 *
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/character_encoding/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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3.4. 字符编码 *
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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3.5. 小结
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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</ul>
|
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</nav>
|
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</li>
|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_5" >
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|
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|
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|
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
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<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/">4. 数组与链表</a>
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|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</div>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_5_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_5">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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4. 数组与链表
|
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</label>
|
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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4.1. 数组
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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4.2. 链表
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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4.3. 列表
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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4.4. 小结
|
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</a>
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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</ul>
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</nav>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
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<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/">5. 栈与队列</a>
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<label for="__nav_6">
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_6_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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5. 栈与队列
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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5.1. 栈
|
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|
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</li>
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/queue/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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5.2. 队列
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/deque/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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5.3. 双向队列
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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5.4. 小结
|
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</ul>
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</nav>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--nested">
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
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<a href="../">6. 散列表</a>
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6. 散列表
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../hash_map/" class="md-nav__link">
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6.1. 哈希表（New）
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</li>
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6.2. 哈希冲突（New）
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</label>
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<a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
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6.2. 哈希冲突（New）
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<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="目录">
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目录
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#621" class="md-nav__link">
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6.2.1. 链式地址
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#622" class="md-nav__link">
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6.2.2. 开放寻址
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<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="6.2.2. 开放寻址">
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<a href="#_1" class="md-nav__link">
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线性探测
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#_2" class="md-nav__link">
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多次哈希
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</li>
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</ul>
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</ul>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../hash_algorithm/" class="md-nav__link">
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6.3. 哈希算法（New）
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</a>
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</li>
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
6.4. 小结
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_8" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_tree/">7. 树</a>
|
||
|
||
<label for="__nav_8">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
</label>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_8_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
||
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_8">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
7. 树
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
7.1. 二叉树
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
7.2. 二叉树遍历
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_tree/array_representation_of_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
7.3. 二叉树数组表示
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
7.4. 二叉搜索树
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_tree/avl_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
7.5. AVL 树 *
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_tree/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
7.6. 小结
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_9" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_heap/">8. 堆</a>
|
||
|
||
<label for="__nav_9">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
</label>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_9_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
||
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_9">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
8. 堆
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_heap/heap/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
8.1. 堆
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_heap/build_heap/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
8.2. 建堆操作
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_heap/top_k/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
8.3. Top-K 问题（New）
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_heap/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
8.4. 小结
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_10" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_graph/">9. 图</a>
|
||
|
||
<label for="__nav_10">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
</label>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_10_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
||
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_10">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
9. 图
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
9.1. 图
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph_operations/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
9.2. 图基础操作
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph_traversal/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
9.3. 图的遍历
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_graph/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
9.4. 小结
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_11" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_searching/">10. 搜索</a>
|
||
|
||
<label for="__nav_11">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
</label>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_11_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
||
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_11">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
10. 搜索
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_searching/binary_search/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
10.1. 二分查找
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_searching/binary_search_edge/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
10.2. 二分查找边界
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_searching/replace_linear_by_hashing/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
10.3. 哈希优化策略
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_searching/searching_algorithm_revisited/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
10.4. 重识搜索算法
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_searching/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
10.5. 小结
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_12" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/">11. 排序</a>
|
||
|
||
<label for="__nav_12">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
</label>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_12_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
||
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_12">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
11. 排序
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/sorting_algorithm/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
11.1. 排序算法
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/selection_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
11.2. 选择排序
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/bubble_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
11.3. 冒泡排序
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/insertion_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
11.4. 插入排序
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/quick_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
11.5. 快速排序
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/merge_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
11.6. 归并排序
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/heap_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
11.7. 堆排序
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/bucket_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
11.8. 桶排序
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/counting_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
11.9. 计数排序
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/radix_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
11.10. 基数排序
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
11.11. 小结
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_13" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/">12. 回溯</a>
|
||
|
||
<label for="__nav_13">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
</label>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_13_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
||
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_13">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
12. 回溯
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
12.1. 回溯算法
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/permutations_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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12.2. 全排列问题
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12.5. 小结
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6.2.1. 链式地址
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多次哈希
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<a href="https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo/tree/main/docs/chapter_hashing/hash_collision.md" title="编辑此页" class="md-content__button md-icon">
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M10 20H6V4h7v5h5v3.1l2-2V8l-6-6H6c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v16c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h4v-2m10.2-7c.1 0 .3.1.4.2l1.3 1.3c.2.2.2.6 0 .8l-1 1-2.1-2.1 1-1c.1-.1.2-.2.4-.2m0 3.9L14.1 23H12v-2.1l6.1-6.1 2.1 2.1Z"/></svg>
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|
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<h1 id="62">6.2. 哈希冲突<a class="headerlink" href="#62" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h1>
|
||
<p>上节提到，<strong>通常情况下哈希函数的输入空间远大于输出空间</strong>，因此哈希冲突是不可避免的。例如，输入空间为全体整数，输出空间为数组容量大小，则必然有多个整数映射至同一数组索引。</p>
|
||
<p>哈希冲突会导致查询结果错误，严重影响哈希表的可用性。为解决该问题，我们可以每当遇到哈希冲突时就进行哈希表扩容，直至冲突消失为止。此方法简单粗暴且有效，但效率太低，因为哈希表扩容需要进行大量的数据搬运与哈希值计算。为了提升效率，我们换一种思路：</p>
|
||
<ol>
|
||
<li>改良哈希表数据结构，<strong>使得哈希表可以在存在哈希冲突时正常工作</strong>。</li>
|
||
<li>仅在必要时，即当哈希冲突比较严重时，执行扩容操作。</li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
<p>哈希表的结构改良方法主要包括链式地址和开放寻址。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="621">6.2.1. 链式地址<a class="headerlink" href="#621" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<p>在原始哈希表中，每个桶仅能存储一个键值对。「链式地址 Separate Chaining」将单个元素转换为链表，将键值对作为链表节点，将所有发生冲突的键值对都存储在同一链表中。</p>
|
||
<p><img alt="链式地址哈希表" src="../hash_collision.assets/hash_table_chaining.png" /></p>
|
||
<p align="center"> Fig. 链式地址哈希表 </p>
|
||
|
||
<p>链式地址下，哈希表的操作方法包括：</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><strong>查询元素</strong>：输入 <code>key</code> ，经过哈希函数得到数组索引，即可访问链表头节点，然后遍历链表并对比 <code>key</code> 以查找目标键值对。</li>
|
||
<li><strong>添加元素</strong>：先通过哈希函数访问链表头节点，然后将节点（即键值对）添加到链表中。</li>
|
||
<li><strong>删除元素</strong>：根据哈希函数的结果访问链表头部，接着遍历链表以查找目标节点，并将其删除。</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>该方法存在一些局限性，包括：</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><strong>占用空间增大</strong>，由于链表或二叉树包含节点指针，相比数组更加耗费内存空间；</li>
|
||
<li><strong>查询效率降低</strong>，因为需要线性遍历链表来查找对应元素；</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>以下给出了链式地址哈希表的简单实现，需要注意：</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>为了使得代码尽量简短，我们使用列表（动态数组）代替链表。换句话说，哈希表（数组）包含多个桶，每个桶都是一个列表。</li>
|
||
<li>以下代码实现了哈希表扩容方法。具体来看，当负载因子超过 <span class="arithmatex">\(0.75\)</span> 时，我们将哈希表扩容至 <span class="arithmatex">\(2\)</span> 倍。</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:11"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">JavaScript</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">TypeScript</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Zig</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">Dart</label></div>
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<div class="tabbed-content">
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<div class="tabbed-block">
|
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 链式地址哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">HashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">>></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">HashMapChaining</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3.0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o"><></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o"><></span><span class="p">());</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-18" name="__codelineno-0-18" href="#__codelineno-0-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-19" name="__codelineno-0-19" href="#__codelineno-0-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-20" name="__codelineno-0-20" href="#__codelineno-0-20"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-21" name="__codelineno-0-21" href="#__codelineno-0-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-22" name="__codelineno-0-22" href="#__codelineno-0-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-23" name="__codelineno-0-23" href="#__codelineno-0-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-24" name="__codelineno-0-24" href="#__codelineno-0-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-25" name="__codelineno-0-25" href="#__codelineno-0-25"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-26" name="__codelineno-0-26" href="#__codelineno-0-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-27" name="__codelineno-0-27" href="#__codelineno-0-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-28" name="__codelineno-0-28" href="#__codelineno-0-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-29" name="__codelineno-0-29" href="#__codelineno-0-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-30" name="__codelineno-0-30" href="#__codelineno-0-30"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-31" name="__codelineno-0-31" href="#__codelineno-0-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-32" name="__codelineno-0-32" href="#__codelineno-0-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-33" name="__codelineno-0-33" href="#__codelineno-0-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-34" name="__codelineno-0-34" href="#__codelineno-0-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-35" name="__codelineno-0-35" href="#__codelineno-0-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若找到 key 则返回对应 val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-36" name="__codelineno-0-36" href="#__codelineno-0-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-37" name="__codelineno-0-37" href="#__codelineno-0-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-38" name="__codelineno-0-38" href="#__codelineno-0-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-39" name="__codelineno-0-39" href="#__codelineno-0-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-40" name="__codelineno-0-40" href="#__codelineno-0-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-41" name="__codelineno-0-41" href="#__codelineno-0-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到 key 则返回 null</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-42" name="__codelineno-0-42" href="#__codelineno-0-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-43" name="__codelineno-0-43" href="#__codelineno-0-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-44" name="__codelineno-0-44" href="#__codelineno-0-44"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-45" name="__codelineno-0-45" href="#__codelineno-0-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-46" name="__codelineno-0-46" href="#__codelineno-0-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-47" name="__codelineno-0-47" href="#__codelineno-0-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-48" name="__codelineno-0-48" href="#__codelineno-0-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-49" name="__codelineno-0-49" href="#__codelineno-0-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-50" name="__codelineno-0-50" href="#__codelineno-0-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-51" name="__codelineno-0-51" href="#__codelineno-0-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-52" name="__codelineno-0-52" href="#__codelineno-0-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-53" name="__codelineno-0-53" href="#__codelineno-0-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val 并返回</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-54" name="__codelineno-0-54" href="#__codelineno-0-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-55" name="__codelineno-0-55" href="#__codelineno-0-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-56" name="__codelineno-0-56" href="#__codelineno-0-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-57" name="__codelineno-0-57" href="#__codelineno-0-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-58" name="__codelineno-0-58" href="#__codelineno-0-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-59" name="__codelineno-0-59" href="#__codelineno-0-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-60" name="__codelineno-0-60" href="#__codelineno-0-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若无该 key ，则将键值对添加至尾部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-61" name="__codelineno-0-61" href="#__codelineno-0-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-62" name="__codelineno-0-62" href="#__codelineno-0-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-63" name="__codelineno-0-63" href="#__codelineno-0-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-64" name="__codelineno-0-64" href="#__codelineno-0-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-65" name="__codelineno-0-65" href="#__codelineno-0-65"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-66" name="__codelineno-0-66" href="#__codelineno-0-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-67" name="__codelineno-0-67" href="#__codelineno-0-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-68" name="__codelineno-0-68" href="#__codelineno-0-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-69" name="__codelineno-0-69" href="#__codelineno-0-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-70" name="__codelineno-0-70" href="#__codelineno-0-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，从中删除键值对</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-71" name="__codelineno-0-71" href="#__codelineno-0-71"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-72" name="__codelineno-0-72" href="#__codelineno-0-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-73" name="__codelineno-0-73" href="#__codelineno-0-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-74" name="__codelineno-0-74" href="#__codelineno-0-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-75" name="__codelineno-0-75" href="#__codelineno-0-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-76" name="__codelineno-0-76" href="#__codelineno-0-76"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-77" name="__codelineno-0-77" href="#__codelineno-0-77"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-78" name="__codelineno-0-78" href="#__codelineno-0-78"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-79" name="__codelineno-0-79" href="#__codelineno-0-79"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-80" name="__codelineno-0-80" href="#__codelineno-0-80"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-81" name="__codelineno-0-81" href="#__codelineno-0-81"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">>></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-82" name="__codelineno-0-82" href="#__codelineno-0-82"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-83" name="__codelineno-0-83" href="#__codelineno-0-83"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-84" name="__codelineno-0-84" href="#__codelineno-0-84"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o"><></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-85" name="__codelineno-0-85" href="#__codelineno-0-85"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-86" name="__codelineno-0-86" href="#__codelineno-0-86"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o"><></span><span class="p">());</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-87" name="__codelineno-0-87" href="#__codelineno-0-87"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-88" name="__codelineno-0-88" href="#__codelineno-0-88"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-89" name="__codelineno-0-89" href="#__codelineno-0-89"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-90" name="__codelineno-0-90" href="#__codelineno-0-90"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-91" name="__codelineno-0-91" href="#__codelineno-0-91"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-92" name="__codelineno-0-92" href="#__codelineno-0-92"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-93" name="__codelineno-0-93" href="#__codelineno-0-93"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-94" name="__codelineno-0-94" href="#__codelineno-0-94"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-95" name="__codelineno-0-95" href="#__codelineno-0-95"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-96" name="__codelineno-0-96" href="#__codelineno-0-96"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-97" name="__codelineno-0-97" href="#__codelineno-0-97"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-98" name="__codelineno-0-98" href="#__codelineno-0-98"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-99" name="__codelineno-0-99" href="#__codelineno-0-99"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-100" name="__codelineno-0-100" href="#__codelineno-0-100"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o"><></span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-101" name="__codelineno-0-101" href="#__codelineno-0-101"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-102" name="__codelineno-0-102" href="#__codelineno-0-102"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">" -> "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-103" name="__codelineno-0-103" href="#__codelineno-0-103"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-104" name="__codelineno-0-104" href="#__codelineno-0-104"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">System</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">out</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-105" name="__codelineno-0-105" href="#__codelineno-0-105"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-106" name="__codelineno-0-106" href="#__codelineno-0-106"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-107" name="__codelineno-0-107" href="#__codelineno-0-107"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 链式地址哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">HashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="o">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*>></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashMapChaining</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">2.