hello-algo/chapter_stack_and_queue/summary/index.html
2023-07-09 03:02:15 +08:00

2405 lines
No EOL
59 KiB
HTML
Raw Blame History

This file contains invisible Unicode characters

This file contains invisible Unicode characters that are indistinguishable to humans but may be processed differently by a computer. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<!doctype html>
<html lang="zh" class="no-js">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
<meta name="description" content="动画图解、一键运行的数据结构与算法教程">
<meta name="author" content="Krahets">
<link rel="canonical" href="https://www.hello-algo.com/chapter_stack_and_queue/summary/">
<link rel="prev" href="../deque/">
<link rel="next" href="../../chapter_hashing/">
<link rel="icon" href="../../assets/images/favicon.png">
<meta name="generator" content="mkdocs-1.4.2, mkdocs-material-9.1.11">
<title>5.4.   小结 - Hello 算法</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/stylesheets/main.85bb2934.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/stylesheets/palette.a6bdf11c.min.css">
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Noto+Sans+SC:300,300i,400,400i,700,700i%7CFira+Code:400,400i,700,700i&display=fallback">
<style>:root{--md-text-font:"Noto Sans SC";--md-code-font:"Fira Code"}</style>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../stylesheets/extra.css">
<script>__md_scope=new URL("../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script>
</head>
<body dir="ltr" data-md-color-scheme="default" data-md-color-primary="white" data-md-color-accent="indigo">
<script>var palette=__md_get("__palette");if(palette&&"object"==typeof palette.color)for(var key of Object.keys(palette.color))document.body.setAttribute("data-md-color-"+key,palette.color[key])</script>
<input class="md-toggle" data-md-toggle="drawer" type="checkbox" id="__drawer" autocomplete="off">
<input class="md-toggle" data-md-toggle="search" type="checkbox" id="__search" autocomplete="off">
<label class="md-overlay" for="__drawer"></label>
<div data-md-component="skip">
<a href="#54" class="md-skip">
跳转至
</a>
</div>
<div data-md-component="announce">
</div>
<header class="md-header md-header--shadow" data-md-component="header">
<nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label="页眉">
<a href="../.." title="Hello 算法" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="Hello 算法" data-md-component="logo">
<img src="../../assets/images/logo.png" alt="logo">
</a>
<label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__drawer">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3V6m0 5h18v2H3v-2m0 5h18v2H3v-2Z"/></svg>
</label>
<div class="md-header__title" data-md-component="header-title">
<div class="md-header__ellipsis">
<div class="md-header__topic">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Hello 算法
</span>
</div>
<div class="md-header__topic" data-md-component="header-topic">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
5.4. &nbsp; 小结
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<form class="md-header__option" data-md-component="palette">
<input class="md-option" data-md-color-media="" data-md-color-scheme="default" data-md-color-primary="white" data-md-color-accent="indigo" aria-label="Switch to dark mode" type="radio" name="__palette" id="__palette_1">
<label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to dark mode" for="__palette_2" hidden>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 7a5 5 0 0 1 5 5 5 5 0 0 1-5 5 5 5 0 0 1-5-5 5 5 0 0 1 5-5m0 2a3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3m0-7 2.39 3.42C13.65 5.15 12.84 5 12 5c-.84 0-1.65.15-2.39.42L12 2M3.34 7l4.16-.35A7.2 7.2 0 0 0 5.94 8.5c-.44.74-.69 1.5-.83 2.29L3.34 7m.02 10 1.76-3.77a7.131 7.131 0 0 0 2.38 4.14L3.36 17M20.65 7l-1.77 3.79a7.023 7.023 0 0 0-2.38-4.15l4.15.36m-.01 10-4.14.36c.59-.51 1.12-1.14 1.54-1.86.42-.73.69-1.5.83-2.29L20.64 17M12 22l-2.41-3.44c.74.27 1.55.44 2.41.44.82 0 1.63-.17 2.37-.44L12 22Z"/></svg>
</label>
<input class="md-option" data-md-color-media="" data-md-color-scheme="slate" data-md-color-primary="grey" data-md-color-accent="indigo" aria-label="Switch to light mode" type="radio" name="__palette" id="__palette_2">
<label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to light mode" for="__palette_1" hidden>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m17.75 4.09-2.53 1.94.91 3.06-2.63-1.81-2.63 1.81.91-3.06-2.53-1.94L12.44 4l1.06-3 1.06 3 3.19.09m3.5 6.91-1.64 1.25.59 1.98-1.7-1.17-1.7 1.17.59-1.98L15.75 11l2.06-.05L18.5 9l.69 1.95 2.06.05m-2.28 4.95c.83-.08 1.72 1.1 1.19 1.85-.32.45-.66.87-1.08 1.27C15.17 23 8.84 23 4.94 19.07c-3.91-3.9-3.91-10.24 0-14.14.4-.4.82-.76 1.27-1.08.75-.53 1.93.36 1.85 1.19-.27 2.86.69 5.83 2.89 8.02a9.96 9.96 0 0 0 8.02 2.89m-1.64 2.02a12.08 12.08 0 0 1-7.8-3.47c-2.17-2.19-3.33-5-3.49-7.82-2.81 3.14-2.7 7.96.31 10.98 3.02 3.01 7.84 3.12 10.98.31Z"/></svg>
</label>
</form>
<label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.516 6.516 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5Z"/></svg>
</label>
<div class="md-search" data-md-component="search" role="dialog">
<label class="md-search__overlay" for="__search"></label>
<div class="md-search__inner" role="search">
<form class="md-search__form" name="search">
<input type="text" class="md-search__input" name="query" aria-label="搜索" placeholder="搜索" autocapitalize="off" autocorrect="off" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" data-md-component="search-query" required>
<label class="md-search__icon md-icon" for="__search">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.516 6.516 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5Z"/></svg>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
