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51 lines
1.4 KiB
Python
51 lines
1.4 KiB
Python
"""
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File: permutations_ii.py
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Created Time: 2023-04-15
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Author: Krahets (krahets@163.com)
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"""
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import sys, os.path as osp
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sys.path.append(osp.dirname(osp.dirname(osp.abspath(__file__))))
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from modules import *
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def backtrack(
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state: list[int], choices: list[int], selected: list[bool], res: list[list[int]]
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):
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"""回溯算法：全排列 II"""
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# 当状态长度等于元素数量时，记录解
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if len(state) == len(choices):
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res.append(list(state))
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return
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# 遍历所有选择
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duplicated = set[int]()
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for i, choice in enumerate(choices):
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# 剪枝：不允许重复选择元素 且 不允许重复选择相等元素
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if not selected[i] and choice not in duplicated:
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# 尝试：做出选择，更新状态
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duplicated.add(choice) # 记录选择过的元素值
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selected[i] = True
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state.append(choice)
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# 进行下一轮选择
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backtrack(state, choices, selected, res)
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# 回退：撤销选择，恢复到之前的状态
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selected[i] = False
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state.pop()
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def permutations_ii(nums: list[int]) -> list[list[int]]:
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"""全排列 II"""
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res = []
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backtrack(state=[], choices=nums, selected=[False] * len(nums), res=res)
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return res
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"""Driver Code"""
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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nums = [1, 2, 2]
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res = permutations_ii(nums)
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print(f"输入数组 nums = {nums}")
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print(f"所有排列 res = {res}")
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