mirror of
https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
synced 2024-12-25 01:36:29 +08:00
Update .gitignore
Add build script for Zig.
This commit is contained in:
parent
3465b300e9
commit
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30 changed files with 226 additions and 532 deletions
3
.gitignore
vendored
3
.gitignore
vendored
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@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
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# MacOS Desktop Services Store
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# macOS
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.DS_Store
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.DS_Store
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# Editor
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# Editor
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.vscode/
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.vscode/
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.idea/
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.idea/
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hello-algo.iml
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# mkdocs files
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# mkdocs files
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.cache/
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.cache/
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@ -6,8 +6,7 @@ const std = @import("std");
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const inc = @import("include");
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const inc = @import("include");
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// 方法一:暴力枚举
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// 方法一:暴力枚举
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const SolutionBruteForce = struct {
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pub fn twoSumBruteForce(nums: []i32, target: i32) [2]i32 {
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pub fn twoSum(self: *SolutionBruteForce, nums: []i32, target: i32) [2]i32 {
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_ = self;
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_ = self;
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var size: usize = nums.len;
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var size: usize = nums.len;
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var i: usize = 0;
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var i: usize = 0;
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@ -22,11 +21,9 @@ const SolutionBruteForce = struct {
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}
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}
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return undefined;
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return undefined;
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}
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}
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};
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// 方法二:辅助哈希表
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// 方法二:辅助哈希表
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const SolutionHashMap = struct {
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pub fn twoSumHashTable(nums: []i32, target: i32) ![2]i32 {
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pub fn twoSum(self: *SolutionHashMap, nums: []i32, target: i32) ![2]i32 {
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_ = self;
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_ = self;
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var size: usize = nums.len;
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var size: usize = nums.len;
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// 辅助哈希表,空间复杂度 O(n)
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// 辅助哈希表,空间复杂度 O(n)
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@ -42,7 +39,7 @@ const SolutionHashMap = struct {
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}
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}
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return undefined;
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return undefined;
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}
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}
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};
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// Driver Code
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// Driver Code
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pub fn main() !void {
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pub fn main() !void {
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@ -50,14 +47,11 @@ pub fn main() !void {
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var nums = [_]i32{ 2, 7, 11, 15 };
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var nums = [_]i32{ 2, 7, 11, 15 };
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var target: i32 = 9;
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var target: i32 = 9;
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// 方法一
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// 方法一
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var slt1 = SolutionBruteForce{};
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twoSumBruteForce(&nums, target);
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var res = slt1.twoSum(&nums, target);
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std.debug.print("方法一 res = ", .{});
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std.debug.print("方法一 res = ", .{});
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inc.PrintUtil.printArray(i32, &res);
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inc.PrintUtil.printArray(i32, &res);
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// 方法二
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// 方法二
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var slt2 = SolutionHashMap{};
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twoSumHashTable(&nums, target);
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res = try slt2.twoSum(&nums, target);
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std.debug.print("方法二 res = ", .{});
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std.debug.print("方法二 res = ", .{});
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inc.PrintUtil.printArray(i32, &res);
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inc.PrintUtil.printArray(i32, &res);
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}
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}
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@ -95,8 +95,7 @@ fn expRecur(n: i32) i32{
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}
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}
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// 对数阶(循环实现)
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// 对数阶(循环实现)
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fn logarithmic(n: f32) i32
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fn logarithmic(n: f32) i32 {
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{
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var count: i32 = 0;
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var count: i32 = 0;
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var n_var = n;
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var n_var = n;
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while (n_var > 1)
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while (n_var > 1)
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@ -108,15 +107,13 @@ fn logarithmic(n: f32) i32
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}
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}
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// 对数阶(递归实现)
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// 对数阶(递归实现)
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fn logRecur(n: f32) i32
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fn logRecur(n: f32) i32 {
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{
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if (n <= 1) return 0;
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if (n <= 1) return 0;
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return logRecur(n / 2) + 1;