</label>
<nav class="md-search__options" aria-label="查找">
<a href="javascript:void(0)" class="md-search__icon md-icon" title="分享" aria-label="分享" data-clipboard data-clipboard-text="" data-md-component="search-share" tabindex="-1">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M18 16.08c-.76 0-1.44.3-1.96.77L8.91 12.7c.05-.23.09-.46.09-.7 0-.24-.04-.47-.09-.7l7.05-4.11c.54.5 1.25.81 2.04.81a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3c0 .24.04.47.09.7L8.04 9.81C7.5 9.31 6.79 9 6 9a3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3c.79 0 1.5-.31 2.04-.81l7.12 4.15c-.05.21-.08.43-.08.66 0 1.61 1.31 2.91 2.92 2.91 1.61 0 2.92-1.3 2.92-2.91A2.92 2.92 0 0 0 18 16.08Z"/></svg>
</a>
<button type="reset" class="md-search__icon md-icon" title="清空当前内容" aria-label="清空当前内容" tabindex="-1">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 6.41 17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12 19 6.41Z"/></svg>
</button>
</nav>
<div class="md-search__suggest" data-md-component="search-suggest"></div>
</form>
<div class="md-search__output">
<div class="md-search__scrollwrap" data-md-scrollfix>
<div class="md-search-result" data-md-component="search-result">
<div class="md-search-result__meta">
正在初始化搜索引擎
</div>
<ol class="md-search-result__list" role="presentation"></ol>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="md-header__source">
<a href="https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo" title="前往仓库" class="md-source" data-md-component="source">
<div class="md-source__icon md-icon">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.4.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2023 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M165.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6zm-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3zm44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9zM244.8 8C106.1 8 0 113.3 0 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C428.2 457.8 496 362.9 496 252 496 113.3 383.5 8 244.8 8zM97.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1zm-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7zm32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1zm-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9 1.6 2.3 4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3 1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2z"/></svg>
</div>
<div class="md-source__repository">
krahets/hello-algo
</div>
</a>
</div>
</nav>
</header>
<div class="md-container" data-md-component="container">
<main class="md-main" data-md-component="main">
<div class="md-main__inner md-grid">
<div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--primary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="navigation" >
<div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
<div class="md-sidebar__inner">
<nav class="md-nav md-nav--primary" aria-label="导航栏" data-md-level="0">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__drawer">
<a href="../.." title="Hello 算法" class="md-nav__button md-logo" aria-label="Hello 算法" data-md-component="logo">
<img src="../../assets/images/logo.png" alt="logo">
</a>
Hello 算法
</label>
<div class="md-nav__source">
<a href="https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo" title="前往仓库" class="md-source" data-md-component="source">
<div class="md-source__icon md-icon">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.4.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2023 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M165.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6zm-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3zm44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9zM244.8 8C106.1 8 0 113.3 0 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C428.2 457.8 496 362.9 496 252 496 113.3 383.5 8 244.8 8zM97.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1zm-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7zm32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1zm-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9 1.6 2.3 4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3 1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2z"/></svg>
</div>
<div class="md-source__repository">
krahets/hello-algo
</div>
</a>
</div>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_1" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
<a href="../../chapter_preface/">0. &nbsp; &nbsp; 前言</a>
<label for="__nav_1">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_1_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_1">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
0. &nbsp; &nbsp; 前言
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_preface/about_the_book/" class="md-nav__link">
0.1. &nbsp; 关于本书
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_preface/suggestions/" class="md-nav__link">
0.2. &nbsp; 如何使用本书
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_preface/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
0.3. &nbsp; 小结
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_2" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
<a href="../../chapter_introduction/">1. &nbsp; &nbsp; 初识算法</a>
<label for="__nav_2">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_2_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
1. &nbsp; &nbsp; 初识算法
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_introduction/algorithms_are_everywhere/" class="md-nav__link">
1.1. &nbsp; 算法无处不在
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_introduction/what_is_dsa/" class="md-nav__link">
