/** * File: graph_bfs.c * Created Time: 2023-07-11 * Author: NI-SW (947743645@qq.com) */ #include "graph_adjacency_list.c" // 假设节点最大数量为 100 #define MAX_SIZE 100 /* 节点队列结构体 */ typedef struct { Vertex *vertices[MAX_SIZE]; int front, rear, size; } Queue; /* 构造函数 */ Queue *newQueue() { Queue *q = (Queue *)malloc(sizeof(Queue)); q->front = q->rear = q->size = 0; return q; } /* 判断队列是否为空 */ int isEmpty(Queue *q) { return q->size == 0; } /* 入队操作 */ void enqueue(Queue *q, Vertex *vet) { q->vertices[q->rear] = vet; q->rear = (q->rear + 1) % MAX_SIZE; q->size++; } /* 出队操作 */ Vertex *dequeue(Queue *q) { Vertex *vet = q->vertices[q->front]; q->front = (q->front + 1) % MAX_SIZE; q->size--; return vet; } /* 检查顶点是否已被访问 */ int isVisited(Vertex **visited, int size, Vertex *vet) { // 遍历查找节点,使用 O(n) 时间 for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) { if (visited[i] == vet) return 1; } return 0; } /* 广度优先遍历 BFS */ // 使用邻接表来表示图,以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点 void graphBFS(GraphAdjList *graph, Vertex *startVet, Vertex **res, int *resSize, Vertex **visited, int *visitedSize) { // 队列用于实现 BFS Queue *queue = newQueue(); enqueue(queue, startVet); visited[(*visitedSize)++] = startVet; // 以顶点 vet 为起点,循环直至访问完所有顶点 while (!isEmpty(queue)) { Vertex *vet = dequeue(queue); // 队首顶点出队 res[(*resSize)++] = vet; // 记录访问顶点 // 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点 AdjListNode *node = findNode(graph, vet); while (node != NULL) { // 跳过已被访问的顶点 if (!isVisited(visited, *visitedSize, node->vertex)) { enqueue(queue, node->vertex); // 只入队未访问的顶点 visited[(*visitedSize)++] = node->vertex; // 标记该顶点已被访问 } node = node->next; } } // 释放内存 free(queue); } /* Driver Code */ int main() { // 初始化无向图 int vals[] = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}; int size = sizeof(vals) / sizeof(vals[0]); Vertex **v = valsToVets(vals, size); Vertex *edges[][2] = {{v[0], v[1]}, {v[0], v[3]}, {v[1], v[2]}, {v[1], v[4]}, {v[2], v[5]}, {v[3], v[4]}, {v[3], v[6]}, {v[4], v[5]}, {v[4], v[7]}, {v[5], v[8]}, {v[6], v[7]}, {v[7], v[8]}}; int egdeSize = sizeof(edges) / sizeof(edges[0]); GraphAdjList *graph = newGraphAdjList(); // 添加所有顶点和边 for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) { addVertex(graph, v[i]); } for (int i = 0; i < egdeSize; i++) { addEdge(graph, edges[i][0], edges[i][1]); } printf("\n初始化后,图为\n"); printGraph(graph); // 广度优先遍历 BFS // 顶点遍历序列 Vertex *res[MAX_SIZE]; int resSize = 0; // 用于记录已被访问过的顶点 Vertex *visited[MAX_SIZE]; int visitedSize = 0; graphBFS(graph, v[0], res, &resSize, visited, &visitedSize); printf("\n广度优先遍历(BFS)顶点序列为\n"); printArray(vetsToVals(res, resSize), resSize); // 释放内存 delGraphAdjList(graph); free(v); return 0; }