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">resize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-21" name="__codelineno-1-21" href="#__codelineno-1-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-22" name="__codelineno-1-22" href="#__codelineno-1-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-23" name="__codelineno-1-23" href="#__codelineno-1-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-24" name="__codelineno-1-24" href="#__codelineno-1-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-25" name="__codelineno-1-25" href="#__codelineno-1-25"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-26" name="__codelineno-1-26" href="#__codelineno-1-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-27" name="__codelineno-1-27" href="#__codelineno-1-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-28" name="__codelineno-1-28" href="#__codelineno-1-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-29" name="__codelineno-1-29" href="#__codelineno-1-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若找到 key 则返回对应 val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-30" name="__codelineno-1-30" href="#__codelineno-1-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-31" name="__codelineno-1-31" href="#__codelineno-1-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-32" name="__codelineno-1-32" href="#__codelineno-1-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-33" name="__codelineno-1-33" href="#__codelineno-1-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-34" name="__codelineno-1-34" href="#__codelineno-1-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-35" name="__codelineno-1-35" href="#__codelineno-1-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到 key 则返回 nullptr</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-36" name="__codelineno-1-36" href="#__codelineno-1-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-37" name="__codelineno-1-37" href="#__codelineno-1-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-38" name="__codelineno-1-38" href="#__codelineno-1-38"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-39" name="__codelineno-1-39" href="#__codelineno-1-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-40" name="__codelineno-1-40" href="#__codelineno-1-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-41" name="__codelineno-1-41" href="#__codelineno-1-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-42" name="__codelineno-1-42" href="#__codelineno-1-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-43" name="__codelineno-1-43" href="#__codelineno-1-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-44" name="__codelineno-1-44" href="#__codelineno-1-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-45" name="__codelineno-1-45" href="#__codelineno-1-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-46" name="__codelineno-1-46" href="#__codelineno-1-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val 并返回</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-47" name="__codelineno-1-47" href="#__codelineno-1-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-48" name="__codelineno-1-48" href="#__codelineno-1-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-49" name="__codelineno-1-49" href="#__codelineno-1-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-50" name="__codelineno-1-50" href="#__codelineno-1-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-51" name="__codelineno-1-51" href="#__codelineno-1-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-52" name="__codelineno-1-52" href="#__codelineno-1-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-53" name="__codelineno-1-53" href="#__codelineno-1-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若无该 key ，则将键值对添加至尾部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-54" name="__codelineno-1-54" href="#__codelineno-1-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">));</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-55" name="__codelineno-1-55" href="#__codelineno-1-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-56" name="__codelineno-1-56" href="#__codelineno-1-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-57" name="__codelineno-1-57" href="#__codelineno-1-57"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-58" name="__codelineno-1-58" href="#__codelineno-1-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-59" name="__codelineno-1-59" href="#__codelineno-1-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-60" name="__codelineno-1-60" href="#__codelineno-1-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-61" name="__codelineno-1-61" href="#__codelineno-1-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-62" name="__codelineno-1-62" href="#__codelineno-1-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，从中删除键值对</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-63" name="__codelineno-1-63" href="#__codelineno-1-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-64" name="__codelineno-1-64" href="#__codelineno-1-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-65" name="__codelineno-1-65" href="#__codelineno-1-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-66" name="__codelineno-1-66" href="#__codelineno-1-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">erase</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 从中删除键值对</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-67" name="__codelineno-1-67" href="#__codelineno-1-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 释放内存</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-68" name="__codelineno-1-68" href="#__codelineno-1-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-69" name="__codelineno-1-69" href="#__codelineno-1-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-70" name="__codelineno-1-70" href="#__codelineno-1-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-71" name="__codelineno-1-71" href="#__codelineno-1-71"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-72" name="__codelineno-1-72" href="#__codelineno-1-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-73" name="__codelineno-1-73" href="#__codelineno-1-73"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-74" name="__codelineno-1-74" href="#__codelineno-1-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-75" name="__codelineno-1-75" href="#__codelineno-1-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-76" name="__codelineno-1-76" href="#__codelineno-1-76"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-77" name="__codelineno-1-77" href="#__codelineno-1-77"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*>></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-78" name="__codelineno-1-78" href="#__codelineno-1-78"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-79" name="__codelineno-1-79" href="#__codelineno-1-79"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-80" name="__codelineno-1-80" href="#__codelineno-1-80"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clear</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-81" name="__codelineno-1-81" href="#__codelineno-1-81"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">resize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-82" name="__codelineno-1-82" href="#__codelineno-1-82"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-83" name="__codelineno-1-83" href="#__codelineno-1-83"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-84" name="__codelineno-1-84" href="#__codelineno-1-84"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-85" name="__codelineno-1-85" href="#__codelineno-1-85"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-86" name="__codelineno-1-86" href="#__codelineno-1-86"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-87" name="__codelineno-1-87" href="#__codelineno-1-87"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-88" name="__codelineno-1-88" href="#__codelineno-1-88"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-89" name="__codelineno-1-89" href="#__codelineno-1-89"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-90" name="__codelineno-1-90" href="#__codelineno-1-90"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-91" name="__codelineno-1-91" href="#__codelineno-1-91"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-92" name="__codelineno-1-92" href="#__codelineno-1-92"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-93" name="__codelineno-1-93" href="#__codelineno-1-93"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-94" name="__codelineno-1-94" href="#__codelineno-1-94"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"["</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-95" name="__codelineno-1-95" href="#__codelineno-1-95"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-96" name="__codelineno-1-96" href="#__codelineno-1-96"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">" -> "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">", "</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-97" name="__codelineno-1-97" href="#__codelineno-1-97"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-98" name="__codelineno-1-98" href="#__codelineno-1-98"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"]</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-99" name="__codelineno-1-99" href="#__codelineno-1-99"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-100" name="__codelineno-1-100" href="#__codelineno-1-100"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-101" name="__codelineno-1-101" href="#__codelineno-1-101"></a><span class="p">};</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">HashMapChaining</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""链式地址哈希表"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""构造方法"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1"># 键值对数量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">4</span> <span class="c1"># 哈希表容量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load_thres</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">3</span> <span class="c1"># 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">extend_ratio</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="c1"># 扩容倍数</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[[]</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)]</span> <span class="c1"># 桶数组</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""哈希函数"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">load_factor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""负载因子"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""查询操作"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-22" name="__codelineno-2-22" href="#__codelineno-2-22"></a> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-23" name="__codelineno-2-23" href="#__codelineno-2-23"></a> <span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-24" name="__codelineno-2-24" href="#__codelineno-2-24"></a> <span class="c1"># 遍历桶，若找到 key 则返回对应 val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-25" name="__codelineno-2-25" href="#__codelineno-2-25"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-26" name="__codelineno-2-26" href="#__codelineno-2-26"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-27" name="__codelineno-2-27" href="#__codelineno-2-27"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-28" name="__codelineno-2-28" href="#__codelineno-2-28"></a> <span class="c1"># 若未找到 key 则返回 None</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-29" name="__codelineno-2-29" href="#__codelineno-2-29"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-30" name="__codelineno-2-30" href="#__codelineno-2-30"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-31" name="__codelineno-2-31" href="#__codelineno-2-31"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-32" name="__codelineno-2-32" href="#__codelineno-2-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""添加操作"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-33" name="__codelineno-2-33" href="#__codelineno-2-33"></a> <span class="c1"># 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-34" name="__codelineno-2-34" href="#__codelineno-2-34"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load_factor</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">></span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load_thres</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-35" name="__codelineno-2-35" href="#__codelineno-2-35"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-36" name="__codelineno-2-36" href="#__codelineno-2-36"></a> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-37" name="__codelineno-2-37" href="#__codelineno-2-37"></a> <span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-38" name="__codelineno-2-38" href="#__codelineno-2-38"></a> <span class="c1"># 遍历桶，若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val 并返回</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-39" name="__codelineno-2-39" href="#__codelineno-2-39"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-40" name="__codelineno-2-40" href="#__codelineno-2-40"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-41" name="__codelineno-2-41" href="#__codelineno-2-41"></a> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-42" name="__codelineno-2-42" href="#__codelineno-2-42"></a> <span class="k">return</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-43" name="__codelineno-2-43" href="#__codelineno-2-43"></a> <span class="c1"># 若无该 key ，则将键值对添加至尾部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-44" name="__codelineno-2-44" href="#__codelineno-2-44"></a> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-45" name="__codelineno-2-45" href="#__codelineno-2-45"></a> <span class="n">bucket</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-46" name="__codelineno-2-46" href="#__codelineno-2-46"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-47" name="__codelineno-2-47" href="#__codelineno-2-47"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-48" name="__codelineno-2-48" href="#__codelineno-2-48"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-49" name="__codelineno-2-49" href="#__codelineno-2-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""删除操作"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-50" name="__codelineno-2-50" href="#__codelineno-2-50"></a> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-51" name="__codelineno-2-51" href="#__codelineno-2-51"></a> <span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-52" name="__codelineno-2-52" href="#__codelineno-2-52"></a> <span class="c1"># 遍历桶，从中删除键值对</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-53" name="__codelineno-2-53" href="#__codelineno-2-53"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-54" name="__codelineno-2-54" href="#__codelineno-2-54"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-55" name="__codelineno-2-55" href="#__codelineno-2-55"></a> <span class="n">bucket</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-56" name="__codelineno-2-56" href="#__codelineno-2-56"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-57" name="__codelineno-2-57" href="#__codelineno-2-57"></a> <span class="k">return</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-58" name="__codelineno-2-58" href="#__codelineno-2-58"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-59" name="__codelineno-2-59" href="#__codelineno-2-59"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-60" name="__codelineno-2-60" href="#__codelineno-2-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""扩容哈希表"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-61" name="__codelineno-2-61" href="#__codelineno-2-61"></a> <span class="c1"># 暂存原哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-62" name="__codelineno-2-62" href="#__codelineno-2-62"></a> <span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-63" name="__codelineno-2-63" href="#__codelineno-2-63"></a> <span class="c1"># 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-64" name="__codelineno-2-64" href="#__codelineno-2-64"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span> <span class="o">*=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">extend_ratio</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-65" name="__codelineno-2-65" href="#__codelineno-2-65"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[[]</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-66" name="__codelineno-2-66" href="#__codelineno-2-66"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-67" name="__codelineno-2-67" href="#__codelineno-2-67"></a> <span class="c1"># 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-68" name="__codelineno-2-68" href="#__codelineno-2-68"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-69" name="__codelineno-2-69" href="#__codelineno-2-69"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-70" name="__codelineno-2-70" href="#__codelineno-2-70"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-71" name="__codelineno-2-71" href="#__codelineno-2-71"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-72" name="__codelineno-2-72" href="#__codelineno-2-72"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-73" name="__codelineno-2-73" href="#__codelineno-2-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""打印哈希表"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-74" name="__codelineno-2-74" href="#__codelineno-2-74"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-75" name="__codelineno-2-75" href="#__codelineno-2-75"></a> <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-76" name="__codelineno-2-76" href="#__codelineno-2-76"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-77" name="__codelineno-2-77" href="#__codelineno-2-77"></a> <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">" -> "</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-78" name="__codelineno-2-78" href="#__codelineno-2-78"></a> <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 链式地址哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">float64</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[][]</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newHashMapChaining</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][]</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&</span><span class="nx">hashMapChaining</span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">loadThres</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3.0</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-20" name="__codelineno-3-20" href="#__codelineno-3-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-21" name="__codelineno-3-21" href="#__codelineno-3-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-22" name="__codelineno-3-22" href="#__codelineno-3-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-23" name="__codelineno-3-23" href="#__codelineno-3-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-24" name="__codelineno-3-24" href="#__codelineno-3-24"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-25" name="__codelineno-3-25" href="#__codelineno-3-25"></a><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-26" name="__codelineno-3-26" href="#__codelineno-3-26"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapChaining</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-27" name="__codelineno-3-27" href="#__codelineno-3-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-28" name="__codelineno-3-28" href="#__codelineno-3-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-29" name="__codelineno-3-29" href="#__codelineno-3-29"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-30" name="__codelineno-3-30" href="#__codelineno-3-30"></a><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-31" name="__codelineno-3-31" href="#__codelineno-3-31"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapChaining</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">float64</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-32" name="__codelineno-3-32" href="#__codelineno-3-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-33" name="__codelineno-3-33" href="#__codelineno-3-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-34" name="__codelineno-3-34" href="#__codelineno-3-34"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-35" name="__codelineno-3-35" href="#__codelineno-3-35"></a><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-36" name="__codelineno-3-36" href="#__codelineno-3-36"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapChaining</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-37" name="__codelineno-3-37" href="#__codelineno-3-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-38" name="__codelineno-3-38" href="#__codelineno-3-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-39" name="__codelineno-3-39" href="#__codelineno-3-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若找到 