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return logRecur(n / 2) + 1;
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}
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}
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// 线性对数阶
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// 线性对数阶
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fn linearLogRecur(n: f32) i32
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fn linearLogRecur(n: f32) i32 {
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{
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if (n <= 1) return 1;
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if (n <= 1) return 1;
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var count: i32 = linearLogRecur(n / 2) +
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var count: i32 = linearLogRecur(n / 2) +
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linearLogRecur(n / 2);
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linearLogRecur(n / 2);
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@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ fn hashingSearchArray(comptime T: type, map: std.AutoHashMap(T, T), target: T) T
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return map.get(target).?;
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return map.get(target).?;
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}
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}
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// 哈希查找(数组)
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// 哈希查找(链表)
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fn hashingSearchLinkedList(comptime T: type, map: std.AutoHashMap(T, *inc.ListNode(T)), target: T) ?*inc.ListNode(T) {
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fn hashingSearchLinkedList(comptime T: type, map: std.AutoHashMap(T, *inc.ListNode(T)), target: T) ?*inc.ListNode(T) {
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// 哈希表的 key: 目标结点值,value: 结点对象
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// 哈希表的 key: 目标结点值,value: 结点对象
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// 若哈希表中无此 key ,返回 null
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// 若哈希表中无此 key ,返回 null
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@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ const std = @import("std");
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const inc = @import("include");
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const inc = @import("include");
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// 线性查找(数组)
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// 线性查找(数组)
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fn linearSearchList(comptime T: type, nums: std.ArrayList(T), target: T) T {
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fn linearSearchArray(comptime T: type, nums: std.ArrayList(T), target: T) T {
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// 遍历数组
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// 遍历数组
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for (nums.items) |num, i| {
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for (nums.items) |num, i| {
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// 找到目标元素, 返回其索引
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// 找到目标元素, 返回其索引
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@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ pub fn main() !void {
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var nums = std.ArrayList(i32).init(std.heap.page_allocator);
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var nums = std.ArrayList(i32).init(std.heap.page_allocator);
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defer nums.deinit();
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defer nums.deinit();
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try nums.appendSlice(&[_]i32{ 1, 5, 3, 2, 4, 7, 5, 9, 10, 8 });
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try nums.appendSlice(&[_]i32{ 1, 5, 3, 2, 4, 7, 5, 9, 10, 8 });
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var index = linearSearchList(i32, nums, target);
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var index = linearSearchArray(i32, nums, target);
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std.debug.print("目标元素 3 的索引 = {}\n", .{index});
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std.debug.print("目标元素 3 的索引 = {}\n", .{index});
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// 在链表中执行线性查找
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// 在链表中执行线性查找
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@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ const inc = @import("include");
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// 快速排序类
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// 快速排序类
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const QuickSort = struct {
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const QuickSort = struct {
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// 元素交换
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// 元素交换
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pub fn swap(nums: []i32, i: usize, j: usize) void {
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pub fn swap(nums: []i32, i: usize, j: usize) void {
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var tmp = nums[i];
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var tmp = nums[i];
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@ -42,6 +43,7 @@ const QuickSort = struct {
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// 快速排序类(中位基准数优化)
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// 快速排序类(中位基准数优化)
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const QuickSortMedian = struct {
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const QuickSortMedian = struct {
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// 元素交换
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// 元素交换
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pub fn swap(nums: []i32, i: usize, j: usize) void {
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pub fn swap(nums: []i32, i: usize, j: usize) void {
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var tmp = nums[i];
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var tmp = nums[i];
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@ -95,6 +97,7 @@ const QuickSortMedian = struct {
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// 快速排序类(尾递归优化)
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// 快速排序类(尾递归优化)
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const QuickSortTailCall = struct {
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const QuickSortTailCall = struct {
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// 元素交换
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// 元素交换
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pub fn swap(nums: []i32, i: usize, j: usize) void {
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pub fn swap(nums: []i32, i: usize, j: usize) void {
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var tmp = nums[i];
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var tmp = nums[i];
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@ -171,14 +171,7 @@ elementAddr = firtstElementAddr + elementLength * elementIndex
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=== "Zig"
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=== "Zig"
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```zig title="array.zig"
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```zig title="array.zig"
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// 随机返回一个数组元素
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[class]{}-[func]{randomAccess}
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pub fn randomAccess(nums: []i32) i32 {
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// 在区间 [0, nums.len) 中随机抽取一个整数
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var randomIndex = std.crypto.random.intRangeLessThan(usize, 0, nums.len);
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// 获取并返回随机元素
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var randomNum = nums[randomIndex];
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return randomNum;
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}
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```
