mirror of
https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
synced 2024-12-26 22:06:28 +08:00
b1f8857212
* rust : add codes for chapter_dynamic_programming * zig : add codes for chapter_dynamic_programming * rust : add codes for chapter_backtracking * Update n_queens.rs --------- Co-authored-by: Yudong Jin <krahets@163.com>
130 lines
4.5 KiB
Rust
130 lines
4.5 KiB
Rust
/*
|
|
* File: edit_distance.rs
|
|
* Created Time: 2023-07-09
|
|
* Author: sjinzh (sjinzh@gmail.com)
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
/* 编辑距离:暴力搜索 */
|
|
fn edit_distance_dfs(s: &str, t: &str, i: usize, j: usize) -> i32 {
|
|
// 若 s 和 t 都为空,则返回 0
|
|
if i == 0 && j == 0 { return 0; }
|
|
// 若 s 为空,则返回 t 长度
|
|
if i == 0 { return j as i32; }
|
|
// 若 t 为空,则返回 s 长度
|
|
if j == 0 {return i as i32; }
|
|
// 若两字符相等,则直接跳过此两字符
|
|
if s.chars().nth(i - 1) == t.chars().nth(j - 1) {
|
|
return edit_distance_dfs(s, t, i - 1, j - 1);
|
|
}
|
|
// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1
|
|
let insert = edit_distance_dfs(s, t, i, j - 1);
|
|
let delete = edit_distance_dfs(s, t, i - 1, j);
|
|
let replace = edit_distance_dfs(s, t, i - 1, j - 1);
|
|
// 返回最少编辑步数
|
|
std::cmp::min(std::cmp::min(insert, delete), replace) + 1
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 编辑距离:记忆化搜索 */
|
|
fn edit_distance_dfs_mem(s: &str, t: &str, mem: &mut Vec<Vec<i32>>, i: usize, j: usize) -> i32 {
|
|
// 若 s 和 t 都为空,则返回 0
|
|
if i == 0 && j == 0 { return 0; }
|
|
// 若 s 为空,则返回 t 长度
|
|
if i == 0 { return j as i32; }
|
|
// 若 t 为空,则返回 s 长度
|
|
if j == 0 {return i as i32; }
|
|
// 若已有记录,则直接返回之
|
|
if mem[i][j] != -1 { return mem[i][j]; }
|
|
// 若两字符相等,则直接跳过此两字符
|
|
if s.chars().nth(i - 1) == t.chars().nth(j - 1) {
|
|
return edit_distance_dfs_mem(s, t, mem, i - 1, j - 1);
|
|
}
|
|
// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1
|
|
let insert = edit_distance_dfs_mem(s, t, mem, i, j - 1);
|
|
let delete = edit_distance_dfs_mem(s, t, mem, i - 1, j);
|
|
let replace = edit_distance_dfs_mem(s, t, mem, i - 1, j - 1);
|
|
// 记录并返回最少编辑步数
|
|
mem[i][j] = std::cmp::min(std::cmp::min(insert, delete), replace) + 1;
|
|
mem[i][j]
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 编辑距离:动态规划 */
|
|
fn edit_distance_dp(s: &str, t: &str) -> i32 {
|
|
let (n, m) = (s.len(), t.len());
|
|
let mut dp = vec![vec![0; m + 1]; n + 1];
|
|
// 状态转移:首行首列
|
|
for i in 1..= n {
|
|
dp[i][0] = i as i32;
|
|
}
|
|
for j in 1..m {
|
|
dp[0][j] = j as i32;
|
|
}
|
|
// 状态转移:其余行列
|
|
for i in 1..=n {
|
|
for j in 1..=m {
|
|
if s.chars().nth(i - 1) == t.chars().nth(j - 1) {
|
|
// 若两字符相等,则直接跳过此两字符
|
|
dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j - 1];
|
|
} else {
|
|
// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1
|
|
dp[i][j] = std::cmp::min(std::cmp::min(dp[i][j - 1], dp[i - 1][j]), dp[i - 1][j - 1]) + 1;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
dp[n][m]
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* 编辑距离:状态压缩后的动态规划 */
|
|
fn edit_distance_dp_comp(s: &str, t: &str) -> i32 {
|
|
let (n, m) = (s.len(), t.len());
|
|
let mut dp = vec![0; m + 1];
|
|
// 状态转移:首行
|
|
for j in 1..m {
|
|
dp[j] = j as i32;
|
|
}
|
|
// 状态转移:其余行
|
|
for i in 1..=n {
|
|
// 状态转移:首列
|
|
let mut leftup = dp[0]; // 暂存 dp[i-1, j-1]
|
|
dp[0] = i as i32;
|
|
// 状态转移:其余列
|
|
for j in 1..=m {
|
|
let temp = dp[j];
|
|
if s.chars().nth(i - 1) == t.chars().nth(j - 1) {
|
|
// 若两字符相等,则直接跳过此两字符
|
|
dp[j] = leftup;
|
|
} else {
|
|
// 最少编辑步数 = 插入、删除、替换这三种操作的最少编辑步数 + 1
|
|
dp[j] = std::cmp::min(std::cmp::min(dp[j - 1], dp[j]), leftup) + 1;
|
|
}
|
|
leftup = temp; // 更新为下一轮的 dp[i-1, j-1]
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
dp[m]
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Driver Code */
|
|
pub fn main() {
|
|
let s = "bag";
|
|
let t = "pack";
|
|
let (n, m) = (s.len(), t.len());
|
|
|
|
// 暴力搜索
|
|
let res = edit_distance_dfs(s, t, n, m);
|
|
println!("将 {s} 更改为 {t} 最少需要编辑 {res} 步");
|
|
|
|
// 记忆搜索
|
|
let mut mem = vec![vec![0; m + 1]; n + 1];
|
|
for row in mem.iter_mut() {
|
|
row.fill(-1);
|
|
}
|
|
let res = edit_distance_dfs_mem(s, t, &mut mem, n, m);
|
|
println!("将 {s} 更改为 {t} 最少需要编辑 {res} 步");
|
|
|
|
// 动态规划
|
|
let res = edit_distance_dp(s, t);
|
|
println!("将 {s} 更改为 {t} 最少需要编辑 {res} 步");
|
|
|
|
// 状态压缩后的动态规划
|
|
let res = edit_distance_dp_comp(s, t);
|
|
println!("将 {s} 更改为 {t} 最少需要编辑 {res} 步");
|
|
}
|