key 则返回对应 val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-40" name="__codelineno-3-40" href="#__codelineno-3-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-41" name="__codelineno-3-41" href="#__codelineno-3-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-42" name="__codelineno-3-42" href="#__codelineno-3-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-43" name="__codelineno-3-43" href="#__codelineno-3-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-44" name="__codelineno-3-44" href="#__codelineno-3-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-45" name="__codelineno-3-45" href="#__codelineno-3-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到 key 则返回空字符串</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-46" name="__codelineno-3-46" href="#__codelineno-3-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-47" name="__codelineno-3-47" href="#__codelineno-3-47"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-48" name="__codelineno-3-48" href="#__codelineno-3-48"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-49" name="__codelineno-3-49" href="#__codelineno-3-49"></a><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-50" name="__codelineno-3-50" href="#__codelineno-3-50"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapChaining</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-51" name="__codelineno-3-51" href="#__codelineno-3-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-52" name="__codelineno-3-52" href="#__codelineno-3-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-53" name="__codelineno-3-53" href="#__codelineno-3-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-54" name="__codelineno-3-54" href="#__codelineno-3-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-55" name="__codelineno-3-55" href="#__codelineno-3-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-56" name="__codelineno-3-56" href="#__codelineno-3-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val 并返回</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-57" name="__codelineno-3-57" href="#__codelineno-3-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-58" name="__codelineno-3-58" href="#__codelineno-3-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-59" name="__codelineno-3-59" href="#__codelineno-3-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-60" name="__codelineno-3-60" href="#__codelineno-3-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-61" name="__codelineno-3-61" href="#__codelineno-3-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-62" name="__codelineno-3-62" href="#__codelineno-3-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-63" name="__codelineno-3-63" href="#__codelineno-3-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若无该 key ，则将键值对添加至尾部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-64" name="__codelineno-3-64" href="#__codelineno-3-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-65" name="__codelineno-3-65" href="#__codelineno-3-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-66" name="__codelineno-3-66" href="#__codelineno-3-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-67" name="__codelineno-3-67" href="#__codelineno-3-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-68" name="__codelineno-3-68" href="#__codelineno-3-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-69" name="__codelineno-3-69" href="#__codelineno-3-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-70" name="__codelineno-3-70" href="#__codelineno-3-70"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-71" name="__codelineno-3-71" href="#__codelineno-3-71"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-72" name="__codelineno-3-72" href="#__codelineno-3-72"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-73" name="__codelineno-3-73" href="#__codelineno-3-73"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapChaining</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-74" name="__codelineno-3-74" href="#__codelineno-3-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-75" name="__codelineno-3-75" href="#__codelineno-3-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，从中删除键值对</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-76" name="__codelineno-3-76" href="#__codelineno-3-76"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-77" name="__codelineno-3-77" href="#__codelineno-3-77"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-78" name="__codelineno-3-78" href="#__codelineno-3-78"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 切片删除</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-79" name="__codelineno-3-79" href="#__codelineno-3-79"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="p">][:</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:]</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-80" name="__codelineno-3-80" href="#__codelineno-3-80"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-81" name="__codelineno-3-81" href="#__codelineno-3-81"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-82" name="__codelineno-3-82" href="#__codelineno-3-82"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-83" name="__codelineno-3-83" href="#__codelineno-3-83"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-84" name="__codelineno-3-84" href="#__codelineno-3-84"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-85" name="__codelineno-3-85" href="#__codelineno-3-85"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-86" name="__codelineno-3-86" href="#__codelineno-3-86"></a><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-87" name="__codelineno-3-87" href="#__codelineno-3-87"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapChaining</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-88" name="__codelineno-3-88" href="#__codelineno-3-88"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-89" name="__codelineno-3-89" href="#__codelineno-3-89"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmpBuckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][]</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">))</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-90" name="__codelineno-3-90" href="#__codelineno-3-90"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-91" name="__codelineno-3-91" href="#__codelineno-3-91"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmpBuckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]))</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-92" name="__codelineno-3-92" href="#__codelineno-3-92"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">copy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">tmpBuckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-93" name="__codelineno-3-93" href="#__codelineno-3-93"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-94" name="__codelineno-3-94" href="#__codelineno-3-94"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-95" name="__codelineno-3-95" href="#__codelineno-3-95"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-96" name="__codelineno-3-96" href="#__codelineno-3-96"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][]</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-97" name="__codelineno-3-97" href="#__codelineno-3-97"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-98" name="__codelineno-3-98" href="#__codelineno-3-98"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-99" name="__codelineno-3-99" href="#__codelineno-3-99"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-100" name="__codelineno-3-100" href="#__codelineno-3-100"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-101" name="__codelineno-3-101" href="#__codelineno-3-101"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-102" name="__codelineno-3-102" href="#__codelineno-3-102"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmpBuckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-103" name="__codelineno-3-103" href="#__codelineno-3-103"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-104" name="__codelineno-3-104" href="#__codelineno-3-104"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-105" name="__codelineno-3-105" href="#__codelineno-3-105"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-106" name="__codelineno-3-106" href="#__codelineno-3-106"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-107" name="__codelineno-3-107" href="#__codelineno-3-107"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-108" name="__codelineno-3-108" href="#__codelineno-3-108"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-109" name="__codelineno-3-109" href="#__codelineno-3-109"></a><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-110" name="__codelineno-3-110" href="#__codelineno-3-110"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapChaining</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-111" name="__codelineno-3-111" href="#__codelineno-3-111"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">builder</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">strings</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Builder</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-112" name="__codelineno-3-112" href="#__codelineno-3-112"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-113" name="__codelineno-3-113" href="#__codelineno-3-113"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-114" name="__codelineno-3-114" href="#__codelineno-3-114"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">builder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">WriteString</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"["</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-115" name="__codelineno-3-115" href="#__codelineno-3-115"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-116" name="__codelineno-3-116" href="#__codelineno-3-116"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">builder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">WriteString</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">strconv</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Itoa</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">" -> "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">" "</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-117" name="__codelineno-3-117" href="#__codelineno-3-117"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-118" name="__codelineno-3-118" href="#__codelineno-3-118"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">builder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">WriteString</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"]"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-119" name="__codelineno-3-119" href="#__codelineno-3-119"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">builder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">String</span><span class="p">())</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-120" name="__codelineno-3-120" href="#__codelineno-3-120"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">builder</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Reset</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-121" name="__codelineno-3-121" href="#__codelineno-3-121"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-122" name="__codelineno-3-122" href="#__codelineno-3-122"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">HashMapChaining</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">HashMapChaining</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">hashMapChaining</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 链式地址哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">HashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">>></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">HashMapChaining</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">4</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3.0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">>></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">());</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-22" name="__codelineno-7-22" href="#__codelineno-7-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-23" name="__codelineno-7-23" href="#__codelineno-7-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-24" name="__codelineno-7-24" href="#__codelineno-7-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-25" name="__codelineno-7-25" href="#__codelineno-7-25"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-26" name="__codelineno-7-26" href="#__codelineno-7-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-27" name="__codelineno-7-27" href="#__codelineno-7-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-28" name="__codelineno-7-28" href="#__codelineno-7-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-29" name="__codelineno-7-29" href="#__codelineno-7-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-30" name="__codelineno-7-30" href="#__codelineno-7-30"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-31" name="__codelineno-7-31" href="#__codelineno-7-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-32" name="__codelineno-7-32" href="#__codelineno-7-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-33" name="__codelineno-7-33" href="#__codelineno-7-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-34" name="__codelineno-7-34" href="#__codelineno-7-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若找到 key 则返回对应 val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-35" name="__codelineno-7-35" href="#__codelineno-7-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-36" name="__codelineno-7-36" href="#__codelineno-7-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-37" name="__codelineno-7-37" href="#__codelineno-7-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-38" name="__codelineno-7-38" href="#__codelineno-7-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-39" name="__codelineno-7-39" href="#__codelineno-7-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-40" name="__codelineno-7-40" href="#__codelineno-7-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到 key 则返回 null</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-41" name="__codelineno-7-41" href="#__codelineno-7-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-42" name="__codelineno-7-42" href="#__codelineno-7-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-43" name="__codelineno-7-43" href="#__codelineno-7-43"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-44" name="__codelineno-7-44" href="#__codelineno-7-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-45" name="__codelineno-7-45" href="#__codelineno-7-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-46" name="__codelineno-7-46" href="#__codelineno-7-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-47" name="__codelineno-7-47" href="#__codelineno-7-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-48" name="__codelineno-7-48" href="#__codelineno-7-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-49" name="__codelineno-7-49" href="#__codelineno-7-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-50" name="__codelineno-7-50" href="#__codelineno-7-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-51" name="__codelineno-7-51" href="#__codelineno-7-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val 并返回</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-52" name="__codelineno-7-52" href="#__codelineno-7-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-53" name="__codelineno-7-53" href="#__codelineno-7-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-54" name="__codelineno-7-54" href="#__codelineno-7-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-55" name="__codelineno-7-55" href="#__codelineno-7-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-56" name="__codelineno-7-56" href="#__codelineno-7-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-57" name="__codelineno-7-57" href="#__codelineno-7-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-58" name="__codelineno-7-58" href="#__codelineno-7-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若无该 key ，则将键值对添加至尾部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-59" name="__codelineno-7-59" href="#__codelineno-7-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">));</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-60" name="__codelineno-7-60" href="#__codelineno-7-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-61" name="__codelineno-7-61" href="#__codelineno-7-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-62" name="__codelineno-7-62" href="#__codelineno-7-62"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-63" name="__codelineno-7-63" href="#__codelineno-7-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-64" name="__codelineno-7-64" href="#__codelineno-7-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-65" name="__codelineno-7-65" href="#__codelineno-7-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-66" name="__codelineno-7-66" href="#__codelineno-7-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，从中删除键值对</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-67" name="__codelineno-7-67" href="#__codelineno-7-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">ToList</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-68" name="__codelineno-7-68" href="#__codelineno-7-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-69" name="__codelineno-7-69" href="#__codelineno-7-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">Remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-70" name="__codelineno-7-70" href="#__codelineno-7-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-71" name="__codelineno-7-71" href="#__codelineno-7-71"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-72" name="__codelineno-7-72" href="#__codelineno-7-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-73" name="__codelineno-7-73" href="#__codelineno-7-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-74" name="__codelineno-7-74" href="#__codelineno-7-74"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-75" name="__codelineno-7-75" href="#__codelineno-7-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-76" name="__codelineno-7-76" href="#__codelineno-7-76"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-77" name="__codelineno-7-77" href="#__codelineno-7-77"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-78" name="__codelineno-7-78" href="#__codelineno-7-78"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">>></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-79" name="__codelineno-7-79" href="#__codelineno-7-79"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-80" name="__codelineno-7-80" href="#__codelineno-7-80"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-81" name="__codelineno-7-81" href="#__codelineno-7-81"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">>></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-82" name="__codelineno-7-82" href="#__codelineno-7-82"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-83" name="__codelineno-7-83" href="#__codelineno-7-83"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">());</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-84" name="__codelineno-7-84" href="#__codelineno-7-84"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-85" name="__codelineno-7-85" href="#__codelineno-7-85"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-86" name="__codelineno-7-86" href="#__codelineno-7-86"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-87" name="__codelineno-7-87" href="#__codelineno-7-87"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-88" name="__codelineno-7-88" href="#__codelineno-7-88"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-89" name="__codelineno-7-89" href="#__codelineno-7-89"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-90" name="__codelineno-7-90" href="#__codelineno-7-90"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-91" name="__codelineno-7-91" href="#__codelineno-7-91"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-92" name="__codelineno-7-92" href="#__codelineno-7-92"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-93" name="__codelineno-7-93" href="#__codelineno-7-93"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-94" name="__codelineno-7-94" href="#__codelineno-7-94"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-95" name="__codelineno-7-95" href="#__codelineno-7-95"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-96" name="__codelineno-7-96" href="#__codelineno-7-96"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-97" name="__codelineno-7-97" href="#__codelineno-7-97"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-98" name="__codelineno-7-98" href="#__codelineno-7-98"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-99" name="__codelineno-7-99" href="#__codelineno-7-99"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">" -> "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-100" name="__codelineno-7-100" href="#__codelineno-7-100"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-101" name="__codelineno-7-101" href="#__codelineno-7-101"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">kv</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-102" name="__codelineno-7-102" href="#__codelineno-7-102"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">kv</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-103" name="__codelineno-7-103" href="#__codelineno-7-103"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-104" name="__codelineno-7-104" href="#__codelineno-7-104"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-105" name="__codelineno-7-105" href="#__codelineno-7-105"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-106" name="__codelineno-7-106" href="#__codelineno-7-106"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 链式地址哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">HashMapChaining</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">size</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">capacity</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">loadThres</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Double</span> <span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">extendRatio</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a> <span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a> <span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a> <span class="n">size</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a> <span class="n">capacity</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">4</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a> <span class="n">loadThres</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">3</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a> <span