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feat: add ruby code - chapter stack and queue (#1230)
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144
codes/ruby/chapter_stack_and_queue/array_deque.rb
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144
codes/ruby/chapter_stack_and_queue/array_deque.rb
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@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
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=begin
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File: array_deque.rb
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Created Time: 2024-04-05
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Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
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=end
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### 基于环形数组实现的双向队列 ###
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class ArrayDeque
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### 获取双向队列的长度 ###
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attr_reader :size
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### 构造方法 ###
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def initialize(capacity)
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@nums = Array.new(capacity, 0)
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@front = 0
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@size = 0
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end
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### 获取双向队列的容量 ###
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def capacity
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@nums.length
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end
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### 判断双向队列是否为空 ###
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def is_empty?
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size.zero?
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end
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### 队首入队 ###
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def push_first(num)
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if size == capacity
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puts '双向队列已满'
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return
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end
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# 队首指针向左移动一位
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# 通过取余操作实现 front 越过数组头部后回到尾部
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@front = index(@front - 1)
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# 将 num 添加至队首
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@nums[@front] = num
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@size += 1
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end
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### 队尾入队 ###
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def push_last(num)
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if size == capacity
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puts '双向队列已满'
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return
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end
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# 计算队尾指针,指向队尾索引 + 1
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rear = index(@front + size)
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# 将 num 添加至队尾
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@nums[rear] = num
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@size += 1
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end
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### 队首出队 ###
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def pop_first
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num = peek_first
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# 队首指针向后移动一位
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@front = index(@front + 1)
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@size -= 1
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num
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end
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### 队尾出队 ###
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def pop_last
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num = peek_last
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@size -= 1
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num
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end
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### 访问队首元素 ###
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def peek_first
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raise IndexError, '双向队列为空' if is_empty?
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@nums[@front]
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end
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### 访问队尾元素 ###
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def peek_last
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raise IndexError, '双向队列为空' if is_empty?
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# 计算尾元素索引
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last = index(@front + size - 1)
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@nums[last]
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end
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### 返回数组用于打印 ###
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def to_array
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# 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素
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res = []
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for i in 0...size
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res << @nums[index(@front + i)]
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end
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res
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end
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private
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### 计算环形数组索引 ###
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def index(i)
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# 通过取余操作实现数组首尾相连
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# 当 i 越过数组尾部后,回到头部
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# 当 i 越过数组头部后,回到尾部
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(i + capacity) % capacity
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end
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end
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### Driver Code ###
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# 初始化双向队列
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deque = ArrayDeque.new(10)
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deque.push_last(3)
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deque.push_last(2)
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deque.push_last(5)
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puts "双向队列 deque = #{deque.to_array}"
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# 访问元素
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peek_first = deque.peek_first
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puts "队首元素 peek_first = #{peek_first}"
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peek_last = deque.peek_last
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puts "队尾元素 peek_last = #{peek_last}"
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# 元素入队
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deque.push_last(4)
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puts "元素 4 队尾入队后 deque = #{deque.to_array}"
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deque.push_first(1)
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puts "元素 1 队尾入队后 deque = #{deque.to_array}"
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# 元素出队
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pop_last = deque.pop_last
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puts "队尾出队元素 = #{pop_last},队尾出队后 deque = #{deque.to_array}"
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pop_first = deque.pop_first
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puts "队尾出队元素 = #{pop_first},队尾出队后 deque = #{deque.to_array}"
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# 获取双向队列的长度
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size = deque.size
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puts "双向队列长度 size = #{size}"
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# 判断双向队列是否为空
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is_empty = deque.is_empty?
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puts "双向队列是否为空 = #{is_empty}"
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106
codes/ruby/chapter_stack_and_queue/array_queue.rb
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106
codes/ruby/chapter_stack_and_queue/array_queue.rb
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@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
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=begin
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File: array_queue.rb
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Created Time: 2024-04-05
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Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
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=end
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### 基于环形数组实现的队列 ###
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class ArrayQueue
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### 获取队列的长度 ###
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attr_reader :size
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### 构造方法 ###
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def initialize(size)
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@nums = Array.new(size, 0) # 用于存储队列元素的数组
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@front = 0 # 队首指针,指向队首元素
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@size = 0 # 队列长度
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end
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### 获取队列的容量 ###
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def capacity
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@nums.length
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end
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### 判断队列是否为空 ###
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def is_empty?
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size.zero?
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end
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### 入队 ###
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def push(num)
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raise IndexError, '队列已满' if size == capacity
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# 计算队尾指针,指向队尾索引 + 1
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# 通过取余操作实现 rear 越过数组尾部后回到头部
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rear = (@front + size) % capacity
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# 将 num 添加至队尾
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@nums[rear] = num
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@size += 1
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end
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### 出队 ###
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def pop
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num = peek
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# 队首指针向后移动一位,若越过尾部,则返回到数组头部
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@front = (@front + 1) % capacity
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@size -= 1
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num
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end
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### 访问队首元素 ###
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def peek
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raise IndexError, '队列为空' if is_empty?
