mirror of
https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
synced 2024-12-25 13:46:30 +08:00
1623e3c6a8
* ci(kotlin): Add workflow file. * Update kotlin.yml * style(kotlin): value -> _val --------- Co-authored-by: Yudong Jin <krahets@163.com>
161 lines
No EOL
4.9 KiB
Kotlin
161 lines
No EOL
4.9 KiB
Kotlin
/**
|
|
* File: hash_map_open_addressing.kt
|
|
* Created Time: 2024-01-25
|
|
* Author: curtishd (1023632660@qq.com)
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
package chapter_hashing
|
|
|
|
/* 开放寻址哈希表 */
|
|
class HashMapOpenAddressing {
|
|
private var size: Int // 键值对数量
|
|
private var capacity: Int // 哈希表容量
|
|
private val loadThres: Double // 触发扩容的负载因子阈值
|
|
private val extendRatio: Int // 扩容倍数
|
|
private var buckets: Array<Pair?> // 桶数组
|
|
private val TOMBSTONE: Pair // 删除标记
|
|
|
|
/* 构造方法 */
|
|
init {
|
|
size = 0
|
|
capacity = 4
|
|
loadThres = 2.0 / 3.0
|
|
extendRatio = 2
|
|
buckets = arrayOfNulls(capacity)
|
|
TOMBSTONE = Pair(-1, "-1")
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 哈希函数 */
|
|
fun hashFunc(key: Int): Int {
|
|
return key % capacity
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 负载因子 */
|
|
fun loadFactor(): Double {
|
|
return (size / capacity).toDouble()
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 搜索 key 对应的桶索引 */
|
|
fun findBucket(key: Int): Int {
|
|
var index = hashFunc(key)
|
|
var firstTombstone = -1
|
|
// 线性探测,当遇到空桶时跳出
|
|
while (buckets[index] != null) {
|
|
// 若遇到 key ,返回对应的桶索引
|
|
if (buckets[index]?.key == key) {
|
|
// 若之前遇到了删除标记,则将键值对移动至该索引处
|
|
if (firstTombstone != -1) {
|
|
buckets[firstTombstone] = buckets[index]
|
|
buckets[index] = TOMBSTONE
|
|
return firstTombstone // 返回移动后的桶索引
|
|
}
|
|
return index // 返回桶索引
|
|
}
|
|
// 记录遇到的首个删除标记
|
|
if (firstTombstone == -1 && buckets[index] == TOMBSTONE) {
|
|
firstTombstone = index
|
|
}
|
|
// 计算桶索引,越过尾部则返回头部
|
|
index = (index + 1) % capacity
|
|
}
|
|
// 若 key 不存在,则返回添加点的索引
|
|
return if (firstTombstone == -1) index else firstTombstone
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 查询操作 */
|
|
fun get(key: Int): String? {
|
|
// 搜索 key 对应的桶索引
|
|
val index = findBucket(key)
|
|
// 若找到键值对,则返回对应 val
|
|
if (buckets[index] != null && buckets[index] != TOMBSTONE) {
|
|
return buckets[index]?._val
|
|
}
|
|
// 若键值对不存在,则返回 null
|
|
return null
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 添加操作 */
|
|
fun put(key: Int, _val: String) {
|
|
// 当负载因子超过阈值时,执行扩容
|
|
if (loadFactor() > loadThres) {
|
|
extend()
|
|
}
|
|
// 搜索 key 对应的桶索引
|
|
val index = findBucket(key)
|
|
// 若找到键值对,则覆盖 val 并返回
|
|
if (buckets[index] != null && buckets[index] != TOMBSTONE) {
|
|
buckets[index]!!._val = _val
|
|
return
|
|
}
|
|
// 若键值对不存在,则添加该键值对
|
|
buckets[index] = Pair(key, _val)
|
|
size++
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 删除操作 */
|
|
fun remove(key: Int) {
|
|
// 搜索 key 对应的桶索引
|
|
val index = findBucket(key)
|
|
// 若找到键值对,则用删除标记覆盖它
|
|
if (buckets[index] != null && buckets[index] != TOMBSTONE) {
|
|
buckets[index] = TOMBSTONE
|
|
size--
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 扩容哈希表 */
|
|
fun extend() {
|
|
// 暂存原哈希表
|
|
val bucketsTmp = buckets
|
|
// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表
|
|
capacity *= extendRatio
|
|
buckets = arrayOfNulls(capacity)
|
|
size = 0
|
|
// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表
|
|
for (pair in bucketsTmp) {
|
|
if (pair != null && pair != TOMBSTONE) {
|
|
put(pair.key, pair._val)
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 打印哈希表 */
|
|
fun print() {
|
|
for (pair in buckets) {
|
|
if (pair == null) {
|
|
println("null")
|
|
} else if (pair == TOMBSTONE) {
|
|
println("TOMESTOME")
|
|
} else {
|
|
println("${pair.key} -> ${pair._val}")
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Driver Code */
|
|
fun main() {
|
|
// 初始化哈希表
|
|
val hashmap = HashMapOpenAddressing()
|
|
|
|
// 添加操作
|
|
// 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, val)
|
|
hashmap.put(12836, "小哈")
|
|
hashmap.put(15937, "小啰")
|
|
hashmap.put(16750, "小算")
|
|
hashmap.put(13276, "小法")
|
|
hashmap.put(10583, "小鸭")
|
|
println("\n添加完成后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value")
|
|
hashmap.print()
|
|
|
|
// 查询操作
|
|
// 向哈希表中输入键 key ,得到值 val
|
|
val name = hashmap.get(13276)
|
|
println("\n输入学号 13276 ,查询到姓名 $name")
|
|
|
|
// 删除操作
|
|
// 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, val)
|
|
hashmap.remove(16750)
|
|
println("\n删除 16750 后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value")
|
|
hashmap.print()
|
|
} |