1.2. &nbsp; 算法是什么
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_introduction/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
1.3. &nbsp; 小结
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_3" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/">2. &nbsp; &nbsp; 复杂度</a>
<label for="__nav_3">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_3_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
2. &nbsp; &nbsp; 复杂度
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/performance_evaluation/" class="md-nav__link">
2.1. &nbsp; 算法效率评估
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/" class="md-nav__link">
2.2. &nbsp; 时间复杂度
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/" class="md-nav__link">
2.3. &nbsp; 空间复杂度
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
2.4. &nbsp; 小结
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_4" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/">3. &nbsp; &nbsp; 数据结构</a>
<label for="__nav_4">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_4_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
3. &nbsp; &nbsp; 数据结构
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/classification_of_data_structure/" class="md-nav__link">
3.1. &nbsp; 数据结构分类
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/basic_data_types/" class="md-nav__link">
3.2. &nbsp; 基本数据类型
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/number_encoding/" class="md-nav__link">
3.3. &nbsp; 数字编码 *
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/character_encoding/" class="md-nav__link">
3.4. &nbsp; 字符编码 *
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
3.5. &nbsp; 小结
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_5" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/">4. &nbsp; &nbsp; 数组与链表</a>
<label for="__nav_5">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_5_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_5">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
4. &nbsp; &nbsp; 数组与链表
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/" class="md-nav__link">
4.1. &nbsp; 数组
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/" class="md-nav__link">
4.2. &nbsp; 链表
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/" class="md-nav__link">
4.3. &nbsp; 列表
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
4.4. &nbsp; 小结
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_6" checked>
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
<a href="../">5. &nbsp; &nbsp; 栈与队列</a>
<label for="__nav_6">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_6_label" aria-expanded="true">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_6">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
5. &nbsp; &nbsp; 栈与队列
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../stack/" class="md-nav__link">
5.1. &nbsp;
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../queue/" class="md-nav__link">
5.2. &nbsp; 队列
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../deque/" class="md-nav__link">
5.3. &nbsp; 双向队列
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" type="checkbox" id="__toc">
<label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
5.4. &nbsp; 小结
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
5.4. &nbsp; 小结
</a>
<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="目录">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
目录
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#541-q-a" class="md-nav__link">
5.4.1. &nbsp; Q &amp; A
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_7" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
<a href="../../chapter_hashing/">6. &nbsp; &nbsp; 散列表</a>
<label for="__nav_7">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_7_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_7">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
6. &nbsp; &nbsp; 散列表
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_hashing/hash_map/" class="md-nav__link">
6.1. &nbsp; 哈希表New
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_hashing/hash_collision/" class="md-nav__link">
6.2. &nbsp; 哈希冲突New
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_hashing/hash_algorithm/" class="md-nav__link">
6.3. &nbsp; 哈希算法New
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_hashing/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
6.4. &nbsp; 小结
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_8" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
<a href="../../chapter_tree/">7. &nbsp; &nbsp;</a>
<label for="__nav_8">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_8_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_8">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
7. &nbsp; &nbsp;
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
7.1. &nbsp; 二叉树
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/" class="md-nav__link">
7.2. &nbsp; 二叉树遍历
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_tree/array_representation_of_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
7.3. &nbsp; 二叉树数组表示
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
7.4. &nbsp; 二叉搜索树
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_tree/avl_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
7.5. &nbsp; AVL 树 *
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_tree/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
7.6. &nbsp; 小结
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_9" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
<a href="../../chapter_heap/">8. &nbsp; &nbsp;</a>