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```
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## 4.1.2. 数组缺点
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## 4.1.2. 数组缺点
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@ -242,16 +235,7 @@ elementAddr = firtstElementAddr + elementLength * elementIndex
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=== "Zig"
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=== "Zig"
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```zig title="array.zig"
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```zig title="array.zig"
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// 扩展数组长度
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[class]{}-[func]{extend}
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pub fn extend(mem_allocator: std.mem.Allocator, nums: []i32, enlarge: usize) ![]i32 {
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// 初始化一个扩展长度后的数组
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var res = try mem_allocator.alloc(i32, nums.len + enlarge);
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std.mem.set(i32, res, 0);
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// 将原数组中的所有元素复制到新数组
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std.mem.copy(i32, res, nums);
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// 返回扩展后的新数组
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return res;
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}
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```
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```
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**数组中插入或删除元素效率低下**。假设我们想要在数组中间某位置插入一个元素,由于数组元素在内存中是“紧挨着的”,它们之间没有空间再放任何数据。因此,我们不得不将此索引之后的所有元素都向后移动一位,然后再把元素赋值给该索引。删除元素也是类似,需要把此索引之后的元素都向前移动一位。总体看有以下缺点:
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**数组中插入或删除元素效率低下**。假设我们想要在数组中间某位置插入一个元素,由于数组元素在内存中是“紧挨着的”,它们之间没有空间再放任何数据。因此,我们不得不将此索引之后的所有元素都向后移动一位,然后再把元素赋值给该索引。删除元素也是类似,需要把此索引之后的元素都向前移动一位。总体看有以下缺点:
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@ -337,25 +321,9 @@ elementAddr = firtstElementAddr + elementLength * elementIndex
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=== "Zig"
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=== "Zig"
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```zig title="array.zig"
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```zig title="array.zig"
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// 在数组的索引 index 处插入元素 num
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[class]{}-[func]{insert}
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pub fn insert(nums: []i32, num: i32, index: usize) void {
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// 把索引 index 以及之后的所有元素向后移动一位
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var i = nums.len - 1;
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while (i > index) : (i -= 1) {
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nums[i] = nums[i - 1];
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}
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// 将 num 赋给 index 处元素
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nums[index] = num;
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}
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// 删除索引 index 处元素
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[class]{}-[func]{remove}
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pub fn remove(nums: []i32, index: usize) void {
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// 把索引 index 之后的所有元素向前移动一位
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var i = index;
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while (i < nums.len - 1) : (i += 1) {
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nums[i] = nums[i + 1];
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}
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}
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```
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```
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## 4.1.3. 数组常用操作
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## 4.1.3. 数组常用操作
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@ -419,20 +387,7 @@ elementAddr = firtstElementAddr + elementLength * elementIndex
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=== "Zig"
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=== "Zig"
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```zig title="array.zig"
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```zig title="array.zig"
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// 遍历数组
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[class]{}-[func]{traverse}
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pub fn traverse(nums: []i32) void {
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var count: i32 = 0;
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// 通过索引遍历数组
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var i: i32 = 0;
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while (i < nums.len) : (i += 1) {
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count += 1;
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}
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count = 0;
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// 直接遍历数组
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for (nums) |_| {
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count += 1;
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}
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}
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```
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```
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**数组查找**。通过遍历数组,查找数组内的指定元素,并输出对应索引。
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**数组查找**。通过遍历数组,查找数组内的指定元素,并输出对应索引。
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@ -494,13 +449,7 @@ elementAddr = firtstElementAddr + elementLength * elementIndex
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=== "Zig"
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=== "Zig"
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```zig title="array.zig"
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```zig title="array.zig"
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// 在数组中查找指定元素
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[class]{}-[func]{find}
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pub fn find(nums: []i32, target: i32) i32 {
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for (nums) |num, i| {
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if (num == target) return @intCast(i32, i);
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}
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return -1;
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}
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```
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```
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## 4.1.4. 数组典型应用
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## 4.1.4. 数组典型应用
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@ -395,21 +395,9 @@ comments: true
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=== "Zig"
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=== "Zig"
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```zig title="linked_list.zig"
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```zig title="linked_list.zig"
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// 在链表的结点 n0 之后插入结点 P
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[class]{}-[func]{insert}
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pub fn insert(n0: ?*inc.ListNode(i32), P: ?*inc.ListNode(i32)) void {
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var n1 = n0.?.next;
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n0.?.next = P;
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P.?.next = n1;
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}
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// 删除链表的结点 n0 之后的首个结点
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[class]{}-[func]{remove}
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pub fn remove(n0: ?*inc.ListNode(i32)) void {
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if (n0.?.next == null) return;
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// n0 -> P -> n1
