# 术语表 下表列出了书中出现的重要术语。建议你同时记住它们的中英文叫法,以便阅读英文文献。

  数据结构与算法重要名词

| 中文 | English | | -------------- | ------------------------------ | | 算法 | algorithm | | 数据结构 | data structure | | 渐近复杂度分析 | asymptotic complexity analysis | | 时间复杂度 | time complexity | | 空间复杂度 | space complexity | | 迭代 | iteration | | 递归 | recursion | | 尾递归 | tail recursion | | 递归树 | recursion tree | | 大 $O$ 记号 | big-$O$ notation | | 渐近上界 | asymptotic upper bound | | 原码 | true form | | 反码 | 1's complement code | | 补码 | 2's complement code | | 数组 | array | | 索引 | index | | 链表 | linked list | | 链表节点 | list node | | 列表 | list | | 动态数组 | dynamic array | | 栈 | stack | | 队列 | queue | | 双向队列 | double-ended queue | | 哈希表 | hash table | | 桶 | bucket | | 哈希函数 | hash function | | 哈希冲突 | hash collision | | 负载因子 | load factor | | 链式地址 | separate chaining | | 开放寻址 | open addressing | | 线性探测 | linear probing | | 懒删除 | lazy deletion | | 二叉树 | binary tree | | 树节点 | tree node | | 左子节点 | left-child node | | 右子节点 | right-child node | | 父节点 | parent node | | 左子树 | left subtree | | 右子树 | right subtree | | 根节点 | root node | | 叶节点 | leaf node | | 边 | edge | | 层 | level | | 度 | degree | | 高度 | height | | 深度 | depth | | 完美二叉树 | perfect binary tree | | 完全二叉树 | complete binary tree | | 完满二叉树 | full binary tree | | 平衡二叉树 | balanced binary tree | | 层序遍历 | level-order traversal | | 广度优先遍历 | breadth-first traversal | | 深度优先遍历 | depth-first traversal | | 二叉搜索树 | binary search tree | | 平衡二叉搜索树 | balanced binary search tree | | 平衡因子 | balance factor | | 堆 | heap | | 大顶堆 | max heap | | 小顶堆 | min heap | | 优先队列 | priority queue | | 堆化 | heapify | | 图 | graph | | 顶点 | vertex | | 无向图 | undirected graph | | 有向图 | directed graph | | 连通图 | connected graph | | 非连通图 | disconnected graph | | 有权图 | weighted graph | | 邻接 | adjacency | | 路径 | path | | 入度 | in-degree | | 出度 | out-degree | | 邻接矩阵 | adjacency matrix | | 邻接表 | adjacency list | | 广度优先搜索 | breadth-first search | | 深度优先搜索 | depth-first search | | 二分查找 | binary search | | 搜索算法 | searching algorithm | | 排序算法 | sorting algorithm | | 选择排序 | selection sort | | 冒泡排序 | bubble sort | | 插入排序 | insertion sort | | 快速排序 | quick sort | | 归并排序 | merge sort | | 堆排序 | heap sort | | 桶排序 | bucket sort | | 计数排序 | counting sort | | 基数排序 | radix sort | | 分治 | divide and conquer | | 汉诺塔问题 | hanota problem | | 回溯算法 | backtracking algorithm | | 约束 | constraint | | 解 | solution | | 状态 | state | | 剪枝 | pruning | | 全排列问题 | Permutations problem | | 子集和问题 | Subset-sum problem | | N 皇后问题 | N-queens problem | | 动态规划 | dynamic programming | | 初始状态 | initial state | | 状态转移方程 | state-trasition equation | | 背包问题 | knapsack problem | | 编辑距离问题 | edit distance problem | | 贪心算法 | greedy algorithm |