<label for="__nav_9">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_9_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_9">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
8. &nbsp; &nbsp;
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_heap/heap/" class="md-nav__link">
8.1. &nbsp;
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_heap/build_heap/" class="md-nav__link">
8.2. &nbsp; 建堆操作
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_heap/top_k/" class="md-nav__link">
8.3. &nbsp; Top-K 问题New
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_heap/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
8.4. &nbsp; 小结
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_10" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
<a href="../../chapter_graph/">9. &nbsp; &nbsp;</a>
<label for="__nav_10">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_10_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_10">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
9. &nbsp; &nbsp;
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph/" class="md-nav__link">
9.1. &nbsp;
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph_operations/" class="md-nav__link">
9.2. &nbsp; 图基础操作
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph_traversal/" class="md-nav__link">
9.3. &nbsp; 图的遍历
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_graph/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
9.4. &nbsp; 小结
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_11" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
<a href="../../chapter_searching/">10. &nbsp; &nbsp; 搜索</a>
<label for="__nav_11">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_11_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_11">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
10. &nbsp; &nbsp; 搜索
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_searching/binary_search/" class="md-nav__link">
10.1. &nbsp; 二分查找
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_searching/binary_search_edge/" class="md-nav__link">
10.2. &nbsp; 二分查找边界
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_searching/replace_linear_by_hashing/" class="md-nav__link">
10.3. &nbsp; 哈希优化策略
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_searching/searching_algorithm_revisited/" class="md-nav__link">
10.4. &nbsp; 重识搜索算法
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_searching/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
10.5. &nbsp; 小结
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_12" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/">11. &nbsp; &nbsp; 排序</a>
<label for="__nav_12">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_12_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_12">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
11. &nbsp; &nbsp; 排序
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/sorting_algorithm/" class="md-nav__link">
11.1. &nbsp; 排序算法
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/selection_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
11.2. &nbsp; 选择排序
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/bubble_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
11.3. &nbsp; 冒泡排序
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/insertion_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
11.4. &nbsp; 插入排序
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/quick_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
11.5. &nbsp; 快速排序
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/merge_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
11.6. &nbsp; 归并排序
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/heap_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
11.7. &nbsp; 堆排序
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/bucket_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
11.8. &nbsp; 桶排序
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/counting_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
11.9. &nbsp; 计数排序
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/radix_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
11.10. &nbsp; 基数排序
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
11.11. &nbsp; 小结
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_13" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/">12. &nbsp; &nbsp; 回溯</a>
<label for="__nav_13">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_13_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_13">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
12. &nbsp; &nbsp; 回溯
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/" class="md-nav__link">
12.1. &nbsp; 回溯算法
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/permutations_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
12.2. &nbsp; 全排列问题
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/subset_sum_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
12.3. &nbsp; 子集和问题New
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/n_queens_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
12.4. &nbsp; N 皇后问题
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
12.5. &nbsp; 小结
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_14" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
<a href="../../chapter_dynamic_programming/">13. &nbsp; &nbsp; 动态规划</a>
<label for="__nav_14">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_14_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_14">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
13. &nbsp; &nbsp; 动态规划
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_dynamic_programming/intro_to_dynamic_programming/" class="md-nav__link">