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var P = n0.?.next;
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var n1 = P.?.next;
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n0.?.next = n1;
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|
||||||
}
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|
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```
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```
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|
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## 4.2.2. 链表缺点
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## 4.2.2. 链表缺点
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@ -473,16 +461,7 @@ comments: true
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=== "Zig"
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=== "Zig"
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|
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```zig title="linked_list.zig"
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```zig title="linked_list.zig"
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// 访问链表中索引为 index 的结点
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[class]{}-[func]{access}
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pub fn access(node: ?*inc.ListNode(i32), index: i32) ?*inc.ListNode(i32) {
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var head = node;
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var i: i32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
while (i < index) : (i += 1) {
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|
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head = head.?.next;
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||||||
if (head == null) return null;
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|
||||||
}
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return head;
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||||||
}
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|
||||||
```
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```
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||||||
**链表的内存占用多**。链表以结点为单位,每个结点除了保存值外,还需额外保存指针(引用)。这意味着同样数据量下,链表比数组需要占用更多内存空间。
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**链表的内存占用多**。链表以结点为单位,每个结点除了保存值外,还需额外保存指针(引用)。这意味着同样数据量下,链表比数组需要占用更多内存空间。
|
||||||
|
@ -548,17 +527,7 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="linked_list.zig"
|
```zig title="linked_list.zig"
|
||||||
// 在链表中查找值为 target 的首个结点
|
[class]{}-[func]{find}
|
||||||
pub fn find(node: ?*inc.ListNode(i32), target: i32) i32 {
|
|
||||||
var head = node;
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|
||||||
var index: i32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
while (head != null) {
|
|
||||||
if (head.?.val == target) return index;
|
|
||||||
head = head.?.next;
|
|
||||||
index += 1;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
return -1;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 4.2.4. 常见链表类型
|
## 4.2.4. 常见链表类型
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -770,120 +770,5 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="my_list.zig"
|
```zig title="my_list.zig"
|
||||||
// 列表类简易实现
|
[class]{MyList}-[func]{}
|
||||||
pub fn MyList(comptime T: type) type {
|
|
||||||
return struct {
|
|
||||||
const Self = @This();
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
nums: []T = undefined, // 数组(存储列表元素)
|
|
||||||
numsCapacity: usize = 10, // 列表容量
|
|
||||||
numSize: usize = 0, // 列表长度(即当前元素数量)
|
|
||||||
extendRatio: usize = 2, // 每次列表扩容的倍数
|
|
||||||
mem_arena: ?std.heap.ArenaAllocator = null,
|
|
||||||
mem_allocator: std.mem.Allocator = undefined, // 内存分配器
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// 构造函数(分配内存+初始化列表)
|
|
||||||
pub fn init(self: *Self, allocator: std.mem.Allocator) !void {
|
|
||||||
if (self.mem_arena == null) {
|
|
||||||
self.mem_arena = std.heap.ArenaAllocator.init(allocator);
|
|
||||||
self.mem_allocator = self.mem_arena.?.allocator();
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
self.nums = try self.mem_allocator.alloc(T, self.numsCapacity);
|
|
||||||
std.mem.set(T, self.nums, @as(T, 0));
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// 析构函数(释放内存)
|
|
||||||
pub fn deinit(self: *Self) void {
|
|
||||||
if (self.mem_arena == null) return;
|
|
||||||
self.mem_arena.?.deinit();
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// 获取列表长度(即当前元素数量)
|
|
||||||
pub fn size(self: *Self) usize {
|
|
||||||
return self.numSize;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// 获取列表容量
|
|
||||||
pub fn capacity(self: *Self) usize {
|
|
||||||
return self.numsCapacity;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// 访问元素
|
|
||||||
pub fn get(self: *Self, index: usize) T {
|
|
||||||
// 索引如果越界则抛出异常,下同
|
|
||||||
if (index < 0 or index >= self.size()) @panic("索引越界");
|
|
||||||
return self.nums[index];
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// 更新元素
|
|
||||||
pub fn set(self: *Self, index: usize, num: T) void {
|
|
||||||
// 索引如果越界则抛出异常,下同
|
|
||||||
if (index < 0 or index >= self.size()) @panic("索引越界");
|
|
||||||
self.nums[index] = num;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// 尾部添加元素
|
|
||||||
pub fn add(self: *Self, num: T) !void {
|
|
||||||
// 元素数量超出容量时,触发扩容机制
|
|
||||||
if (self.size() == self.capacity()) try self.extendCapacity();
|
|
||||||
self.nums[self.size()] = num;
|
|
||||||
// 更新元素数量
|
|
||||||
self.numSize += 1;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// 中间插入元素
|
|
||||||
pub fn insert(self: *Self, index: usize, num: T) !void {
|
|
||||||
if (index < 0 or index >= self.size()) @panic("索引越界");
|
|
||||||
// 元素数量超出容量时,触发扩容机制
|
|
||||||
if (self.size() == self.capacity()) try self.extendCapacity();
|
|
||||||
// 索引 i 以及之后的元素都向后移动一位
|
|
||||||
var j = self.size() - 1;
|
|
||||||
while (j >= index) : (j -= 1) {
|
|
||||||
self.nums[j + 1] = self.nums[j];
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
self.nums[index] = num;
|
|
||||||
// 更新元素数量
|
|
||||||
self.numSize += 1;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// 删除元素
|
|
||||||
pub fn remove(self: *Self, index: usize) T {
|
|
||||||
if (index < 0 or index >= self.size()) @panic("索引越界");
|
|
||||||
var num = self.nums[index];
|
|
||||||
// 索引 i 之后的元素都向前移动一位
|
|
||||||
var j = index;
|
|
||||||
while (j < self.size() - 1) : (j += 1) {
|
|
||||||
self.nums[j] = self.nums[j + 1];
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
// 更新元素数量
|
|
||||||
self.numSize -= 1;
|
|
||||||
// 返回被删除元素
|
|
||||||
return num;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// 列表扩容
|
|
||||||
pub fn extendCapacity(self: *Self) !void {
|
|
||||||
// 新建一个长度为 size * extendRatio 的数组,并将原数组拷贝到新数组
|
|
||||||
var newCapacity = self.capacity() * self.extendRatio;
|
|
||||||
var extend = try self.mem_allocator.alloc(T, newCapacity);
|
|
||||||
std.mem.set(T, extend, @as(T, 0));
|
|
||||||
// 将原数组中的所有元素复制到新数组
|
|
||||||
std.mem.copy(T, extend, self.nums);
|
|
||||||
self.nums = extend;
|
|
||||||
// 更新列表容量
|
|
||||||
self.numsCapacity = newCapacity;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
// 将列表转换为数组
|
|
||||||
pub fn toArray(self: *Self) ![]T {
|
|
||||||
// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素
|
|
||||||
var nums = try self.mem_allocator.alloc(T, self.size());
|
|
||||||
std.mem.set(T, nums, @as(T, 0));
|
|
||||||
for (nums) |*num, i| {
|
|
||||||
num.* = self.get(i);
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
return nums;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
};
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -636,29 +636,7 @@ $$
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="space_complexity.zig"
|
```zig title="space_complexity.zig"
|
||||||
// 常数阶
|
[class]{}-[func]{constant}
|
||||||
fn constant(n: i32) void {
|
|
||||||
// 常量、变量、对象占用 O(1) 空间
|
|
||||||
const a: i32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
var b: i32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
var nums = [_]i32{0}**10000;
|
|
||||||
var node = inc.ListNode(i32){.val = 0};
|
|
||||||
var i: i32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
// 循环中的变量占用 O(1) 空间
|
|
||||||
while (i < n) : (i += 1) {
|
|
||||||
var c: i32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
_ = c;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
// 循环中的函数占用 O(1) 空间
|
|
||||||
i = 0;
|
|
||||||
while (i < n) : (i += 1) {
|
|
||||||
_ = function();
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