class="n">extendRatio</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a> <span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a> <span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-21" name="__codelineno-8-21" href="#__codelineno-8-21"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-22" name="__codelineno-8-22" href="#__codelineno-8-22"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-23" name="__codelineno-8-23" href="#__codelineno-8-23"></a> <span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-24" name="__codelineno-8-24" href="#__codelineno-8-24"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="nb">Double</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-25" name="__codelineno-8-25" href="#__codelineno-8-25"></a> <span class="nb">Double</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-26" name="__codelineno-8-26" href="#__codelineno-8-26"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-27" name="__codelineno-8-27" href="#__codelineno-8-27"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-28" name="__codelineno-8-28" href="#__codelineno-8-28"></a> <span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-29" name="__codelineno-8-29" href="#__codelineno-8-29"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-30" name="__codelineno-8-30" href="#__codelineno-8-30"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">index</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-31" name="__codelineno-8-31" href="#__codelineno-8-31"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">bucket</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-32" name="__codelineno-8-32" href="#__codelineno-8-32"></a> <span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若找到 key 则返回对应 val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-33" name="__codelineno-8-33" href="#__codelineno-8-33"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-34" name="__codelineno-8-34" href="#__codelineno-8-34"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-35" name="__codelineno-8-35" href="#__codelineno-8-35"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-36" name="__codelineno-8-36" href="#__codelineno-8-36"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-37" name="__codelineno-8-37" href="#__codelineno-8-37"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-38" name="__codelineno-8-38" href="#__codelineno-8-38"></a> <span class="c1">// 若未找到 key 则返回 nil</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-39" name="__codelineno-8-39" href="#__codelineno-8-39"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">nil</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-40" name="__codelineno-8-40" href="#__codelineno-8-40"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-41" name="__codelineno-8-41" href="#__codelineno-8-41"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-42" name="__codelineno-8-42" href="#__codelineno-8-42"></a> <span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-43" name="__codelineno-8-43" href="#__codelineno-8-43"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-44" name="__codelineno-8-44" href="#__codelineno-8-44"></a> <span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-45" name="__codelineno-8-45" href="#__codelineno-8-45"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">></span> <span class="n">loadThres</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-46" name="__codelineno-8-46" href="#__codelineno-8-46"></a> <span class="bp">extend</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-47" name="__codelineno-8-47" href="#__codelineno-8-47"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-48" name="__codelineno-8-48" href="#__codelineno-8-48"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">index</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-49" name="__codelineno-8-49" href="#__codelineno-8-49"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">bucket</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-50" name="__codelineno-8-50" href="#__codelineno-8-50"></a> <span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val 并返回</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-51" name="__codelineno-8-51" href="#__codelineno-8-51"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-52" name="__codelineno-8-52" href="#__codelineno-8-52"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-53" name="__codelineno-8-53" href="#__codelineno-8-53"></a> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-54" name="__codelineno-8-54" href="#__codelineno-8-54"></a> <span class="k">return</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-55" name="__codelineno-8-55" href="#__codelineno-8-55"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-56" name="__codelineno-8-56" href="#__codelineno-8-56"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-57" name="__codelineno-8-57" href="#__codelineno-8-57"></a> <span class="c1">// 若无该 key ，则将键值对添加至尾部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-58" name="__codelineno-8-58" href="#__codelineno-8-58"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">pair</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-59" name="__codelineno-8-59" href="#__codelineno-8-59"></a> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-60" name="__codelineno-8-60" href="#__codelineno-8-60"></a> <span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-61" name="__codelineno-8-61" href="#__codelineno-8-61"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-62" name="__codelineno-8-62" href="#__codelineno-8-62"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-63" name="__codelineno-8-63" href="#__codelineno-8-63"></a> <span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-64" name="__codelineno-8-64" href="#__codelineno-8-64"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-65" name="__codelineno-8-65" href="#__codelineno-8-65"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">index</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-66" name="__codelineno-8-66" href="#__codelineno-8-66"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">bucket</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-67" name="__codelineno-8-67" href="#__codelineno-8-67"></a> <span class="c1">// 遍历桶，从中删除键值对</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-68" name="__codelineno-8-68" href="#__codelineno-8-68"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pairIndex</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">enumerated</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-69" name="__codelineno-8-69" href="#__codelineno-8-69"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-70" name="__codelineno-8-70" href="#__codelineno-8-70"></a> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">at</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">pairIndex</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-71" name="__codelineno-8-71" href="#__codelineno-8-71"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-72" name="__codelineno-8-72" href="#__codelineno-8-72"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-73" name="__codelineno-8-73" href="#__codelineno-8-73"></a> <span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-74" name="__codelineno-8-74" href="#__codelineno-8-74"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-75" name="__codelineno-8-75" href="#__codelineno-8-75"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-76" name="__codelineno-8-76" href="#__codelineno-8-76"></a> <span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-77" name="__codelineno-8-77" href="#__codelineno-8-77"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-78" name="__codelineno-8-78" href="#__codelineno-8-78"></a> <span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-79" name="__codelineno-8-79" href="#__codelineno-8-79"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">bucketsTmp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">buckets</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-80" name="__codelineno-8-80" href="#__codelineno-8-80"></a> <span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-81" name="__codelineno-8-81" href="#__codelineno-8-81"></a> <span class="n">capacity</span> <span class="o">*=</span> <span class="n">extendRatio</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-82" name="__codelineno-8-82" href="#__codelineno-8-82"></a> <span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-83" name="__codelineno-8-83" href="#__codelineno-8-83"></a> <span class="n">size</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-84" name="__codelineno-8-84" href="#__codelineno-8-84"></a> <span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-85" name="__codelineno-8-85" href="#__codelineno-8-85"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">bucketsTmp</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-86" name="__codelineno-8-86" href="#__codelineno-8-86"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-87" name="__codelineno-8-87" href="#__codelineno-8-87"></a> <span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-88" name="__codelineno-8-88" href="#__codelineno-8-88"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-89" name="__codelineno-8-89" href="#__codelineno-8-89"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-90" name="__codelineno-8-90" href="#__codelineno-8-90"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-91" name="__codelineno-8-91" href="#__codelineno-8-91"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-92" name="__codelineno-8-92" href="#__codelineno-8-92"></a> <span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-93" name="__codelineno-8-93" href="#__codelineno-8-93"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-94" name="__codelineno-8-94" href="#__codelineno-8-94"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-95" name="__codelineno-8-95" href="#__codelineno-8-95"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">res</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">map</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s">"</span><span class="si">\(</span><span class="nv">$0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s"> -> </span><span class="si">\(</span><span class="nv">$0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s">"</span> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-96" name="__codelineno-8-96" href="#__codelineno-8-96"></a> <span class="n">Swift</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-97" name="__codelineno-8-97" href="#__codelineno-8-97"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-98" name="__codelineno-8-98" href="#__codelineno-8-98"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-99" name="__codelineno-8-99" href="#__codelineno-8-99"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">HashMapChaining</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_chaining.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 链式地址哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">HashMapChaining</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">>></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashMapChaining</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">4</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3.0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">generate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-19" name="__codelineno-10-19" href="#__codelineno-10-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-20" name="__codelineno-10-20" href="#__codelineno-10-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-21" name="__codelineno-10-21" href="#__codelineno-10-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-22" name="__codelineno-10-22" href="#__codelineno-10-22"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-23" name="__codelineno-10-23" href="#__codelineno-10-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-24" name="__codelineno-10-24" href="#__codelineno-10-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-25" name="__codelineno-10-25" href="#__codelineno-10-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-26" name="__codelineno-10-26" href="#__codelineno-10-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-27" name="__codelineno-10-27" href="#__codelineno-10-27"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-28" name="__codelineno-10-28" href="#__codelineno-10-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-29" name="__codelineno-10-29" href="#__codelineno-10-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-30" name="__codelineno-10-30" href="#__codelineno-10-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-31" name="__codelineno-10-31" href="#__codelineno-10-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-32" name="__codelineno-10-32" href="#__codelineno-10-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若找到 key 则返回对应 val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-33" name="__codelineno-10-33" href="#__codelineno-10-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-34" name="__codelineno-10-34" href="#__codelineno-10-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-35" name="__codelineno-10-35" href="#__codelineno-10-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-36" name="__codelineno-10-36" href="#__codelineno-10-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-37" name="__codelineno-10-37" href="#__codelineno-10-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-38" name="__codelineno-10-38" href="#__codelineno-10-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到 key 则返回 null</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-39" name="__codelineno-10-39" href="#__codelineno-10-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-40" name="__codelineno-10-40" href="#__codelineno-10-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-41" name="__codelineno-10-41" href="#__codelineno-10-41"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-42" name="__codelineno-10-42" href="#__codelineno-10-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-43" name="__codelineno-10-43" href="#__codelineno-10-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-44" name="__codelineno-10-44" href="#__codelineno-10-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-45" name="__codelineno-10-45" href="#__codelineno-10-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-46" name="__codelineno-10-46" href="#__codelineno-10-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-47" name="__codelineno-10-47" href="#__codelineno-10-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-48" name="__codelineno-10-48" href="#__codelineno-10-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-49" name="__codelineno-10-49" href="#__codelineno-10-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-50" name="__codelineno-10-50" href="#__codelineno-10-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val 并返回</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-51" name="__codelineno-10-51" href="#__codelineno-10-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-52" name="__codelineno-10-52" href="#__codelineno-10-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-53" name="__codelineno-10-53" href="#__codelineno-10-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-54" name="__codelineno-10-54" href="#__codelineno-10-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-55" name="__codelineno-10-55" href="#__codelineno-10-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-56" name="__codelineno-10-56" href="#__codelineno-10-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-57" name="__codelineno-10-57" href="#__codelineno-10-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若无该 key ，则将键值对添加至尾部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-58" name="__codelineno-10-58" href="#__codelineno-10-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-59" name="__codelineno-10-59" href="#__codelineno-10-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-60" name="__codelineno-10-60" href="#__codelineno-10-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-61" name="__codelineno-10-61" href="#__codelineno-10-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-62" name="__codelineno-10-62" href="#__codelineno-10-62"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-63" name="__codelineno-10-63" href="#__codelineno-10-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-64" name="__codelineno-10-64" href="#__codelineno-10-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-65" name="__codelineno-10-65" href="#__codelineno-10-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-66" name="__codelineno-10-66" href="#__codelineno-10-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-67" name="__codelineno-10-67" href="#__codelineno-10-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，从中删除键值对</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-68" name="__codelineno-10-68" href="#__codelineno-10-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeWhere</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-69" name="__codelineno-10-69" href="#__codelineno-10-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-70" name="__codelineno-10-70" href="#__codelineno-10-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-71" name="__codelineno-10-71" href="#__codelineno-10-71"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-72" name="__codelineno-10-72" href="#__codelineno-10-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-73" name="__codelineno-10-73" href="#__codelineno-10-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-74" name="__codelineno-10-74" href="#__codelineno-10-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-75" name="__codelineno-10-75" href="#__codelineno-10-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">>></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-76" name="__codelineno-10-76" href="#__codelineno-10-76"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-77" name="__codelineno-10-77" href="#__codelineno-10-77"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-78" name="__codelineno-10-78" href="#__codelineno-10-78"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">generate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-79" name="__codelineno-10-79" href="#__codelineno-10-79"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-80" name="__codelineno-10-80" href="#__codelineno-10-80"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-81" name="__codelineno-10-81" href="#__codelineno-10-81"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-82" name="__codelineno-10-82" href="#__codelineno-10-82"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-83" name="__codelineno-10-83" href="#__codelineno-10-83"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-84" name="__codelineno-10-84" href="#__codelineno-10-84"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-85" name="__codelineno-10-85" href="#__codelineno-10-85"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-86" name="__codelineno-10-86" href="#__codelineno-10-86"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-87" name="__codelineno-10-87" href="#__codelineno-10-87"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-88" name="__codelineno-10-88" href="#__codelineno-10-88"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-89" name="__codelineno-10-89" href="#__codelineno-10-89"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">printHashMap</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-90" name="__codelineno-10-90" href="#__codelineno-10-90"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-91" name="__codelineno-10-91" href="#__codelineno-10-91"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-92" name="__codelineno-10-92" href="#__codelineno-10-92"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucket</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-93" name="__codelineno-10-93" href="#__codelineno-10-93"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2"> -> </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-94" name="__codelineno-10-94" href="#__codelineno-10-94"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-95" name="__codelineno-10-95" href="#__codelineno-10-95"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-96" name="__codelineno-10-96" href="#__codelineno-10-96"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-97" name="__codelineno-10-97" href="#__codelineno-10-97"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-98" name="__codelineno-10-98" href="#__codelineno-10-98"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="admonition tip">
|
||
<p class="admonition-title">Tip</p>
|
||
<p>为了提高效率，<strong>我们可以将链表转换为「AVL 树」或「红黑树」</strong>，从而将查询操作的时间复杂度优化至 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(\log n)\)</span> 。</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<h2 id="622">6.2.2. 开放寻址<a class="headerlink" href="#622" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<p>「开放寻址 Open Addressing」不引入额外的数据结构，而是通过“多次探测”来处理哈希冲突，探测方式主要包括线性探测、平方探测、多次哈希。</p>
|
||
<h3 id="_1">线性探测<a class="headerlink" href="#_1" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>线性探测采用固定步长的线性查找来进行探测，对应的哈希表操作方法为：</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><strong>插入元素</strong>：通过哈希函数计算数组索引，若发现桶内已有元素，则从冲突位置向后线性遍历（步长通常为 <span class="arithmatex">\(1\)</span> ），直至找到空位，将元素插入其中。</li>
|
||
<li><strong>查找元素</strong>：若发现哈希冲突，则使用相同步长向后线性遍历，直到找到对应元素，返回 <code>value</code> 即可；或者若遇到空位，说明目标键值对不在哈希表中，返回 <span class="arithmatex">\(\text{None}\)</span> 。</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p><img alt="线性探测" src="../hash_collision.assets/hash_table_linear_probing.png" /></p>
|
||
<p align="center"> Fig. 线性探测 </p>
|
||
|
||
<p>然而，线性探测存在以下缺陷：</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><strong>不能直接删除元素</strong>。删除元素会在数组内产生一个空位，查找其他元素时，该空位可能导致程序误判元素不存在。因此，需要借助一个标志位来标记已删除元素。</li>
|
||
<li><strong>容易产生聚集</strong>。数组内连续被占用位置越长，这些连续位置发生哈希冲突的可能性越大，进一步促使这一位置的“聚堆生长”，最终导致增删查改操作效率降低。</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>如以下代码所示，为开放寻址（线性探测）哈希表的简单实现，重点包括：</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>我们使用一个固定的键值对实例 <code>removed</code> 来标记已删除元素。也就是说，当一个桶为 <span class="arithmatex">\(\text{None}\)</span> 或 <code>removed</code> 时，这个桶都是空的，可用于放置键值对。</li>
|
||
<li>被标记为已删除的空间是可以再次被使用的。当插入元素时，若通过哈希函数找到了被标记为已删除的索引，则可将该元素放置到该索引。</li>
|
||