13.1. &nbsp; 初探动态规划New
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_problem_features/" class="md-nav__link">
13.2. &nbsp; DP 问题特性New
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_solution_pipeline/" class="md-nav__link">
13.3. &nbsp; DP 解题思路New
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_dynamic_programming/knapsack_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
13.4. &nbsp; 0-1 背包问题New
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_15" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_15" id="__nav_15_label" tabindex="0">
14. &nbsp; &nbsp; 附录
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_15_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_15">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
14. &nbsp; &nbsp; 附录
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_appendix/installation/" class="md-nav__link">
14.1. &nbsp; 编程环境安装
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_appendix/contribution/" class="md-nav__link">
14.2. &nbsp; 一起参与创作
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_16" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
<a href="../../chapter_reference/">参考文献</a>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_16_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_16">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
参考文献
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
<div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
<div class="md-sidebar__inner">
<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="目录">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
目录
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#541-q-a" class="md-nav__link">
5.4.1. &nbsp; Q &amp; A
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
<article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
<a href="https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo/tree/main/docs/chapter_stack_and_queue/summary.md" title="编辑此页" class="md-content__button md-icon">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M10 20H6V4h7v5h5v3.1l2-2V8l-6-6H6c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v16c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h4v-2m10.2-7c.1 0 .3.1.4.2l1.3 1.3c.2.2.2.6 0 .8l-1 1-2.1-2.1 1-1c.1-.1.2-.2.4-.2m0 3.9L14.1 23H12v-2.1l6.1-6.1 2.1 2.1Z"/></svg>
</a>
<h1 id="54">5.4. &nbsp; 小结<a class="headerlink" href="#54" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
<ul>
<li>栈是一种遵循先入后出原则的数据结构,可通过数组或链表来实现。</li>
<li>从时间效率角度看,栈的数组实现具有较高的平均效率,但在扩容过程中,单次入栈操作的时间复杂度会降低至 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span> 。相比之下,基于链表实现的栈具有更为稳定的效率表现。</li>
<li>在空间效率方面,栈的数组实现可能导致一定程度的空间浪费。但需要注意的是,链表节点所占用的内存空间比数组元素更大。</li>
<li>队列是一种遵循先入先出原则的数据结构,同样可以通过数组或链表来实现。在时间效率和空间效率的对比上,队列的结论与前述栈的结论相似。</li>
<li>双向队列是一种具有更高自由度的队列,它允许在两端进行元素的添加和删除操作。</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="541-q-a">5.4.1. &nbsp; Q &amp; A<a class="headerlink" href="#541-q-a" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<div class="admonition question">
<p class="admonition-title">浏览器的前进后退是否是双向链表实现?</p>
<p>浏览器的前进后退功能本质上是“栈”的体现。当用户访问一个新页面时,该页面会被添加到栈顶;当用户点击后退按钮时,该页面会从栈顶弹出。使用双向队列可以方便实现一些额外操作,这个在双向队列章节有提到。</p>
</div>
<div class="admonition question">
<p class="admonition-title">在出栈后,是否需要释放出栈节点的内存?</p>
<p>如果后续仍需要使用弹出节点,则不需要释放内存。若之后不需要用到,<code>Java</code><code>Python</code> 等语言拥有自动垃圾回收机制,因此不需要手动释放内存;在 <code>C</code><code>C++</code> 中需要手动释放内存。</p>
</div>
<div class="admonition question">
<p class="admonition-title">双向队列像是两个栈拼接在了一起,它的用途是什么?</p>
<p>双向队列就像是栈和队列的组合,或者是两个栈拼在了一起。它表现的是栈 + 队列的逻辑,因此可以实现栈与队列的所有应用,并且更加灵活。</p>
</div>
<h2 id="__comments">评论</h2>
<!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
<script
src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
data-repo="krahets/hello-algo"
data-repo-id="R_kgDOIXtSqw"
data-category="Announcements"
data-category-id="DIC_kwDOIXtSq84CSZk_"
data-mapping="pathname"
data-strict="1"
data-reactions-enabled="1"
data-emit-metadata="0"
data-input-position="top"
data-theme="preferred_color_scheme"
data-lang="zh-CN"
crossorigin="anonymous"
async
>
</script>
<!-- Synchronize Giscus theme with palette -->
<script>
var giscus = document.querySelector("script[src*=giscus]")
/* Set palette on initial load */
var palette = __md_get("__palette")
if (palette && typeof palette.color === "object") {
var theme = palette.color.scheme === "slate" ? "dark" : "light"
giscus.setAttribute("data-theme", theme)
}
/* Register event handlers after documented loaded */
document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function() {
var ref = document.querySelector("[data-md-component=palette]")
ref.addEventListener("change", function() {
var palette = __md_get("__palette")
if (palette && typeof palette.color === "object") {
var theme = palette.color.scheme === "slate" ? "dark" : "light"
/* Instruct Giscus to change theme */
var frame = document.querySelector(".giscus-frame")
frame.contentWindow.postMessage(
{ giscus: { setConfig: { theme } } },
"https://giscus.app"
)
}
})
})
</script>
</article>
</div>
<script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var tab,labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script>
</div>
<button type="button" class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component="top" hidden>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8v12Z"/></svg>
回到页面顶部
</button>
</main>
<footer class="md-footer">
<nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="页脚" >
<a href="../deque/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="上一页: 5.3. &amp;nbsp; 双向队列" rel="prev">
<div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