_ = a;
|
|
||||||
_ = b;
|
|
||||||
_ = nums;
|
|
||||||
_ = node;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### 线性阶 $O(n)$
|
### 线性阶 $O(n)$
|
||||||
|
@ -722,28 +700,7 @@ $$
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="space_complexity.zig"
|
```zig title="space_complexity.zig"
|
||||||
// 线性阶
|
[class]{}-[func]{linear}
|
||||||
fn linear(comptime n: i32) !void {
|
|
||||||
// 长度为 n 的数组占用 O(n) 空间
|
|
||||||
var nums = [_]i32{0}**n;
|
|
||||||
// 长度为 n 的列表占用 O(n) 空间
|
|
||||||
var nodes = std.ArrayList(i32).init(std.heap.page_allocator);
|
|
||||||
defer nodes.deinit();
|
|
||||||
var i: i32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
while (i < n) : (i += 1) {
|
|
||||||
try nodes.append(i);
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
// 长度为 n 的哈希表占用 O(n) 空间
|
|
||||||
var map = std.AutoArrayHashMap(i32, []const u8).init(std.heap.page_allocator);
|
|
||||||
defer map.deinit();
|
|
||||||
var j: i32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
while (j < n) : (j += 1) {
|
|
||||||
const string = try std.fmt.allocPrint(std.heap.page_allocator, "{d}", .{j});
|
|
||||||
defer std.heap.page_allocator.free(string);
|
|
||||||
try map.put(i, string);
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
_ = nums;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
以下递归函数会同时存在 $n$ 个未返回的 `algorithm()` 函数,使用 $O(n)$ 大小的栈帧空间。
|
以下递归函数会同时存在 $n$ 个未返回的 `algorithm()` 函数,使用 $O(n)$ 大小的栈帧空间。
|
||||||
|
@ -805,12 +762,7 @@ $$
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="space_complexity.zig"
|
```zig title="space_complexity.zig"
|
||||||
// 线性阶(递归实现)
|
[class]{}-[func]{linearRecur}
|
||||||
fn linearRecur(comptime n: i32) void {
|
|
||||||
std.debug.print("递归 n = {}\n", .{n});
|
|
||||||
if (n == 1) return;
|
|
||||||
linearRecur(n - 1);
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
![space_complexity_recursive_linear](space_complexity.assets/space_complexity_recursive_linear.png)
|
![space_complexity_recursive_linear](space_complexity.assets/space_complexity_recursive_linear.png)
|
||||||
|
@ -878,22 +830,7 @@ $$
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="space_complexity.zig"
|
```zig title="space_complexity.zig"
|
||||||
// 平方阶
|
[class]{}-[func]{quadratic}
|
||||||
fn quadratic(n: i32) !void {
|
|
||||||
// 二维列表占用 O(n^2) 空间
|
|
||||||
var nodes = std.ArrayList(std.ArrayList(i32)).init(std.heap.page_allocator);
|
|
||||||
defer nodes.deinit();
|
|
||||||
var i: i32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
while (i < n) : (i += 1) {
|
|
||||||
var tmp = std.ArrayList(i32).init(std.heap.page_allocator);
|
|
||||||
defer tmp.deinit();
|
|
||||||
var j: i32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
while (j < n) : (j += 1) {
|
|
||||||
try tmp.append(0);
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
try nodes.append(tmp);
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
在以下递归函数中,同时存在 $n$ 个未返回的 `algorithm()` ,并且每个函数中都初始化了一个数组,长度分别为 $n, n-1, n-2, ..., 2, 1$ ,平均长度为 $\frac{n}{2}$ ,因此总体使用 $O(n^2)$ 空间。
|
在以下递归函数中,同时存在 $n$ 个未返回的 `algorithm()` ,并且每个函数中都初始化了一个数组,长度分别为 $n, n-1, n-2, ..., 2, 1$ ,平均长度为 $\frac{n}{2}$ ,因此总体使用 $O(n^2)$ 空间。
|
||||||
|
@ -955,13 +892,7 @@ $$
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="space_complexity.zig"
|
```zig title="space_complexity.zig"
|
||||||
// 平方阶(递归实现)
|
[class]{}-[func]{quadraticRecur}
|
||||||
fn quadraticRecur(comptime n: i32) i32 {
|
|
||||||
if (n <= 0) return 0;
|
|
||||||
var nums = [_]i32{0}**n;
|
|
||||||
std.debug.print("递归 n = {} 中的 nums 长度 = {}\n", .{n, nums.len});
|
|
||||||
return quadraticRecur(n - 1);
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
![space_complexity_recursive_quadratic](space_complexity.assets/space_complexity_recursive_quadratic.png)
|
![space_complexity_recursive_quadratic](space_complexity.assets/space_complexity_recursive_quadratic.png)
|
||||||
|
@ -1029,15 +960,7 @@ $$
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="space_complexity.zig"
|
```zig title="space_complexity.zig"
|
||||||
// 指数阶(建立满二叉树)
|
[class]{}-[func]{buildTree}
|
||||||
fn buildTree(mem_allocator: std.mem.Allocator, n: i32) !?*inc.TreeNode(i32) {
|
|
||||||
if (n == 0) return null;
|
|
||||||
const root = try mem_allocator.create(inc.TreeNode(i32));
|
|
||||||
root.init(0);
|
|
||||||
root.left = try buildTree(mem_allocator, n - 1);
|
|
||||||
root.right = try buildTree(mem_allocator, n - 1);
|
|
||||||
return root;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
![space_complexity_exponential](space_complexity.assets/space_complexity_exponential.png)
|
![space_complexity_exponential](space_complexity.assets/space_complexity_exponential.png)
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -87,23 +87,7 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="leetcode_two_sum.zig"
|
```zig title="leetcode_two_sum.zig"
|
||||||
const SolutionBruteForce = struct {
|
[class]{}-[func]{twoSumBruteForce}
|
||||||
pub fn twoSum(self: *SolutionBruteForce, nums: []i32, target: i32) [2]i32 {
|
|
||||||
_ = self;
|
|
||||||
var size: usize = nums.len;
|
|
||||||
var i: usize = 0;
|
|
||||||
// 两层循环,时间复杂度 O(n^2)
|
|
||||||
while (i < size - 1) : (i += 1) {
|
|
||||||
var j = i + 1;
|
|
||||||
while (j < size) : (j += 1) {
|
|
||||||
if (nums[i] + nums[j] == target) {
|
|
||||||
return [_]i32{@intCast(i32, i), @intCast(i32, j)};
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
return undefined;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
};
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### 方法二:辅助哈希表
|
### 方法二:辅助哈希表
|
||||||
|
@ -169,22 +153,5 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="leetcode_two_sum.zig"
|
```zig title="leetcode_two_sum.zig"
|
||||||
const SolutionHashMap = struct {
|
[class]{}-[func]{twoSumHashTable}
|
||||||
pub fn twoSum(self: *SolutionHashMap, nums: []i32, target: i32) ![2]i32 {
|
|
||||||
_ = self;
|
|
||||||
var size: usize = nums.len;
|
|
||||||
// 辅助哈希表,空间复杂度 O(n)
|
|
||||||
var dic = std.AutoHashMap(i32, i32).init(std.heap.page_allocator);
|
|
||||||
defer dic.deinit();
|
|
||||||
var i: usize = 0;
|
|
||||||
// 单层循环,时间复杂度 O(n)
|
|
||||||
while (i < size) : (i += 1) {
|
|
||||||
if (dic.contains(target - nums[i])) {
|
|
||||||
return [_]i32{dic.get(target - nums[i]).?, @intCast(i32, i)};
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
try dic.put(nums[i], @intCast(i32, i));
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
return undefined;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
};
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -858,17 +858,7 @@ $$
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="time_complexity.zig"
|
```zig title="time_complexity.zig"
|
||||||
// 常数阶
|
[class]{}-[func]{constant}
|
||||||
fn constant(n: i32) i32 {
|
|
||||||
_ = n;
|
|
||||||
var count: i32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
const size: i32 = 100_000;
|
|
||||||
var i: i32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
while(i<size) : (i += 1) {
|
|
||||||
count += 1;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
return count;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### 线性阶 $O(n)$
|
### 线性阶 $O(n)$
|
||||||
|
@ -939,15 +929,7 @@ $$
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="time_complexity.zig"
|
```zig title="time_complexity.zig"
|
||||||
// 线性阶
|
[class]{}-[func]{linear}
|
||||||
fn linear(n: i32) i32 {
|
|
||||||
var count: i32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
var i: i32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
while (i < n) : (i += 1) {
|
|
||||||
count += 1;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
return count;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
「遍历数组」和「遍历链表」等操作,时间复杂度都为 $O(n)$ ,其中 $n$ 为数组或链表的长度。
|
「遍历数组」和「遍历链表」等操作,时间复杂度都为 $O(n)$ ,其中 $n$ 为数组或链表的长度。
|
||||||
|
@ -1021,15 +1003,7 @@ $$
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="time_complexity.zig"
|
```zig title="time_complexity.zig"
|
||||||
// 线性阶(遍历数组)
|
[class]{}-[func]{arrayTraversal}
|
||||||
fn arrayTraversal(nums: []i32) i32 {
|
|
||||||
var count: i32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
// 循环次数与数组长度成正比
|
|
||||||
for (nums) |_| {
|
|
||||||
count += 1;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
return count;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### 平方阶 $O(n^2)$
|
### 平方阶 $O(n^2)$
|
||||||
|
@ -1103,19 +1077,7 @@ $$
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="time_complexity.zig"
|
```zig title="time_complexity.zig"
|
||||||
// 平方阶