<li>在线性探测时，我们从当前索引 <code>index</code> 向后遍历；而当越过数组尾部时，需要回到头部继续遍历。</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 开放寻址哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removed</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 删除标记</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3.0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-16" name="__codelineno-11-16" href="#__codelineno-11-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-17" name="__codelineno-11-17" href="#__codelineno-11-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removed</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"-1"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-18" name="__codelineno-11-18" href="#__codelineno-11-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-19" name="__codelineno-11-19" href="#__codelineno-11-19"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-20" name="__codelineno-11-20" href="#__codelineno-11-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-21" name="__codelineno-11-21" href="#__codelineno-11-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-22" name="__codelineno-11-22" href="#__codelineno-11-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-23" name="__codelineno-11-23" href="#__codelineno-11-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-24" name="__codelineno-11-24" href="#__codelineno-11-24"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-25" name="__codelineno-11-25" href="#__codelineno-11-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-26" name="__codelineno-11-26" href="#__codelineno-11-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-27" name="__codelineno-11-27" href="#__codelineno-11-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-28" name="__codelineno-11-28" href="#__codelineno-11-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-29" name="__codelineno-11-29" href="#__codelineno-11-29"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-30" name="__codelineno-11-30" href="#__codelineno-11-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-31" name="__codelineno-11-31" href="#__codelineno-11-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-32" name="__codelineno-11-32" href="#__codelineno-11-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-33" name="__codelineno-11-33" href="#__codelineno-11-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-34" name="__codelineno-11-34" href="#__codelineno-11-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-35" name="__codelineno-11-35" href="#__codelineno-11-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-36" name="__codelineno-11-36" href="#__codelineno-11-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-37" name="__codelineno-11-37" href="#__codelineno-11-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶，说明无此 key ，则返回 null</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-38" name="__codelineno-11-38" href="#__codelineno-11-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-39" name="__codelineno-11-39" href="#__codelineno-11-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-40" name="__codelineno-11-40" href="#__codelineno-11-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则返回对应 val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-41" name="__codelineno-11-41" href="#__codelineno-11-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removed</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-42" name="__codelineno-11-42" href="#__codelineno-11-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-43" name="__codelineno-11-43" href="#__codelineno-11-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-44" name="__codelineno-11-44" href="#__codelineno-11-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-45" name="__codelineno-11-45" href="#__codelineno-11-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-46" name="__codelineno-11-46" href="#__codelineno-11-46"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-47" name="__codelineno-11-47" href="#__codelineno-11-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-48" name="__codelineno-11-48" href="#__codelineno-11-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-49" name="__codelineno-11-49" href="#__codelineno-11-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-50" name="__codelineno-11-50" href="#__codelineno-11-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-51" name="__codelineno-11-51" href="#__codelineno-11-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-52" name="__codelineno-11-52" href="#__codelineno-11-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-53" name="__codelineno-11-53" href="#__codelineno-11-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-54" name="__codelineno-11-54" href="#__codelineno-11-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-55" name="__codelineno-11-55" href="#__codelineno-11-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-56" name="__codelineno-11-56" href="#__codelineno-11-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-57" name="__codelineno-11-57" href="#__codelineno-11-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-58" name="__codelineno-11-58" href="#__codelineno-11-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶、或带有删除标记的桶，则将键值对放入该桶</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-59" name="__codelineno-11-59" href="#__codelineno-11-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removed</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-60" name="__codelineno-11-60" href="#__codelineno-11-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-61" name="__codelineno-11-61" href="#__codelineno-11-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-62" name="__codelineno-11-62" href="#__codelineno-11-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-63" name="__codelineno-11-63" href="#__codelineno-11-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-64" name="__codelineno-11-64" href="#__codelineno-11-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-65" name="__codelineno-11-65" href="#__codelineno-11-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-66" name="__codelineno-11-66" href="#__codelineno-11-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-67" name="__codelineno-11-67" href="#__codelineno-11-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-68" name="__codelineno-11-68" href="#__codelineno-11-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-69" name="__codelineno-11-69" href="#__codelineno-11-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-70" name="__codelineno-11-70" href="#__codelineno-11-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-71" name="__codelineno-11-71" href="#__codelineno-11-71"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-72" name="__codelineno-11-72" href="#__codelineno-11-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-73" name="__codelineno-11-73" href="#__codelineno-11-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-74" name="__codelineno-11-74" href="#__codelineno-11-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-75" name="__codelineno-11-75" href="#__codelineno-11-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-76" name="__codelineno-11-76" href="#__codelineno-11-76"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-77" name="__codelineno-11-77" href="#__codelineno-11-77"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-78" name="__codelineno-11-78" href="#__codelineno-11-78"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-79" name="__codelineno-11-79" href="#__codelineno-11-79"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶，说明无此 key ，则直接返回</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-80" name="__codelineno-11-80" href="#__codelineno-11-80"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-81" name="__codelineno-11-81" href="#__codelineno-11-81"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-82" name="__codelineno-11-82" href="#__codelineno-11-82"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-83" name="__codelineno-11-83" href="#__codelineno-11-83"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则标记删除并返回</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-84" name="__codelineno-11-84" href="#__codelineno-11-84"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-85" name="__codelineno-11-85" href="#__codelineno-11-85"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removed</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-86" name="__codelineno-11-86" href="#__codelineno-11-86"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-87" name="__codelineno-11-87" href="#__codelineno-11-87"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-88" name="__codelineno-11-88" href="#__codelineno-11-88"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-89" name="__codelineno-11-89" href="#__codelineno-11-89"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-90" name="__codelineno-11-90" href="#__codelineno-11-90"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-91" name="__codelineno-11-91" href="#__codelineno-11-91"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-92" name="__codelineno-11-92" href="#__codelineno-11-92"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-93" name="__codelineno-11-93" href="#__codelineno-11-93"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-94" name="__codelineno-11-94" href="#__codelineno-11-94"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-95" name="__codelineno-11-95" href="#__codelineno-11-95"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-96" name="__codelineno-11-96" href="#__codelineno-11-96"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-97" name="__codelineno-11-97" href="#__codelineno-11-97"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-98" name="__codelineno-11-98" href="#__codelineno-11-98"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-99" name="__codelineno-11-99" href="#__codelineno-11-99"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-100" name="__codelineno-11-100" href="#__codelineno-11-100"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-101" name="__codelineno-11-101" href="#__codelineno-11-101"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-102" name="__codelineno-11-102" href="#__codelineno-11-102"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removed</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-103" name="__codelineno-11-103" href="#__codelineno-11-103"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-104" name="__codelineno-11-104" href="#__codelineno-11-104"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-105" name="__codelineno-11-105" href="#__codelineno-11-105"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-106" name="__codelineno-11-106" href="#__codelineno-11-106"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-107" name="__codelineno-11-107" href="#__codelineno-11-107"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-108" name="__codelineno-11-108" href="#__codelineno-11-108"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-109" name="__codelineno-11-109" href="#__codelineno-11-109"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-110" name="__codelineno-11-110" href="#__codelineno-11-110"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-111" name="__codelineno-11-111" href="#__codelineno-11-111"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-112" name="__codelineno-11-112" href="#__codelineno-11-112"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">System</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">out</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">" -> "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-113" name="__codelineno-11-113" href="#__codelineno-11-113"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-114" name="__codelineno-11-114" href="#__codelineno-11-114"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">System</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">out</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"null"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-115" name="__codelineno-11-115" href="#__codelineno-11-115"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-116" name="__codelineno-11-116" href="#__codelineno-11-116"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-117" name="__codelineno-11-117" href="#__codelineno-11-117"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-118" name="__codelineno-11-118" href="#__codelineno-11-118"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 开放寻址哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="o">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">removed</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 删除标记</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 构造方法</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3.0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-18" name="__codelineno-12-18" href="#__codelineno-12-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-19" name="__codelineno-12-19" href="#__codelineno-12-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-20" name="__codelineno-12-20" href="#__codelineno-12-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removed</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"-1"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-21" name="__codelineno-12-21" href="#__codelineno-12-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-22" name="__codelineno-12-22" href="#__codelineno-12-22"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-23" name="__codelineno-12-23" href="#__codelineno-12-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-24" name="__codelineno-12-24" href="#__codelineno-12-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-25" name="__codelineno-12-25" href="#__codelineno-12-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-26" name="__codelineno-12-26" href="#__codelineno-12-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-27" name="__codelineno-12-27" href="#__codelineno-12-27"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-28" name="__codelineno-12-28" href="#__codelineno-12-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-29" name="__codelineno-12-29" href="#__codelineno-12-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-30" name="__codelineno-12-30" href="#__codelineno-12-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">static_cast</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-31" name="__codelineno-12-31" href="#__codelineno-12-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-32" name="__codelineno-12-32" href="#__codelineno-12-32"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-33" name="__codelineno-12-33" href="#__codelineno-12-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-34" name="__codelineno-12-34" href="#__codelineno-12-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-35" name="__codelineno-12-35" href="#__codelineno-12-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-36" name="__codelineno-12-36" href="#__codelineno-12-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-37" name="__codelineno-12-37" href="#__codelineno-12-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-38" name="__codelineno-12-38" href="#__codelineno-12-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-39" name="__codelineno-12-39" href="#__codelineno-12-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-40" name="__codelineno-12-40" href="#__codelineno-12-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶，说明无此 key ，则返回 nullptr</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-41" name="__codelineno-12-41" href="#__codelineno-12-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-42" name="__codelineno-12-42" href="#__codelineno-12-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-43" name="__codelineno-12-43" href="#__codelineno-12-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则返回对应 val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-44" name="__codelineno-12-44" href="#__codelineno-12-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removed</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-45" name="__codelineno-12-45" href="#__codelineno-12-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-46" name="__codelineno-12-46" href="#__codelineno-12-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-47" name="__codelineno-12-47" href="#__codelineno-12-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-48" name="__codelineno-12-48" href="#__codelineno-12-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-49" name="__codelineno-12-49" href="#__codelineno-12-49"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-50" name="__codelineno-12-50" href="#__codelineno-12-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-51" name="__codelineno-12-51" href="#__codelineno-12-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-52" name="__codelineno-12-52" href="#__codelineno-12-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-53" name="__codelineno-12-53" href="#__codelineno-12-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-54" name="__codelineno-12-54" href="#__codelineno-12-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-55" name="__codelineno-12-55" href="#__codelineno-12-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-56" name="__codelineno-12-56" href="#__codelineno-12-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-57" name="__codelineno-12-57" href="#__codelineno-12-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-58" name="__codelineno-12-58" href="#__codelineno-12-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-59" name="__codelineno-12-59" href="#__codelineno-12-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-60" name="__codelineno-12-60" href="#__codelineno-12-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶、或带有删除标记的桶，则将键值对放入该桶</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-61" name="__codelineno-12-61" href="#__codelineno-12-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removed</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-62" name="__codelineno-12-62" href="#__codelineno-12-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-63" name="__codelineno-12-63" href="#__codelineno-12-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-64" name="__codelineno-12-64" href="#__codelineno-12-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-65" name="__codelineno-12-65" href="#__codelineno-12-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-66" name="__codelineno-12-66" href="#__codelineno-12-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-67" name="__codelineno-12-67" href="#__codelineno-12-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-68" name="__codelineno-12-68" href="#__codelineno-12-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-69" name="__codelineno-12-69" href="#__codelineno-12-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-70" name="__codelineno-12-70" href="#__codelineno-12-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-71" name="__codelineno-12-71" href="#__codelineno-12-71"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-72" name="__codelineno-12-72" href="#__codelineno-12-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-73" name="__codelineno-12-73" href="#__codelineno-12-73"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-74" name="__codelineno-12-74" href="#__codelineno-12-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-75" name="__codelineno-12-75" href="#__codelineno-12-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-76" name="__codelineno-12-76" href="#__codelineno-12-76"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-77" name="__codelineno-12-77" href="#__codelineno-12-77"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-78" name="__codelineno-12-78" href="#__codelineno-12-78"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-79" name="__codelineno-12-79" href="#__codelineno-12-79"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-80" name="__codelineno-12-80" href="#__codelineno-12-80"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-81" name="__codelineno-12-81" href="#__codelineno-12-81"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶，说明无此 key ，则直接返回</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-82" name="__codelineno-12-82" href="#__codelineno-12-82"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-83" name="__codelineno-12-83" href="#__codelineno-12-83"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-84" name="__codelineno-12-84" href="#__codelineno-12-84"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则标记删除并返回</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-85" name="__codelineno-12-85" href="#__codelineno-12-85"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-86" name="__codelineno-12-86" href="#__codelineno-12-86"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 释放内存</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-87" name="__codelineno-12-87" href="#__codelineno-12-87"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removed</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-88" name="__codelineno-12-88" href="#__codelineno-12-88"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-89" name="__codelineno-12-89" href="#__codelineno-12-89"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-90" name="__codelineno-12-90" href="#__codelineno-12-90"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-91" name="__codelineno-12-91" href="#__codelineno-12-91"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-92" name="__codelineno-12-92" href="#__codelineno-12-92"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-93" name="__codelineno-12-93" href="#__codelineno-12-93"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-94" name="__codelineno-12-94" href="#__codelineno-12-94"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-95" name="__codelineno-12-95" href="#__codelineno-12-95"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-96" name="__codelineno-12-96" href="#__codelineno-12-96"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-97" name="__codelineno-12-97" href="#__codelineno-12-97"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-98" name="__codelineno-12-98" href="#__codelineno-12-98"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-99" name="__codelineno-12-99" href="#__codelineno-12-99"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-100" name="__codelineno-12-100" href="#__codelineno-12-100"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-101" name="__codelineno-12-101" href="#__codelineno-12-101"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-102" name="__codelineno-12-102" href="#__codelineno-12-102"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-103" name="__codelineno-12-103" href="#__codelineno-12-103"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-104" name="__codelineno-12-104" href="#__codelineno-12-104"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removed</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-105" name="__codelineno-12-105" href="#__codelineno-12-105"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-106" name="__codelineno-12-106" href="#__codelineno-12-106"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-107" name="__codelineno-12-107" href="#__codelineno-12-107"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-108" name="__codelineno-12-108" href="#__codelineno-12-108"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-109" name="__codelineno-12-109" href="#__codelineno-12-109"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-110" name="__codelineno-12-110" href="#__codelineno-12-110"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-111" name="__codelineno-12-111" href="#__codelineno-12-111"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-112" name="__codelineno-12-112" href="#__codelineno-12-112"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-113" name="__codelineno-12-113" href="#__codelineno-12-113"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-114" name="__codelineno-12-114" href="#__codelineno-12-114"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">" -> "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">endl</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-115" name="__codelineno-12-115" href="#__codelineno-12-115"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-116" name="__codelineno-12-116" href="#__codelineno-12-116"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"nullptr"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">endl</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-117" name="__codelineno-12-117" href="#__codelineno-12-117"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-118" name="__codelineno-12-118" href="#__codelineno-12-118"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-119" name="__codelineno-12-119" href="#__codelineno-12-119"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-120" name="__codelineno-12-120" href="#__codelineno-12-120"></a><span