</div>
<div class="md-footer__title">
<span class="md-footer__direction">
上一页
</span>
<div class="md-ellipsis">
5.3. &nbsp; 双向队列
</div>
</div>
</a>
<a href="../../chapter_hashing/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="下一页: 6. &amp;nbsp; 散列表" rel="next">
<div class="md-footer__title">
<span class="md-footer__direction">
下一页
</span>
<div class="md-ellipsis">
6. &nbsp; 散列表
</div>
</div>
<div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg>
</div>
</a>
</nav>
<div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
<div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
<div class="md-copyright">
<div class="md-copyright__highlight">
Copyright &copy; 2023 Krahets
</div>
</div>
<div class="md-social">
<a href="https://github.com/krahets" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="github.com" class="md-social__link">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.4.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2023 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M165.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6zm-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3zm44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9zM244.8 8C106.1 8 0 113.3 0 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C428.2 457.8 496 362.9 496 252 496 113.3 383.5 8 244.8 8zM97.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1zm-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7zm32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1zm-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9 1.6 2.3 4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3 1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2z"/></svg>
</a>
<a href="https://twitter.com/krahets" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="twitter.com" class="md-social__link">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.4.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2023 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M459.37 151.716c.325 4.548.325 9.097.325 13.645 0 138.72-105.583 298.558-298.558 298.558-59.452 0-114.68-17.219-161.137-47.106 8.447.974 16.568 1.299 25.34 1.299 49.055 0 94.213-16.568 130.274-44.832-46.132-.975-84.792-31.188-98.112-72.772 6.498.974 12.995 1.624 19.818 1.624 9.421 0 18.843-1.3 27.614-3.573-48.081-9.747-84.143-51.98-84.143-102.985v-1.299c13.969 7.797 30.214 12.67 47.431 13.319-28.264-18.843-46.781-51.005-46.781-87.391 0-19.492 5.197-37.36 14.294-52.954 51.655 63.675 129.3 105.258 216.365 109.807-1.624-7.797-2.599-15.918-2.599-24.04 0-57.828 46.782-104.934 104.934-104.934 30.213 0 57.502 12.67 76.67 33.137 23.715-4.548 46.456-13.32 66.599-25.34-7.798 24.366-24.366 44.833-46.132 57.827 21.117-2.273 41.584-8.122 60.426-16.243-14.292 20.791-32.161 39.308-52.628 54.253z"/></svg>
</a>
<a href="https://leetcode.cn/u/jyd/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="leetcode.cn" class="md-social__link">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 640 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.4.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2023 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M392.8 1.2c-17-4.9-34.7 5-39.6 22l-128 448c-4.9 17 5 34.7 22 39.6s34.7-5 39.6-22l128-448c4.9-17-5-34.7-22-39.6zm80.6 120.1c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3l89.3 89.4-89.4 89.4c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3s32.8 12.5 45.3 0l112-112c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3l-112-112c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0zm-306.7 0c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0l-112 112c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3l112 112c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0s12.5-32.8 0-45.3L77.3 256l89.4-89.4c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3z"/></svg>
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</footer>
</div>
<div class="md-dialog" data-md-component="dialog">
<div class="md-dialog__inner md-typeset"></div>
</div>
<script id="__config" type="application/json">{"base": "../..", "features": ["content.action.edit", "content.code.annotate", "content.code.copy", "content.tabs.link", "content.tooltips", "navigation.indexes", "navigation.top", "navigation.footer", "navigation.tracking", "search.highlight", "search.share", "search.suggest", "toc.follow"], "search": "../../assets/javascripts/workers/search.208ed371.min.js", "translations": {"clipboard.copied": "\u5df2\u590d\u5236", "clipboard.copy": "\u590d\u5236", "search.result.more.one": "\u5728\u8be5\u9875\u4e0a\u8fd8\u6709 1 \u4e2a\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u7ed3\u679c", "search.result.more.other": "\u5728\u8be5\u9875\u4e0a\u8fd8\u6709 # \u4e2a\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u7ed3\u679c", "search.result.none": "\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u7ed3\u679c", "search.result.one": "\u627e\u5230 1 \u4e2a\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u7ed3\u679c", "search.result.other": "# \u4e2a\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u7ed3\u679c", "search.result.placeholder": "\u952e\u5165\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u641c\u7d22", "search.result.term.missing": "\u7f3a\u5c11", "select.version": "\u9009\u62e9\u5f53\u524d\u7248\u672c"}}</script>
<script src="../../assets/javascripts/bundle.fac441b0.min.js"></script>
<script src="../../javascripts/mathjax.js"></script>
<script src="https://polyfill.io/v3/polyfill.min.js?features=es6"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@3/es5/tex-mml-chtml.js"></script>
</body>
</html>