/** * File: time_complexity.rs * Created Time: 2023-01-10 * Author: xBLACICEx (xBLACKICEx@outlook.com) */ #[allow(unused_variables)] /* 常数阶 */ fn constant(n: i32) -> i32 { let mut count = 0; let size = 100000; for _ in 0..size { count += 1 } count } /* 线性阶 */ fn linear(n: i32) -> i32 { let mut count = 0; for _ in 0..n { count += 1; } count } /* 线性阶(遍历数组) */ fn array_traversal(nums: &[i32]) -> i32 { let mut count = 0; // 循环次数与数组长度成正比 for _ in nums { count += 1; } count } fn quadratic(n: i32) -> i32 { let mut count = 0; // 循环次数与数组长度成平方关系 for _ in 0..n { for _ in 0..n { count += 1; } } count } /* 平方阶(冒泡排序) */ fn bubble_sort(nums: &mut [i32]) -> i32 { let mut count = 0; // 计数器 // 外循环:待排序元素数量为 n-1, n-2, ..., 1 for i in (1..nums.len()).rev() { // 内循环:冒泡操作 for j in 0..i { if nums[j] > nums[j + 1] { // 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1] let tmp = nums[j]; nums[j] = nums[j + 1]; nums[j + 1] = tmp; count += 3; // 元素交换包含 3 个单元操作 } } } count } /* 指数阶(循环实现) */ fn exponential(n: i32) -> i32 { let mut count = 0; let mut base = 1; // cell 每轮一分为二,形成数列 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1) for _ in 0..n { for _ in 0..base { count += 1 } base *= 2; } // count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1 count } /* 指数阶(递归实现) */ fn exp_recur(n: i32) -> i32 { if n == 1 { return 1; } exp_recur(n - 1) + exp_recur(n - 1) + 1 } /* 对数阶(循环实现) */ fn logarithmic(mut n: i32) -> i32 { let mut count = 0; while n > 1 { n = n / 2; count += 1; } count } /* 对数阶(递归实现) */ fn log_recur(n: i32) -> i32 { if n <= 1 { return 0; } log_recur(n / 2) + 1 } /* 线性对数阶 */ fn linear_log_recur(n: f64) -> i32 { if n <= 1.0 { return 1; } let mut count = linear_log_recur(n / 2.0) + linear_log_recur(n / 2.0); for _ in 0 ..n as i32 { count += 1; } return count } /* 阶乘阶(递归实现) */ fn factorial_recur(n: i32) -> i32 { if n == 0 { return 1; } let mut count = 0; // 从 1 个分裂出 n 个 for _ in 0..n { count += factorial_recur(n - 1); } count } /* Driver Code */ fn main() { // 可以修改 n 运行,体会一下各种复杂度的操作数量变化趋势 let n: i32 = 8; println!("输入数据大小 n = {}", n); let mut count = constant(n); println!("常数阶的计算操作数量 = {}", count); count = linear(n); println!("线性阶的计算操作数量 = {}", count); count = array_traversal(&vec![0; n as usize]); println!("线性阶(遍历数组)的计算操作数量 = {}", count); count = quadratic(n); println!("平方阶的计算操作数量 = {}", count); let mut nums = (1..=n).rev().collect::>(); // [n,n-1,...,2,1] count = bubble_sort(&mut nums); println!("平方阶(冒泡排序)的计算操作数量 = {}", count); count = exponential(n); println!("指数阶(循环实现)的计算操作数量 = {}", count); count = exp_recur(n); println!("指数阶(递归实现)的计算操作数量 = {}", count); count = logarithmic(n); println!("对数阶(循环实现)的计算操作数量 = {}", count); count = log_recur(n); println!("对数阶(递归实现)的计算操作数量 = {}", count); count = linear_log_recur(n.into()); println!("线性对数阶(递归实现)的计算操作数量 = {}", count); count = factorial_recur(n); println!("阶乘阶(递归实现)的计算操作数量 = {}", count); }