|
[class]{}-[func]{quadratic}
|
||||||
fn quadratic(n: i32) i32 {
|
|
||||||
var count: i32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
var i: i32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
// 循环次数与数组长度成平方关系
|
|
||||||
while (i < n) : (i += 1) {
|
|
||||||
var j: i32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
while (j < n) : (j += 1) {
|
|
||||||
count += 1;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
return count;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
![time_complexity_constant_linear_quadratic](time_complexity.assets/time_complexity_constant_linear_quadratic.png)
|
![time_complexity_constant_linear_quadratic](time_complexity.assets/time_complexity_constant_linear_quadratic.png)
|
||||||
|
@ -1204,26 +1166,7 @@ $$
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="time_complexity.zig"
|
```zig title="time_complexity.zig"
|
||||||
// 平方阶(冒泡排序)
|
[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSort}
|
||||||
fn bubbleSort(nums: []i32) i32 {
|
|
||||||
var count: i32 = 0; // 计数器
|
|
||||||
// 外循环:待排序元素数量为 n-1, n-2, ..., 1
|
|
||||||
var i: i32 = @intCast(i32, nums.len ) - 1;
|
|
||||||
while (i > 0) : (i -= 1) {
|
|
||||||
var j: usize = 0;
|
|
||||||
// 内循环:冒泡操作
|
|
||||||
while (j < i) : (j += 1) {
|
|
||||||
if (nums[j] > nums[j + 1]) {
|
|
||||||
// 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]
|
|
||||||
var tmp = nums[j];
|
|
||||||
nums[j] = nums[j + 1];
|
|
||||||
nums[j + 1] = tmp;
|
|
||||||
count += 3; // 元素交换包含 3 个单元操作
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
return count;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### 指数阶 $O(2^n)$
|
### 指数阶 $O(2^n)$
|
||||||
|
@ -1304,22 +1247,7 @@ $$
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="time_complexity.zig"
|
```zig title="time_complexity.zig"
|
||||||
// 指数阶(循环实现)
|
[class]{}-[func]{exponential}
|
||||||
fn exponential(n: i32) i32{
|
|
||||||
var count: i32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
var bas: i32 = 1;
|
|
||||||
var i: i32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
// cell 每轮一分为二,形成数列 1, 2, 4, 8, ..., 2^(n-1)
|
|
||||||
while (i < n) : (i += 1) {
|
|
||||||
var j: i32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
while (j < bas) : (j += 1) {
|
|
||||||
count += 1;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
bas *= 2;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
// count = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + .. + 2^(n-1) = 2^n - 1
|
|
||||||
return count;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
![time_complexity_exponential](time_complexity.assets/time_complexity_exponential.png)
|
![time_complexity_exponential](time_complexity.assets/time_complexity_exponential.png)
|
||||||
|
@ -1389,11 +1317,7 @@ $$
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="time_complexity.zig"
|
```zig title="time_complexity.zig"
|
||||||
// 指数阶(递归实现)
|
[class]{}-[func]{expRecur}
|
||||||
fn expRecur(n: i32) i32{
|
|
||||||
if (n == 1) return 1;
|
|
||||||
return expRecur(n - 1) + expRecur(n - 1) + 1;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### 对数阶 $O(\log n)$
|
### 对数阶 $O(\log n)$
|
||||||
|
@ -1469,18 +1393,7 @@ $$
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="time_complexity.zig"
|
```zig title="time_complexity.zig"
|
||||||
// 对数阶(循环实现)
|
[class]{}-[func]{logarithmic}
|
||||||
fn logarithmic(n: f32) i32
|
|
||||||
{
|
|
||||||
var count: i32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
var n_var = n;
|
|
||||||
while (n_var > 1)
|
|
||||||
{
|
|
||||||
n_var = n_var / 2;
|
|
||||||
count +=1;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
return count;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
![time_complexity_logarithmic](time_complexity.assets/time_complexity_logarithmic.png)
|
![time_complexity_logarithmic](time_complexity.assets/time_complexity_logarithmic.png)
|
||||||
|
@ -1550,12 +1463,7 @@ $$
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="time_complexity.zig"
|
```zig title="time_complexity.zig"
|
||||||
// 对数阶(递归实现)
|
[class]{}-[func]{logRecur}
|
||||||
fn logRecur(n: f32) i32
|
|
||||||
{
|
|
||||||
if (n <= 1) return 0;
|
|
||||||
return logRecur(n / 2) + 1;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### 线性对数阶 $O(n \log n)$
|
### 线性对数阶 $O(n \log n)$
|
||||||
|
@ -1630,18 +1538,7 @@ $$
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="time_complexity.zig"
|
```zig title="time_complexity.zig"
|
||||||
// 线性对数阶
|
[class]{}-[func]{linearLogRecur}
|
||||||
fn linearLogRecur(n: f32) i32
|
|
||||||
{
|
|
||||||
if (n <= 1) return 1;
|
|
||||||
var count: i32 = linearLogRecur(n / 2) +
|
|
||||||
linearLogRecur(n / 2);
|
|
||||||
var i: f32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
while (i < n) : (i += 1) {
|
|
||||||
count += 1;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
return count;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
![time_complexity_logarithmic_linear](time_complexity.assets/time_complexity_logarithmic_linear.png)
|
![time_complexity_logarithmic_linear](time_complexity.assets/time_complexity_logarithmic_linear.png)
|
||||||
|
@ -1723,17 +1620,7 @@ $$
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="time_complexity.zig"
|
```zig title="time_complexity.zig"
|
||||||
// 阶乘阶(递归实现)
|
[class]{}-[func]{factorialRecur}
|
||||||
fn factorialRecur(n: i32) i32 {
|
|
||||||
if (n == 0) return 1;
|
|
||||||
var count: i32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
var i: i32 = 0;
|
|
||||||
// 从 1 个分裂出 n 个
|
|
||||||
while (i < n) : (i += 1) {
|
|
||||||
count += factorialRecur(n - 1);
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
return count;
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
![time_complexity_factorial](time_complexity.assets/time_complexity_factorial.png)
|
![time_complexity_factorial](time_complexity.assets/time_complexity_factorial.png)
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -486,7 +486,9 @@ $$
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="array_hash_map.zig"
|
```zig title="array_hash_map.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{Entry}-[func]{}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[class]{ArrayHashMap}-[func]{}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 6.1.4. 哈希冲突
|
## 6.1.4. 哈希冲突
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -342,7 +342,11 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="my_heap.zig"
|
```zig title="my_heap.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{left}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{right}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{parent}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### 访问堆顶元素
|
### 访问堆顶元素
|
||||||
|
@ -406,7 +410,7 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="my_heap.zig"
|
```zig title="my_heap.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{peek}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### 元素入堆
|
### 元素入堆
|
||||||
|
@ -506,7 +510,9 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="my_heap.zig"
|
```zig title="my_heap.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{push}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{siftUp}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### 堆顶元素出堆
|
### 堆顶元素出堆
|
||||||
|
@ -622,7 +628,9 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="my_heap.zig"
|
```zig title="my_heap.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{poll}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{siftDown}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### 输入数据并建堆 *
|
### 输入数据并建堆 *
|
||||||
|
@ -688,7 +696,7 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="my_heap.zig"
|
```zig title="my_heap.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{MaxHeap}-[func]{init}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
那么,第二种建堆方法的时间复杂度时多少呢?我们来做一下简单推算。
|
那么,第二种建堆方法的时间复杂度时多少呢?我们来做一下简单推算。
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ $$
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="binary_search.zig"
|
```zig title="binary_search.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{}-[func]{binarySearch}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### “左闭右开”实现
|
### “左闭右开”实现
|
||||||
|
@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ $$
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="binary_search.zig"
|
```zig title="binary_search.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{}-[func]{binarySearch1}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### 两种表示对比