class="p">};</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""开放寻址哈希表"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""构造方法"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1"># 键值对数量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">4</span> <span class="c1"># 哈希表容量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load_thres</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">3</span> <span class="c1"># 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">extend_ratio</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="c1"># 扩容倍数</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Pair</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span> <span class="c1"># 桶数组</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">removed</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"-1"</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1"># 删除标记</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""哈希函数"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-17" name="__codelineno-13-17" href="#__codelineno-13-17"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">load_factor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-18" name="__codelineno-13-18" href="#__codelineno-13-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""负载因子"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-19" name="__codelineno-13-19" href="#__codelineno-13-19"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-20" name="__codelineno-13-20" href="#__codelineno-13-20"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-21" name="__codelineno-13-21" href="#__codelineno-13-21"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-22" name="__codelineno-13-22" href="#__codelineno-13-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""查询操作"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-23" name="__codelineno-13-23" href="#__codelineno-13-23"></a> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-24" name="__codelineno-13-24" href="#__codelineno-13-24"></a> <span class="c1"># 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-25" name="__codelineno-13-25" href="#__codelineno-13-25"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-26" name="__codelineno-13-26" href="#__codelineno-13-26"></a> <span class="c1"># 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-27" name="__codelineno-13-27" href="#__codelineno-13-27"></a> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-28" name="__codelineno-13-28" href="#__codelineno-13-28"></a> <span class="c1"># 若遇到空桶，说明无此 key ，则返回 None</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-29" name="__codelineno-13-29" href="#__codelineno-13-29"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-30" name="__codelineno-13-30" href="#__codelineno-13-30"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-31" name="__codelineno-13-31" href="#__codelineno-13-31"></a> <span class="c1"># 若遇到指定 key ，则返回对应 val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-32" name="__codelineno-13-32" href="#__codelineno-13-32"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">removed</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-33" name="__codelineno-13-33" href="#__codelineno-13-33"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-34" name="__codelineno-13-34" href="#__codelineno-13-34"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-35" name="__codelineno-13-35" href="#__codelineno-13-35"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-36" name="__codelineno-13-36" href="#__codelineno-13-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""添加操作"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-37" name="__codelineno-13-37" href="#__codelineno-13-37"></a> <span class="c1"># 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-38" name="__codelineno-13-38" href="#__codelineno-13-38"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load_factor</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">></span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load_thres</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-39" name="__codelineno-13-39" href="#__codelineno-13-39"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-40" name="__codelineno-13-40" href="#__codelineno-13-40"></a> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-41" name="__codelineno-13-41" href="#__codelineno-13-41"></a> <span class="c1"># 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-42" name="__codelineno-13-42" href="#__codelineno-13-42"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-43" name="__codelineno-13-43" href="#__codelineno-13-43"></a> <span class="c1"># 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-44" name="__codelineno-13-44" href="#__codelineno-13-44"></a> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-45" name="__codelineno-13-45" href="#__codelineno-13-45"></a> <span class="c1"># 若遇到空桶、或带有删除标记的桶，则将键值对放入该桶</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-46" name="__codelineno-13-46" href="#__codelineno-13-46"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">removed</span><span class="p">]:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-47" name="__codelineno-13-47" href="#__codelineno-13-47"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-48" name="__codelineno-13-48" href="#__codelineno-13-48"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-49" name="__codelineno-13-49" href="#__codelineno-13-49"></a> <span class="k">return</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-50" name="__codelineno-13-50" href="#__codelineno-13-50"></a> <span class="c1"># 若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-51" name="__codelineno-13-51" href="#__codelineno-13-51"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-52" name="__codelineno-13-52" href="#__codelineno-13-52"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-53" name="__codelineno-13-53" href="#__codelineno-13-53"></a> <span class="k">return</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-54" name="__codelineno-13-54" href="#__codelineno-13-54"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-55" name="__codelineno-13-55" href="#__codelineno-13-55"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-56" name="__codelineno-13-56" href="#__codelineno-13-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""删除操作"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-57" name="__codelineno-13-57" href="#__codelineno-13-57"></a> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">hash_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-58" name="__codelineno-13-58" href="#__codelineno-13-58"></a> <span class="c1"># 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-59" name="__codelineno-13-59" href="#__codelineno-13-59"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-60" name="__codelineno-13-60" href="#__codelineno-13-60"></a> <span class="c1"># 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-61" name="__codelineno-13-61" href="#__codelineno-13-61"></a> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-62" name="__codelineno-13-62" href="#__codelineno-13-62"></a> <span class="c1"># 若遇到空桶，说明无此 key ，则直接返回</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-63" name="__codelineno-13-63" href="#__codelineno-13-63"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-64" name="__codelineno-13-64" href="#__codelineno-13-64"></a> <span class="k">return</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-65" name="__codelineno-13-65" href="#__codelineno-13-65"></a> <span class="c1"># 若遇到指定 key ，则标记删除并返回</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-66" name="__codelineno-13-66" href="#__codelineno-13-66"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-67" name="__codelineno-13-67" href="#__codelineno-13-67"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">removed</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-68" name="__codelineno-13-68" href="#__codelineno-13-68"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-69" name="__codelineno-13-69" href="#__codelineno-13-69"></a> <span class="k">return</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-70" name="__codelineno-13-70" href="#__codelineno-13-70"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-71" name="__codelineno-13-71" href="#__codelineno-13-71"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-72" name="__codelineno-13-72" href="#__codelineno-13-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""扩容哈希表"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-73" name="__codelineno-13-73" href="#__codelineno-13-73"></a> <span class="c1"># 暂存原哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-74" name="__codelineno-13-74" href="#__codelineno-13-74"></a> <span class="n">buckets_tmp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-75" name="__codelineno-13-75" href="#__codelineno-13-75"></a> <span class="c1"># 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-76" name="__codelineno-13-76" href="#__codelineno-13-76"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span> <span class="o">*=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">extend_ratio</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-77" name="__codelineno-13-77" href="#__codelineno-13-77"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-78" name="__codelineno-13-78" href="#__codelineno-13-78"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-79" name="__codelineno-13-79" href="#__codelineno-13-79"></a> <span class="c1"># 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-80" name="__codelineno-13-80" href="#__codelineno-13-80"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">buckets_tmp</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-81" name="__codelineno-13-81" href="#__codelineno-13-81"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">removed</span><span class="p">]:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-82" name="__codelineno-13-82" href="#__codelineno-13-82"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-83" name="__codelineno-13-83" href="#__codelineno-13-83"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-84" name="__codelineno-13-84" href="#__codelineno-13-84"></a> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-85" name="__codelineno-13-85" href="#__codelineno-13-85"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""打印哈希表"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-86" name="__codelineno-13-86" href="#__codelineno-13-86"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-87" name="__codelineno-13-87" href="#__codelineno-13-87"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-88" name="__codelineno-13-88" href="#__codelineno-13-88"></a> <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"->"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-89" name="__codelineno-13-89" href="#__codelineno-13-89"></a> <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-90" name="__codelineno-13-90" href="#__codelineno-13-90"></a> <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"None"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 链式地址哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">float64</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">removed</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 删除标记</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newHashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&</span><span class="nx">hashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-17" name="__codelineno-14-17" href="#__codelineno-14-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">loadThres</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3.0</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-18" name="__codelineno-14-18" href="#__codelineno-14-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-19" name="__codelineno-14-19" href="#__codelineno-14-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-20" name="__codelineno-14-20" href="#__codelineno-14-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">removed</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-21" name="__codelineno-14-21" href="#__codelineno-14-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-22" name="__codelineno-14-22" href="#__codelineno-14-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"-1"</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-23" name="__codelineno-14-23" href="#__codelineno-14-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-24" name="__codelineno-14-24" href="#__codelineno-14-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-25" name="__codelineno-14-25" href="#__codelineno-14-25"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-26" name="__codelineno-14-26" href="#__codelineno-14-26"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-27" name="__codelineno-14-27" href="#__codelineno-14-27"></a><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-28" name="__codelineno-14-28" href="#__codelineno-14-28"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-29" name="__codelineno-14-29" href="#__codelineno-14-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-30" name="__codelineno-14-30" href="#__codelineno-14-30"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-31" name="__codelineno-14-31" href="#__codelineno-14-31"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-32" name="__codelineno-14-32" href="#__codelineno-14-32"></a><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-33" name="__codelineno-14-33" href="#__codelineno-14-33"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">float64</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-34" name="__codelineno-14-34" href="#__codelineno-14-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">float64</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-35" name="__codelineno-14-35" href="#__codelineno-14-35"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-36" name="__codelineno-14-36" href="#__codelineno-14-36"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-37" name="__codelineno-14-37" href="#__codelineno-14-37"></a><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-38" name="__codelineno-14-38" href="#__codelineno-14-38"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-39" name="__codelineno-14-39" href="#__codelineno-14-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-40" name="__codelineno-14-40" href="#__codelineno-14-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-41" name="__codelineno-14-41" href="#__codelineno-14-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-42" name="__codelineno-14-42" href="#__codelineno-14-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-43" name="__codelineno-14-43" href="#__codelineno-14-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-44" name="__codelineno-14-44" href="#__codelineno-14-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶，说明无此 key ，则返回 null</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-45" name="__codelineno-14-45" href="#__codelineno-14-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">{})</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-46" name="__codelineno-14-46" href="#__codelineno-14-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-47" name="__codelineno-14-47" href="#__codelineno-14-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-48" name="__codelineno-14-48" href="#__codelineno-14-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则返回对应 val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-49" name="__codelineno-14-49" href="#__codelineno-14-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">removed</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-50" name="__codelineno-14-50" href="#__codelineno-14-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-51" name="__codelineno-14-51" href="#__codelineno-14-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-52" name="__codelineno-14-52" href="#__codelineno-14-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-53" name="__codelineno-14-53" href="#__codelineno-14-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若未找到 key 则返回空字符串</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-54" name="__codelineno-14-54" href="#__codelineno-14-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-55" name="__codelineno-14-55" href="#__codelineno-14-55"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-56" name="__codelineno-14-56" href="#__codelineno-14-56"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-57" name="__codelineno-14-57" href="#__codelineno-14-57"></a><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-58" name="__codelineno-14-58" href="#__codelineno-14-58"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-59" name="__codelineno-14-59" href="#__codelineno-14-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-60" name="__codelineno-14-60" href="#__codelineno-14-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-61" name="__codelineno-14-61" href="#__codelineno-14-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-62" name="__codelineno-14-62" href="#__codelineno-14-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-63" name="__codelineno-14-63" href="#__codelineno-14-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-64" name="__codelineno-14-64" href="#__codelineno-14-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-65" name="__codelineno-14-65" href="#__codelineno-14-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-66" name="__codelineno-14-66" href="#__codelineno-14-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-67" name="__codelineno-14-67" href="#__codelineno-14-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-68" name="__codelineno-14-68" href="#__codelineno-14-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶、或带有删除标记的桶，则将键值对放入该桶</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-69" name="__codelineno-14-69" href="#__codelineno-14-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">{})</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">removed</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-70" name="__codelineno-14-70" href="#__codelineno-14-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-71" name="__codelineno-14-71" href="#__codelineno-14-71"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-72" name="__codelineno-14-72" href="#__codelineno-14-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-73" name="__codelineno-14-73" href="#__codelineno-14-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-74" name="__codelineno-14-74" href="#__codelineno-14-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-75" name="__codelineno-14-75" href="#__codelineno-14-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-76" name="__codelineno-14-76" href="#__codelineno-14-76"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-77" name="__codelineno-14-77" href="#__codelineno-14-77"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-78" name="__codelineno-14-78" href="#__codelineno-14-78"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-79" name="__codelineno-14-79" href="#__codelineno-14-79"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-80" name="__codelineno-14-80" href="#__codelineno-14-80"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-81" name="__codelineno-14-81" href="#__codelineno-14-81"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-82" name="__codelineno-14-82" href="#__codelineno-14-82"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-83" name="__codelineno-14-83" href="#__codelineno-14-83"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-84" name="__codelineno-14-84" href="#__codelineno-14-84"></a><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-85" name="__codelineno-14-85" href="#__codelineno-14-85"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-86" name="__codelineno-14-86" href="#__codelineno-14-86"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-87" name="__codelineno-14-87" href="#__codelineno-14-87"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 遍历桶，从中删除键值对</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-88" name="__codelineno-14-88" href="#__codelineno-14-88"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-89" name="__codelineno-14-89" href="#__codelineno-14-89"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-90" name="__codelineno-14-90" href="#__codelineno-14-90"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-91" name="__codelineno-14-91" href="#__codelineno-14-91"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">idx</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-92" name="__codelineno-14-92" href="#__codelineno-14-92"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶，说明无此 key ，则直接返回</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-93" name="__codelineno-14-93" href="#__codelineno-14-93"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">{})</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-94" name="__codelineno-14-94" href="#__codelineno-14-94"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-95" name="__codelineno-14-95" href="#__codelineno-14-95"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-96" name="__codelineno-14-96" href="#__codelineno-14-96"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则标记删除并返回</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-97" name="__codelineno-14-97" href="#__codelineno-14-97"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-98" name="__codelineno-14-98" href="#__codelineno-14-98"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">removed</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-99" name="__codelineno-14-99" href="#__codelineno-14-99"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-100" name="__codelineno-14-100" href="#__codelineno-14-100"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-101" name="__codelineno-14-101" href="#__codelineno-14-101"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-102" name="__codelineno-14-102" href="#__codelineno-14-102"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-103" name="__codelineno-14-103" href="#__codelineno-14-103"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-104" name="__codelineno-14-104" href="#__codelineno-14-104"></a><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-105" name="__codelineno-14-105" href="#__codelineno-14-105"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-106" name="__codelineno-14-106" href="#__codelineno-14-106"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-107" name="__codelineno-14-107" href="#__codelineno-14-107"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmpBuckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">))</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-108" name="__codelineno-14-108" href="#__codelineno-14-108"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">copy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">tmpBuckets</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-109" name="__codelineno-14-109" href="#__codelineno-14-109"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-110" name="__codelineno-14-110" href="#__codelineno-14-110"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-111" name="__codelineno-14-111" href="#__codelineno-14-111"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-112" name="__codelineno-14-112" href="#__codelineno-14-112"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-113" name="__codelineno-14-113" href="#__codelineno-14-113"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-114" name="__codelineno-14-114" href="#__codelineno-14-114"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-115" name="__codelineno-14-115" href="#__codelineno-14-115"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmpBuckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-116" name="__codelineno-14-116" href="#__codelineno-14-116"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">{})</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">removed</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-117" name="__codelineno-14-117" href="#__codelineno-14-117"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-118" name="__codelineno-14-118" href="#__codelineno-14-118"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-119" name="__codelineno-14-119" href="#__codelineno-14-119"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-120" name="__codelineno-14-120" href="#__codelineno-14-120"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-121" name="__codelineno-14-121" href="#__codelineno-14-121"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-122" name="__codelineno-14-122" href="#__codelineno-14-122"></a><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-123" name="__codelineno-14-123" href="#__codelineno-14-123"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">hashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-124" name="__codelineno-14-124" href="#__codelineno-14-124"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-125" name="__codelineno-14-125" href="#__codelineno-14-125"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">pair</span><span