|
### 两种表示对比
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="hashing_search.zig"
|
```zig title="hashing_search.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{}-[func]{hashingSearchArray}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
再比如,如果我们想要给定一个目标结点值 `target` ,获取对应的链表结点对象,那么也可以使用哈希查找实现。
|
再比如,如果我们想要给定一个目标结点值 `target` ,获取对应的链表结点对象,那么也可以使用哈希查找实现。
|
||||||
|
@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="hashing_search.zig"
|
```zig title="hashing_search.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{}-[func]{hashingSearchLinkedList}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 10.3.2. 复杂度分析
|
## 10.3.2. 复杂度分析
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="linear_search.zig"
|
```zig title="linear_search.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{}-[func]{linearSearchArray}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
再比如,我们想要在给定一个目标结点值 `target` ,返回此结点对象,也可以在链表中进行线性查找。
|
再比如,我们想要在给定一个目标结点值 `target` ,返回此结点对象,也可以在链表中进行线性查找。
|
||||||
|
@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="linear_search.zig"
|
```zig title="linear_search.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{}-[func]{linearSearchLinkedList}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 10.1.2. 复杂度分析
|
## 10.1.2. 复杂度分析
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="bubble_sort.zig"
|
```zig title="bubble_sort.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSort}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 11.2.2. 算法特性
|
## 11.2.2. 算法特性
|
||||||
|
@ -217,5 +217,5 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="bubble_sort.zig"
|
```zig title="bubble_sort.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{}-[func]{bubbleSortWithFlag}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="insertion_sort.zig"
|
```zig title="insertion_sort.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{}-[func]{insertionSort}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 11.3.2. 算法特性
|
## 11.3.2. 算法特性
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -112,7 +112,9 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="quick_sort.zig"
|
```zig title="quick_sort.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{swap}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{partition}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
!!! note "快速排序的分治思想"
|
!!! note "快速排序的分治思想"
|
||||||
|
@ -188,7 +190,7 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="quick_sort.zig"
|
```zig title="quick_sort.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{QuickSort}-[func]{quickSort}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 11.4.2. 算法特性
|
## 11.4.2. 算法特性
|
||||||
|
@ -294,7 +296,9 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="quick_sort.zig"
|
```zig title="quick_sort.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{QuickSortMedian}-[func]{medianThree}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[class]{QuickSortMedian}-[func]{partition}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 11.4.5. 尾递归优化
|
## 11.4.5. 尾递归优化
|
||||||
|
@ -360,5 +364,5 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="quick_sort.zig"
|
```zig title="quick_sort.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{QuickSortTailCall}-[func]{quickSort}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="linkedlist_queue.zig"
|
```zig title="linkedlist_queue.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{LinkedListQueue}-[func]{}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### 基于数组的实现
|
### 基于数组的实现
|
||||||
|
@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="array_queue.zig"
|
```zig title="array_queue.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{ArrayQueue}-[func]{}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
以上代码仍存在局限性,即长度不可变。然而,我们可以通过将数组替换为列表(即动态数组)来引入扩容机制,有兴趣的同学可以尝试实现。
|
以上代码仍存在局限性,即长度不可变。然而,我们可以通过将数组替换为列表(即动态数组)来引入扩容机制,有兴趣的同学可以尝试实现。
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="linkedlist_stack.zig"
|
```zig title="linkedlist_stack.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{LinkedListStack}-[func]{}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### 基于数组的实现
|
### 基于数组的实现
|
||||||
|
@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="array_stack.zig"
|
```zig title="array_stack.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{ArrayStack}-[func]{}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 5.1.3. 两种实现对比
|
## 5.1.3. 两种实现对比
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -228,7 +228,9 @@ G. M. Adelson-Velsky 和 E. M. Landis 在其 1962 年发表的论文 "An algorit
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="avl_tree.zig"
|
```zig title="avl_tree.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{height}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{updateHeight}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### 结点平衡因子
|
### 结点平衡因子
|
||||||
|
@ -294,7 +296,7 @@ G. M. Adelson-Velsky 和 E. M. Landis 在其 1962 年发表的论文 "An algorit
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="avl_tree.zig"
|
```zig title="avl_tree.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{balanceFactor}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
!!! note
|
!!! note
|
||||||
|
@ -386,7 +388,7 @@ AVL 树的独特之处在于「旋转 Rotation」的操作,其可 **在不影
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="avl_tree.zig"
|
```zig title="avl_tree.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{rightRotate}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Case 2 - 左旋
|
### Case 2 - 左旋
|
||||||
|
@ -460,7 +462,7 @@ AVL 树的独特之处在于「旋转 Rotation」的操作,其可 **在不影
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="avl_tree.zig"
|
```zig title="avl_tree.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{leftRotate}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Case 3 - 先左后右
|
### Case 3 - 先左后右
|
||||||
|
@ -553,7 +555,7 @@ AVL 树的独特之处在于「旋转 Rotation」的操作,其可 **在不影
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="avl_tree.zig"
|
```zig title="avl_tree.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{rotate}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 7.4.3. AVL 树常用操作
|
## 7.4.3. AVL 树常用操作
|
||||||
|
@ -637,7 +639,9 @@ AVL 树的独特之处在于「旋转 Rotation」的操作,其可 **在不影
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="avl_tree.zig"
|
```zig title="avl_tree.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{insert}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{insertHelper}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### 删除结点
|
### 删除结点
|
||||||
|
@ -733,7 +737,11 @@ AVL 树的独特之处在于「旋转 Rotation」的操作,其可 **在不影
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="avl_tree.zig"
|
```zig title="avl_tree.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{remove}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{removeHelper}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[class]{AVLTree}-[func]{getInOrderNext}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### 查找结点
|
### 查找结点
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="binary_search_tree.zig"
|
```zig title="binary_search_tree.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{search}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### 插入结点
|
### 插入结点
|
||||||
|
@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="binary_search_tree.zig"
|
```zig title="binary_search_tree.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{insert}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
为了插入结点,需要借助 **辅助结点 `pre`** 保存上一轮循环的结点,这样在遍历到 $\text{null}$ 时,我们也可以获取到其父结点,从而完成结点插入操作。
|
为了插入结点,需要借助 **辅助结点 `pre`** 保存上一轮循环的结点,这样在遍历到 $\text{null}$ 时,我们也可以获取到其父结点,从而完成结点插入操作。
|
||||||
|
@ -275,7 +275,9 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="binary_search_tree.zig"
|
```zig title="binary_search_tree.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{remove}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[class]{BinarySearchTree}-[func]{getInOrderNext}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### 排序
|
### 排序
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="binary_tree_bfs.zig"
|
```zig title="binary_tree_bfs.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{}-[func]{hierOrder}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 7.2.2. 前序、中序、后序遍历
|
## 7.2.2. 前序、中序、后序遍历
|
||||||
|
@ -187,7 +187,11 @@ comments: true
|
||||||
=== "Zig"
|
=== "Zig"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```zig title="binary_tree_dfs.zig"
|
```zig title="binary_tree_dfs.zig"
|
||||||
|
[class]{}-[func]{preOrder}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[class]{}-[func]{inOrder}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[class]{}-[func]{postOrder}
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
!!! note
|
!!! note
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ from docs.utils.extract_code_jsts import ExtractCodeBlocksJSTS
|
||||||
from docs.utils.extract_code_swift import ExtractCodeBlocksSwift
|
from docs.utils.extract_code_swift import ExtractCodeBlocksSwift
|
||||||
from docs.utils.extract_code_csharp import ExtractCodeBlocksCSharp
|
from docs.utils.extract_code_csharp import ExtractCodeBlocksCSharp
|
||||||
from docs.utils.extract_code_go import ExtractCodeBlocksGo
|
from docs.utils.extract_code_go import ExtractCodeBlocksGo
|
||||||
|
from docs.utils.extract_code_zig import ExtractCodeBlocksZig
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def build_markdown(md_path):
|
def build_markdown(md_path):
|
||||||
|
@ -41,6 +42,12 @@ def build_markdown(md_path):
|
||||||
# Get the coresponding language code extractor
|
# Get the coresponding language code extractor
|
||||||
lang = file_match[1]
|
lang = file_match[1]
|
||||||
file_name = file_match[2]
|
file_name = file_match[2]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if lang not in extractor_dict:
|
||||||
|
print(f"warning: {lang} is not in the extractor_dict")
|
||||||
|
i += 1
|
||||||
|
continue
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
extractor = extractor_dict[lang]
|
extractor = extractor_dict[lang]
|
||||||
# Get code blocks
|
# Get code blocks
|
||||||
if file_name not in code_blocks_dict:
|
if file_name not in code_blocks_dict:
|
||||||
|
@ -98,6 +105,7 @@ extractor_dict = {
|
||||||
"typescript": ExtractCodeBlocksJSTS(),
|
"typescript": ExtractCodeBlocksJSTS(),
|
||||||
"swift": ExtractCodeBlocksSwift(),
|
"swift": ExtractCodeBlocksSwift(),
|
||||||
"csharp": ExtractCodeBlocksCSharp(),
|
"csharp": ExtractCodeBlocksCSharp(),
|
||||||
|
"zig": ExtractCodeBlocksZig(),
|
||||||
}
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -22,12 +22,6 @@ class ExtractCodeBlocksGo(ExtractCodeBlocksJava):
|
||||||
self.func_pattern_keys = ["total", "ind", "class", "label", "params", "return"]
|
self.func_pattern_keys = ["total", "ind", "class", "label", "params", "return"]
|
||||||
self.class_pattern_keys = ["total", "ind", "label"]
|
self.class_pattern_keys = ["total", "ind", "label"]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Pattern to match the start and end of a block
|
|
||||||
self.block_end_pattern = '^\s{ind}\}'
|
|
||||||
self.block_start_pattern = '^\s{ind}\/\*.+\*\/'
|
|
||||||
self.block_start_shift = 0
|
|
||||||
self.block_end_shift = 0
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
def extract(self, file_path):
|
def extract(self, file_path):
|
||||||
"""
|
"""
|
||||||
Extract classes and functions from a markdown document
|
Extract classes and functions from a markdown document
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ class ExtractCodeBlocksJava:
|
||||||
self.class_pattern_keys = ["total", "scope", "label"]
|
self.class_pattern_keys = ["total", "scope", "label"]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# Pattern to match the start and end of a block
|
# Pattern to match the start and end of a block
|
||||||
self.block_end_pattern = '^\s{ind}\}'
|
|
||||||
self.block_start_pattern = '^\s{ind}\/\*.+\*\/'
|
self.block_start_pattern = '^\s{ind}\/\*.+\*\/'
|
||||||
|
self.block_end_pattern = '^\s{ind}\}'
|
||||||
self.block_start_shift = 0
|
self.block_start_shift = 0
|
||||||
self.block_end_shift = 0
|
self.block_end_shift = 0
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -156,8 +156,9 @@ class ExtractCodeBlocksJava:
|
||||||
header_line = func["line_number"]["header"] - \
|
header_line = func["line_number"]["header"] - \
|
||||||
func["line_number"]["start"]
|
func["line_number"]["start"]
|
||||||
block[header_line] = block[header_line] \
|
block[header_line] = block[header_line] \
|
||||||
.replace("static ", "").replace("public ", "").replace("private ", "")
|
.replace("static ", "", 1).replace("public ", "", 1).replace("private ", "", 1)
|
||||||
for clas in classes.values():
|
for clas in classes.values():
|
||||||
|
remove_keyword(clas)
|
||||||
for func in clas["funcs"].values():
|
for func in clas["funcs"].values():
|
||||||
remove_keyword(func)
|
remove_keyword(func)
|
||||||
for func in funcs.values():
|
for func in funcs.values():
|
||||||
|
|
90
docs/utils/extract_code_zig.py
Normal file
90
docs/utils/extract_code_zig.py
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
|
||||||
|
"""
|
||||||
|
File: extract_code_zig.py
|
||||||
|
Created Time: 2023-02-07
|
||||||
|
Author: Krahets (krahets@163.com)
|
||||||
|
"""
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
import re
|
||||||
|
import glob
|
||||||
|
import sys, os.path as osp
|
||||||
|
sys.path.append(osp.dirname(osp.dirname(osp.dirname(osp.abspath(__file__)))))
|
||||||
|
from docs.utils.extract_code_java import ExtractCodeBlocksJava
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class ExtractCodeBlocksZig(ExtractCodeBlocksJava):
|
||||||
|
def __init__(self) -> None:
|
||||||
|
super().__init__()
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
self.ind = 4
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Pattern to match function names and class names
|
||||||
|
self.func_pattern = r'(\s*)(pub|)\s*fn\s+(\w+)\(.+\)\s*(.+)\s*{\n'
|
||||||
|
self.class_pattern = r'(\s*)(pub|)\s*(fn|const)\s+(\w+)\(*.+\)*\s*(type|struct)\s*{\n'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
self.func_pattern_keys = ["total", "ind", "scope", "label", "return"]
|
||||||
|
self.class_pattern_keys = ["total", "ind", "scope", "type", "label", "struct"]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Pattern to match the start and end of a block
|
||||||
|
self.block_start_pattern = '^\s*\n'
|
||||||
|
self.block_start_shift = 1
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def extract_class_blocks(self):
|
||||||
|
"""
|
||||||
|
Extract all the classes with given indentation
|
||||||
|
"""
|
||||||
|
classes = {}
|
||||||
|
class_pattern = re.compile(self.class_pattern)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for line_num, line in enumerate(self.lines):
|
||||||
|
# Search the class header
|
||||||
|
class_match = class_pattern.match(line)
|
||||||
|
if class_match is None:
|
||||||
|
continue
|
||||||
|
header_line = line_num
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Search the block from the header line
|
||||||
|
start_line, end_line, class_block = self.search_block(
|
||||||
|
header_line, 0)
|
||||||
|
# Construct the classes dict
|
||||||
|
class_label = class_match.group(self.class_pattern_keys.index("label"))
|
||||||
|
# Define the indentation by the class type
|
||||||
|
class_type = class_match.group(self.class_pattern_keys.index("type"))
|
||||||
|
self.ind = 8 if class_type == "fn" else 4
|
||||||
|
classes[class_label] = {
|
||||||
|
"indentation": 0,
|
||||||
|
"line_number": {
|
||||||
|
"start": start_line,
|
||||||
|
"end": end_line,
|
||||||
|
"header": header_line,
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"block": class_block,
|
||||||
|
"funcs": self.extract_function_blocks(
|
||||||
|
indentation=self.ind, start_line=start_line, end_line=end_line)
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
return classes
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
def post_process(self, classes, funcs):
|
||||||
|
"""
|
||||||
|
Process the classes and functions
|
||||||
|
"""
|
||||||
|
def remove_keyword(func):
|
||||||
|
block = func["block"]
|
||||||
|
header_line = func["line_number"]["header"] - \
|
||||||
|
func["line_number"]["start"]
|
||||||
|
block[header_line] = block[header_line].replace("pub ", "", 1)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for clas in classes.values():
|
||||||
|
remove_keyword(clas)
|
||||||
|
for func in clas["funcs"].values():
|
||||||
|
remove_keyword(func)
|
||||||
|
if func["indentation"] == 8:
|
||||||
|
for i, line in enumerate(func["block"]):
|
||||||
|
func["block"][i] = line[4:]
|
||||||
|
for func in funcs.values():
|
||||||
|
remove_keyword(func)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# for code_path in glob.glob("codes/*/chapter_*/my_heap.zig"):
|
||||||
|
# ext = ExtractCodeBlocksZig()
|
||||||
|
# res = ext.extract(code_path)
|
||||||
|
# pass
|
Loading…
Reference in a new issue