class="p">{})</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-126" name="__codelineno-14-126" href="#__codelineno-14-126"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">strconv</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Itoa</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">" -> "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-127" name="__codelineno-14-127" href="#__codelineno-14-127"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-128" name="__codelineno-14-128" href="#__codelineno-14-128"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"nil"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-129" name="__codelineno-14-129" href="#__codelineno-14-129"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-130" name="__codelineno-14-130" href="#__codelineno-14-130"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-131" name="__codelineno-14-131" href="#__codelineno-14-131"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="kd">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="nx">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">hashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 开放寻址哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removed</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 删除标记</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">4</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3.0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removed</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"-1"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-18" name="__codelineno-18-18" href="#__codelineno-18-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-19" name="__codelineno-18-19" href="#__codelineno-18-19"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-20" name="__codelineno-18-20" href="#__codelineno-18-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-21" name="__codelineno-18-21" href="#__codelineno-18-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-22" name="__codelineno-18-22" href="#__codelineno-18-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-23" name="__codelineno-18-23" href="#__codelineno-18-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-24" name="__codelineno-18-24" href="#__codelineno-18-24"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-25" name="__codelineno-18-25" href="#__codelineno-18-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-26" name="__codelineno-18-26" href="#__codelineno-18-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-27" name="__codelineno-18-27" href="#__codelineno-18-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-28" name="__codelineno-18-28" href="#__codelineno-18-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-29" name="__codelineno-18-29" href="#__codelineno-18-29"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-30" name="__codelineno-18-30" href="#__codelineno-18-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-31" name="__codelineno-18-31" href="#__codelineno-18-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-32" name="__codelineno-18-32" href="#__codelineno-18-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-33" name="__codelineno-18-33" href="#__codelineno-18-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-34" name="__codelineno-18-34" href="#__codelineno-18-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-35" name="__codelineno-18-35" href="#__codelineno-18-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-36" name="__codelineno-18-36" href="#__codelineno-18-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-37" name="__codelineno-18-37" href="#__codelineno-18-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶，说明无此 key ，则返回 null</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-38" name="__codelineno-18-38" href="#__codelineno-18-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-39" name="__codelineno-18-39" href="#__codelineno-18-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-40" name="__codelineno-18-40" href="#__codelineno-18-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则返回对应 val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-41" name="__codelineno-18-41" href="#__codelineno-18-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removed</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-42" name="__codelineno-18-42" href="#__codelineno-18-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-43" name="__codelineno-18-43" href="#__codelineno-18-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-44" name="__codelineno-18-44" href="#__codelineno-18-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-45" name="__codelineno-18-45" href="#__codelineno-18-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-46" name="__codelineno-18-46" href="#__codelineno-18-46"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-47" name="__codelineno-18-47" href="#__codelineno-18-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-48" name="__codelineno-18-48" href="#__codelineno-18-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-49" name="__codelineno-18-49" href="#__codelineno-18-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-50" name="__codelineno-18-50" href="#__codelineno-18-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadThres</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-51" name="__codelineno-18-51" href="#__codelineno-18-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-52" name="__codelineno-18-52" href="#__codelineno-18-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-53" name="__codelineno-18-53" href="#__codelineno-18-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-54" name="__codelineno-18-54" href="#__codelineno-18-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-55" name="__codelineno-18-55" href="#__codelineno-18-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-56" name="__codelineno-18-56" href="#__codelineno-18-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-57" name="__codelineno-18-57" href="#__codelineno-18-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-58" name="__codelineno-18-58" href="#__codelineno-18-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶、或带有删除标记的桶，则将键值对放入该桶</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-59" name="__codelineno-18-59" href="#__codelineno-18-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removed</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-60" name="__codelineno-18-60" href="#__codelineno-18-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-61" name="__codelineno-18-61" href="#__codelineno-18-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-62" name="__codelineno-18-62" href="#__codelineno-18-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-63" name="__codelineno-18-63" href="#__codelineno-18-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-64" name="__codelineno-18-64" href="#__codelineno-18-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-65" name="__codelineno-18-65" href="#__codelineno-18-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-66" name="__codelineno-18-66" href="#__codelineno-18-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-67" name="__codelineno-18-67" href="#__codelineno-18-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-68" name="__codelineno-18-68" href="#__codelineno-18-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-69" name="__codelineno-18-69" href="#__codelineno-18-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-70" name="__codelineno-18-70" href="#__codelineno-18-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-71" name="__codelineno-18-71" href="#__codelineno-18-71"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-72" name="__codelineno-18-72" href="#__codelineno-18-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-73" name="__codelineno-18-73" href="#__codelineno-18-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-74" name="__codelineno-18-74" href="#__codelineno-18-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-75" name="__codelineno-18-75" href="#__codelineno-18-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-76" name="__codelineno-18-76" href="#__codelineno-18-76"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-77" name="__codelineno-18-77" href="#__codelineno-18-77"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-78" name="__codelineno-18-78" href="#__codelineno-18-78"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-79" name="__codelineno-18-79" href="#__codelineno-18-79"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶，说明无此 key ，则直接返回</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-80" name="__codelineno-18-80" href="#__codelineno-18-80"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-81" name="__codelineno-18-81" href="#__codelineno-18-81"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-82" name="__codelineno-18-82" href="#__codelineno-18-82"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-83" name="__codelineno-18-83" href="#__codelineno-18-83"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则标记删除并返回</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-84" name="__codelineno-18-84" href="#__codelineno-18-84"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-85" name="__codelineno-18-85" href="#__codelineno-18-85"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removed</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-86" name="__codelineno-18-86" href="#__codelineno-18-86"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-87" name="__codelineno-18-87" href="#__codelineno-18-87"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-88" name="__codelineno-18-88" href="#__codelineno-18-88"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-89" name="__codelineno-18-89" href="#__codelineno-18-89"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-90" name="__codelineno-18-90" href="#__codelineno-18-90"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-91" name="__codelineno-18-91" href="#__codelineno-18-91"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-92" name="__codelineno-18-92" href="#__codelineno-18-92"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-93" name="__codelineno-18-93" href="#__codelineno-18-93"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-94" name="__codelineno-18-94" href="#__codelineno-18-94"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-95" name="__codelineno-18-95" href="#__codelineno-18-95"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-96" name="__codelineno-18-96" href="#__codelineno-18-96"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-97" name="__codelineno-18-97" href="#__codelineno-18-97"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-98" name="__codelineno-18-98" href="#__codelineno-18-98"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-99" name="__codelineno-18-99" href="#__codelineno-18-99"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-100" name="__codelineno-18-100" href="#__codelineno-18-100"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-101" name="__codelineno-18-101" href="#__codelineno-18-101"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-102" name="__codelineno-18-102" href="#__codelineno-18-102"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">removed</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-103" name="__codelineno-18-103" href="#__codelineno-18-103"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-104" name="__codelineno-18-104" href="#__codelineno-18-104"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-105" name="__codelineno-18-105" href="#__codelineno-18-105"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-106" name="__codelineno-18-106" href="#__codelineno-18-106"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-107" name="__codelineno-18-107" href="#__codelineno-18-107"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-108" name="__codelineno-18-108" href="#__codelineno-18-108"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-109" name="__codelineno-18-109" href="#__codelineno-18-109"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-110" name="__codelineno-18-110" href="#__codelineno-18-110"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-111" name="__codelineno-18-111" href="#__codelineno-18-111"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-112" name="__codelineno-18-112" href="#__codelineno-18-112"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">" -> "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-113" name="__codelineno-18-113" href="#__codelineno-18-113"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-114" name="__codelineno-18-114" href="#__codelineno-18-114"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"null"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-115" name="__codelineno-18-115" href="#__codelineno-18-115"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-116" name="__codelineno-18-116" href="#__codelineno-18-116"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-117" name="__codelineno-18-117" href="#__codelineno-18-117"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-118" name="__codelineno-18-118" href="#__codelineno-18-118"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 开放寻址哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">HashMapOpenAddressing</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">size</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">capacity</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">loadThres</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Double</span> <span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">extendRatio</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">buckets</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">?]</span> <span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a> <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nv">removed</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Pair</span> <span class="c1">// 删除标记</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a> <span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a> <span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a> <span class="n">size</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a> <span class="n">capacity</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">4</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a> <span class="n">loadThres</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mi">3</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a> <span class="n">extendRatio</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a> <span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">nil</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a> <span class="n">removed</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">"-1"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-19" name="__codelineno-19-19" href="#__codelineno-19-19"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-20" name="__codelineno-19-20" href="#__codelineno-19-20"></a> <span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-21" name="__codelineno-19-21" href="#__codelineno-19-21"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-22" name="__codelineno-19-22" href="#__codelineno-19-22"></a> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-23" name="__codelineno-19-23" href="#__codelineno-19-23"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-24" name="__codelineno-19-24" href="#__codelineno-19-24"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-25" name="__codelineno-19-25" href="#__codelineno-19-25"></a> <span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-26" name="__codelineno-19-26" href="#__codelineno-19-26"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="nb">Double</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-27" name="__codelineno-19-27" href="#__codelineno-19-27"></a> <span class="nb">Double</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-28" name="__codelineno-19-28" href="#__codelineno-19-28"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-29" name="__codelineno-19-29" href="#__codelineno-19-29"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-30" name="__codelineno-19-30" href="#__codelineno-19-30"></a> <span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-31" name="__codelineno-19-31" href="#__codelineno-19-31"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">?</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-32" name="__codelineno-19-32" href="#__codelineno-19-32"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">index</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-33" name="__codelineno-19-33" href="#__codelineno-19-33"></a> <span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-34" name="__codelineno-19-34" href="#__codelineno-19-34"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-35" name="__codelineno-19-35" href="#__codelineno-19-35"></a> <span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-36" name="__codelineno-19-36" href="#__codelineno-19-36"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">j</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-37" name="__codelineno-19-37" href="#__codelineno-19-37"></a> <span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶，说明无此 key ，则返回 nil</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-38" name="__codelineno-19-38" href="#__codelineno-19-38"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-39" name="__codelineno-19-39" href="#__codelineno-19-39"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">nil</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-40" name="__codelineno-19-40" href="#__codelineno-19-40"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-41" name="__codelineno-19-41" href="#__codelineno-19-41"></a> <span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则返回对应 val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-42" name="__codelineno-19-42" href="#__codelineno-19-42"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]?.</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="n">removed</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-43" name="__codelineno-19-43" href="#__codelineno-19-43"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]?.</span><span class="n">val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-44" name="__codelineno-19-44" href="#__codelineno-19-44"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-45" name="__codelineno-19-45" href="#__codelineno-19-45"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-46" name="__codelineno-19-46" href="#__codelineno-19-46"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">nil</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-47" name="__codelineno-19-47" href="#__codelineno-19-47"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-48" name="__codelineno-19-48" href="#__codelineno-19-48"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-49" name="__codelineno-19-49" href="#__codelineno-19-49"></a> <span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-50" name="__codelineno-19-50" href="#__codelineno-19-50"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">String</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-51" name="__codelineno-19-51" href="#__codelineno-19-51"></a> <span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-52" name="__codelineno-19-52" href="#__codelineno-19-52"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">></span> <span class="n">loadThres</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-53" name="__codelineno-19-53" href="#__codelineno-19-53"></a> <span class="bp">extend</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-54" name="__codelineno-19-54" href="#__codelineno-19-54"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-55" name="__codelineno-19-55" href="#__codelineno-19-55"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">index</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-56" name="__codelineno-19-56" href="#__codelineno-19-56"></a> <span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-57" name="__codelineno-19-57" href="#__codelineno-19-57"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">through</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-58" name="__codelineno-19-58" href="#__codelineno-19-58"></a> <span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-59" name="__codelineno-19-59" href="#__codelineno-19-59"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">j</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-60" name="__codelineno-19-60" href="#__codelineno-19-60"></a> <span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶、或带有删除标记的桶，则将键值对放入该桶</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-61" name="__codelineno-19-61" href="#__codelineno-19-61"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">removed</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-62" name="__codelineno-19-62" href="#__codelineno-19-62"></a> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-63" name="__codelineno-19-63" href="#__codelineno-19-63"></a> <span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-64" name="__codelineno-19-64" href="#__codelineno-19-64"></a> <span class="k">return</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-65" name="__codelineno-19-65" href="#__codelineno-19-65"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-66" name="__codelineno-19-66" href="#__codelineno-19-66"></a> <span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-67" name="__codelineno-19-67" href="#__codelineno-19-67"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]?.</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-68" name="__codelineno-19-68" href="#__codelineno-19-68"></a> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]?.</span><span class="n">val</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-69" name="__codelineno-19-69" href="#__codelineno-19-69"></a> <span class="k">return</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-70" name="__codelineno-19-70" href="#__codelineno-19-70"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-71" name="__codelineno-19-71" href="#__codelineno-19-71"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-72" name="__codelineno-19-72" href="#__codelineno-19-72"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-73" name="__codelineno-19-73" href="#__codelineno-19-73"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-74" name="__codelineno-19-74" href="#__codelineno-19-74"></a> <span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-75" name="__codelineno-19-75" href="#__codelineno-19-75"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-76" name="__codelineno-19-76" href="#__codelineno-19-76"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">index</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-77" name="__codelineno-19-77" href="#__codelineno-19-77"></a> <span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-78" name="__codelineno-19-78" href="#__codelineno-19-78"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="bp">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">from</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">to</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">by</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-79" name="__codelineno-19-79" href="#__codelineno-19-79"></a> <span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-80" name="__codelineno-19-80" href="#__codelineno-19-80"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">j</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-81" name="__codelineno-19-81" href="#__codelineno-19-81"></a> <span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶，说明无此 key ，则直接返回</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-82" name="__codelineno-19-82" href="#__codelineno-19-82"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="kc">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-83" name="__codelineno-19-83" href="#__codelineno-19-83"></a> <span class="k">return</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-84" name="__codelineno-19-84" href="#__codelineno-19-84"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-85" name="__codelineno-19-85" href="#__codelineno-19-85"></a> <span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则标记删除并返回</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-86" name="__codelineno-19-86" href="#__codelineno-19-86"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]?.</span><span class="n">key</span> <span class="p">==</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-87" name="__codelineno-19-87" href="#__codelineno-19-87"></a> <span class="n">buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">removed</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-88" name="__codelineno-19-88" href="#__codelineno-19-88"></a> <span class="n">size</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-89" name="__codelineno-19-89" href="#__codelineno-19-89"></a> <span class="k">return</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-90" name="__codelineno-19-90" href="#__codelineno-19-90"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-91" name="__codelineno-19-91" href="#__codelineno-19-91"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-92" name="__codelineno-19-92" href="#__codelineno-19-92"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-93" name="__codelineno-19-93" href="#__codelineno-19-93"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-94" name="__codelineno-19-94" href="#__codelineno-19-94"></a> <span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-95" name="__codelineno-19-95" href="#__codelineno-19-95"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-96" name="__codelineno-19-96" href="#__codelineno-19-96"></a> <span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-97" name="__codelineno-19-97" href="#__codelineno-19-97"></a> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">bucketsTmp</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">buckets</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-98" name="__codelineno-19-98" href="#__codelineno-19-98"></a> <span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-99" name="__codelineno-19-99" href="#__codelineno-19-99"></a> <span class="n">capacity</span> <span class="o">*=</span> <span class="n">extendRatio</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-100" name="__codelineno-19-100" href="#__codelineno-19-100"></a> <span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">nil</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-101" name="__codelineno-19-101" href="#__codelineno-19-101"></a> <span class="n">size</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-102" name="__codelineno-19-102" href="#__codelineno-19-102"></a> <span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-103" name="__codelineno-19-103" href="#__codelineno-19-103"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">bucketsTmp</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-104" name="__codelineno-19-104" href="#__codelineno-19-104"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">pair</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="n">removed</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-105" name="__codelineno-19-105" href="#__codelineno-19-105"></a> <span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-106" name="__codelineno-19-106" href="#__codelineno-19-106"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-107" name="__codelineno-19-107" href="#__codelineno-19-107"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-108" name="__codelineno-19-108" href="#__codelineno-19-108"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-109" name="__codelineno-19-109" href="#__codelineno-19-109"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-110" name="__codelineno-19-110" href="#__codelineno-19-110"></a> <span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-111" name="__codelineno-19-111" href="#__codelineno-19-111"></a> <span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">print</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-112" name="__codelineno-19-112" href="#__codelineno-19-112"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pair</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">buckets</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-113" name="__codelineno-19-113" href="#__codelineno-19-113"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="kd">let</span> <span class="nv">pair</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-114" name="__codelineno-19-114" href="#__codelineno-19-114"></a> <span class="n">Swift</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="si">\(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s"> -> </span><span class="si">\(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-115" name="__codelineno-19-115" href="#__codelineno-19-115"></a> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-116" name="__codelineno-19-116" href="#__codelineno-19-116"></a> <span class="n">Swift</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"null"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-117" name="__codelineno-19-117" href="#__codelineno-19-117"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-118" name="__codelineno-19-118" href="#__codelineno-19-118"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-119" name="__codelineno-19-119" href="#__codelineno-19-119"></a> <span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-120" name="__codelineno-19-120" href="#__codelineno-19-120"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">hash_map_open_addressing.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 开放寻址哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 键值对数量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 哈希表容量</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_loadThres</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 触发扩容的负载因子阈值</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 扩容倍数</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">?></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 桶数组</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_removed</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 删除标记</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 构造方法 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashMapOpenAddressing</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">4</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_loadThres</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3.0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">generate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_removed</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"-1"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-19" name="__codelineno-21-19" href="#__codelineno-21-19"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-20" name="__codelineno-21-20" href="#__codelineno-21-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 哈希函数 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-21" name="__codelineno-21-21" href="#__codelineno-21-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-22" name="__codelineno-21-22" href="#__codelineno-21-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-23" name="__codelineno-21-23" href="#__codelineno-21-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-24" name="__codelineno-21-24" href="#__codelineno-21-24"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-25" name="__codelineno-21-25" href="#__codelineno-21-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 负载因子 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-26" name="__codelineno-21-26" href="#__codelineno-21-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-27" name="__codelineno-21-27" href="#__codelineno-21-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">/</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-28" name="__codelineno-21-28" href="#__codelineno-21-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-29" name="__codelineno-21-29" href="#__codelineno-21-29"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-30" name="__codelineno-21-30" href="#__codelineno-21-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 查询操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-31" name="__codelineno-21-31" href="#__codelineno-21-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-32" name="__codelineno-21-32" href="#__codelineno-21-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-33" name="__codelineno-21-33" href="#__codelineno-21-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-34" name="__codelineno-21-34" href="#__codelineno-21-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-35" name="__codelineno-21-35" href="#__codelineno-21-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-36" name="__codelineno-21-36" href="#__codelineno-21-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-37" name="__codelineno-21-37" href="#__codelineno-21-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶，说明无此 key ，则返回 null</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-38" name="__codelineno-21-38" href="#__codelineno-21-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-39" name="__codelineno-21-39" href="#__codelineno-21-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则返回对应 val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-40" name="__codelineno-21-40" href="#__codelineno-21-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_removed</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-41" name="__codelineno-21-41" href="#__codelineno-21-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-42" name="__codelineno-21-42" href="#__codelineno-21-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-43" name="__codelineno-21-43" href="#__codelineno-21-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-44" name="__codelineno-21-44" href="#__codelineno-21-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-45" name="__codelineno-21-45" href="#__codelineno-21-45"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-46" name="__codelineno-21-46" href="#__codelineno-21-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 添加操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-47" name="__codelineno-21-47" href="#__codelineno-21-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-48" name="__codelineno-21-48" href="#__codelineno-21-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 当负载因子超过阈值时，执行扩容</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-49" name="__codelineno-21-49" href="#__codelineno-21-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">loadFactor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_loadThres</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-50" name="__codelineno-21-50" href="#__codelineno-21-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-51" name="__codelineno-21-51" href="#__codelineno-21-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-52" name="__codelineno-21-52" href="#__codelineno-21-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-53" name="__codelineno-21-53" href="#__codelineno-21-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-54" name="__codelineno-21-54" href="#__codelineno-21-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-55" name="__codelineno-21-55" href="#__codelineno-21-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-56" name="__codelineno-21-56" href="#__codelineno-21-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-57" name="__codelineno-21-57" href="#__codelineno-21-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶、或带有删除标记的桶，则将键值对放入该桶</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-58" name="__codelineno-21-58" href="#__codelineno-21-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_removed</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-59" name="__codelineno-21-59" href="#__codelineno-21-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-60" name="__codelineno-21-60" href="#__codelineno-21-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-61" name="__codelineno-21-61" href="#__codelineno-21-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-62" name="__codelineno-21-62" href="#__codelineno-21-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-63" name="__codelineno-21-63" href="#__codelineno-21-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则更新对应 val</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-64" name="__codelineno-21-64" href="#__codelineno-21-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-65" name="__codelineno-21-65" href="#__codelineno-21-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-66" name="__codelineno-21-66" href="#__codelineno-21-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-67" name="__codelineno-21-67" href="#__codelineno-21-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-68" name="__codelineno-21-68" href="#__codelineno-21-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-69" name="__codelineno-21-69" href="#__codelineno-21-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-70" name="__codelineno-21-70" href="#__codelineno-21-70"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-71" name="__codelineno-21-71" href="#__codelineno-21-71"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 删除操作 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-72" name="__codelineno-21-72" href="#__codelineno-21-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-73" name="__codelineno-21-73" href="#__codelineno-21-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hashFunc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-74" name="__codelineno-21-74" href="#__codelineno-21-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 线性探测，从 index 开始向后遍历</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-75" name="__codelineno-21-75" href="#__codelineno-21-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-76" name="__codelineno-21-76" href="#__codelineno-21-76"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 计算桶索引，越过尾部返回头部</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-77" name="__codelineno-21-77" href="#__codelineno-21-77"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-78" name="__codelineno-21-78" href="#__codelineno-21-78"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到空桶，说明无此 key ，则直接返回</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-79" name="__codelineno-21-79" href="#__codelineno-21-79"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-80" name="__codelineno-21-80" href="#__codelineno-21-80"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-81" name="__codelineno-21-81" href="#__codelineno-21-81"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-82" name="__codelineno-21-82" href="#__codelineno-21-82"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 若遇到指定 key ，则标记删除并返回</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-83" name="__codelineno-21-83" href="#__codelineno-21-83"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-84" name="__codelineno-21-84" href="#__codelineno-21-84"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_removed</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-85" name="__codelineno-21-85" href="#__codelineno-21-85"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-86" name="__codelineno-21-86" href="#__codelineno-21-86"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-87" name="__codelineno-21-87" href="#__codelineno-21-87"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-88" name="__codelineno-21-88" href="#__codelineno-21-88"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-89" name="__codelineno-21-89" href="#__codelineno-21-89"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-90" name="__codelineno-21-90" href="#__codelineno-21-90"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-91" name="__codelineno-21-91" href="#__codelineno-21-91"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 扩容哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-92" name="__codelineno-21-92" href="#__codelineno-21-92"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-93" name="__codelineno-21-93" href="#__codelineno-21-93"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 暂存原哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-94" name="__codelineno-21-94" href="#__codelineno-21-94"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">?></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-95" name="__codelineno-21-95" href="#__codelineno-21-95"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-96" name="__codelineno-21-96" href="#__codelineno-21-96"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-97" name="__codelineno-21-97" href="#__codelineno-21-97"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">generate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-98" name="__codelineno-21-98" href="#__codelineno-21-98"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-99" name="__codelineno-21-99" href="#__codelineno-21-99"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-100" name="__codelineno-21-100" href="#__codelineno-21-100"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bucketsTmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-101" name="__codelineno-21-101" href="#__codelineno-21-101"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_removed</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-102" name="__codelineno-21-102" href="#__codelineno-21-102"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-103" name="__codelineno-21-103" href="#__codelineno-21-103"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-104" name="__codelineno-21-104" href="#__codelineno-21-104"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-105" name="__codelineno-21-105" href="#__codelineno-21-105"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-106" name="__codelineno-21-106" href="#__codelineno-21-106"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-107" name="__codelineno-21-107" href="#__codelineno-21-107"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 打印哈希表 */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-108" name="__codelineno-21-108" href="#__codelineno-21-108"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">printHashMap</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-109" name="__codelineno-21-109" href="#__codelineno-21-109"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pair</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_buckets</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-110" name="__codelineno-21-110" href="#__codelineno-21-110"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-111" name="__codelineno-21-111" href="#__codelineno-21-111"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2"> -> </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="n">pair</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-112" name="__codelineno-21-112" href="#__codelineno-21-112"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-113" name="__codelineno-21-113" href="#__codelineno-21-113"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-114" name="__codelineno-21-114" href="#__codelineno-21-114"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-115" name="__codelineno-21-115" href="#__codelineno-21-115"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-116" name="__codelineno-21-116" href="#__codelineno-21-116"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-117" name="__codelineno-21-117" href="#__codelineno-21-117"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<h3 id="_2">多次哈希<a class="headerlink" href="#_2" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>顾名思义，多次哈希方法是使用多个哈希函数 <span class="arithmatex">\(f_1(x)\)</span> , <span class="arithmatex">\(f_2(x)\)</span> , <span class="arithmatex">\(f_3(x)\)</span> , <span class="arithmatex">\(\cdots\)</span> 进行探测。</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><strong>插入元素</strong>：若哈希函数 <span class="arithmatex">\(f_1(x)\)</span> 出现冲突，则尝试 <span class="arithmatex">\(f_2(x)\)</span> ，以此类推，直到找到空位后插入元素。</li>
|
||
<li><strong>查找元素</strong>：在相同的哈希函数顺序下进行查找，直到找到目标元素时返回；或遇到空位或已尝试所有哈希函数，说明哈希表中不存在该元素，则返回 <span class="arithmatex">\(\text{None}\)</span> 。</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>与线性探测相比，多次哈希方法不易产生聚集，但多个哈希函数会增加额外的计算量。</p>
|
||
<div class="admonition note">
|
||
<p class="admonition-title">编程语言的选择</p>
|
||
<p>Java 采用链式地址。自 JDK 1.8 以来，当 HashMap 内数组长度达到 64 且链表长度达到 8 时，链表会被转换为红黑树以提升查找性能。</p>
|
||
<p>Python 采用开放寻址。字典 dict 使用伪随机数进行探测。</p>
|
||
<p>Golang 采用链式地址。Go 规定每个桶最多存储 8 个键值对，超出容量则连接一个溢出桶；当溢出桶过多时，会执行一次特殊的等量扩容操作，以确保性能。</p>
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