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@nums[@front]
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end
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### 返回列表用于打印 ###
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def to_array
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res = Array.new(size, 0)
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j = @front
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for i in 0...size
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res[i] = @nums[j % capacity]
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j += 1
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end
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res
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end
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end
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### Driver Code ###
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# 初始化队列
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queue = ArrayQueue.new(10)
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# 元素入队
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queue.push(1)
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queue.push(3)
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queue.push(2)
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queue.push(5)
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queue.push(4)
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puts "队列 queue = #{queue.to_array}"
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# 访问队首元素
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peek = queue.peek
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puts "队首元素 peek = #{peek}"
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# 元素出队
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pop = queue.pop
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puts "出队元素 pop = #{pop}"
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puts "出队后 queue = #{queue.to_array}"
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# 获取队列的长度
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size = queue.size
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puts "队列长度 size = #{size}"
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# 判断队列是否为空
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is_empty = queue.is_empty?
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puts "队列是否为空 = #{is_empty}"
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# 测试环形数组
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for i in 0...10
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queue.push(i)
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queue.pop
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puts "第 #{i} 轮入队 + 出队后 queue = #{queue.to_array}"
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end
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77
codes/ruby/chapter_stack_and_queue/array_stack.rb
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77
codes/ruby/chapter_stack_and_queue/array_stack.rb
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@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
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=begin
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File: array_stack.rb
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Created Time: 2024-04-06
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Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
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=end
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### 基于数组实现的栈 ###
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class ArrayStack
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### 构造方法 ###
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def initialize
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@stack = []
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end
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### 获取栈的长度 ###
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def size
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@stack.length
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end
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### 判断栈是否为空 ###
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def is_empty?
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@stack.empty?
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end
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### 入栈 ###
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def push(item)
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@stack << item
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end
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### 出栈 ###
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def pop
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raise IndexError, '栈为空' if is_empty?
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@stack.pop
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end
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### 访问栈顶元素 ###
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def peek
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raise IndexError, '栈为空' if is_empty?
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@stack.last
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end
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### 返回列表用于打印 ###
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def to_array
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@stack
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end
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end
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### Driver Code ###
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# 初始化栈
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stack = ArrayStack.new
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# 元素入栈
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stack.push(1)
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stack.push(3)
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stack.push(2)
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stack.push(5)
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stack.push(4)
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puts "栈 stack = #{stack.to_array}"
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# 访问栈顶元素
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peek = stack.peek
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puts "栈顶元素 peek = #{peek}"
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# 元素出栈
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pop = stack.pop
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puts "出栈元素 pop = #{pop}"
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puts "出栈后 stack = #{stack.to_array}"
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# 获取栈的长度
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size = stack.size
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puts "栈的长度 size = #{size}"
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# 判断是否为空
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is_empty = stack.is_empty?
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puts "栈是否为空 = #{is_empty}"
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41
codes/ruby/chapter_stack_and_queue/deque.rb
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41
codes/ruby/chapter_stack_and_queue/deque.rb
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=begin
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File: deque.rb
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Created Time: 2024-04-06
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Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
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=end
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### Driver Code ###
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# 初始化双向队列
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# Ruby 没有内直的双端队列,只能把 Array 当作双端队列来使用
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deque = []
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# 元素如队
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deque << 2
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deque << 5
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deque << 4
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# 请注意,由于是数组,Array#unshift 方法的时间复杂度为 O(n)
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deque.unshift(3)
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deque.unshift(1)
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puts "双向队列 deque = #{deque}"
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# 访问元素
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peek_first = deque.first
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puts "队首元素 peek_first = #{peek_first}"
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peek_last = deque.last
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puts "队尾元素 peek_last = #{peek_last}"
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# 元素出队
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# 请注意,由于是数组, Array#shift 方法的时间复杂度为 O(n)
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pop_front = deque.shift
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puts "队首出队元素 pop_front = #{pop_front},队首出队后 deque = #{deque}"
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pop_back = deque.pop
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puts "队尾出队元素 pop_back = #{pop_back}, 队尾出队后 deque = #{deque}"
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# 获取双向队列的长度
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size = deque.length
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puts "双向队列长度 size = #{size}"
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# 判断双向队列是否为空
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is_empty = size.zero?
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puts "双向队列是否为空 = #{is_empty}"
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167
codes/ruby/chapter_stack_and_queue/linkedlist_deque.rb
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167
codes/ruby/chapter_stack_and_queue/linkedlist_deque.rb
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=begin
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File: linkedlist_deque.rb
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Created Time: 2024-04-06
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Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
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=end
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### 双向链表节点
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class ListNode
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attr_accessor :val
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attr_accessor :next # 后继节点引用
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attr_accessor :prev # 前躯节点引用
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### 构造方法 ###
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def initialize(val)
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@val = val
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end
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end
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### 基于双向链表实现的双向队列 ###
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class LinkedListDeque
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### 获取双向队列的长度 ###
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attr_reader :size
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### 构造方法 ###
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def initialize
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@front = nil # 头节点 front
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@rear = nil # 尾节点 rear
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@size = 0 # 双向队列的长度
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end
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### 判断双向队列是否为空 ###
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def is_empty?
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size.zero?
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end
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### 入队操作 ###
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def push(num, is_front)
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node = ListNode.new(num)
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# 若链表为空, 则令 front 和 rear 都指向 node
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if is_empty?
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@front = @rear = node
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# 队首入队操作
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elsif is_front
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# 将 node 添加至链表头部
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@front.prev = node
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node.next = @front
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@front = node # 更新头节点
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# 队尾入队操作
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else
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# 将 node 添加至链表尾部
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@rear.next = node
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node.prev = @rear
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@rear = node # 更新尾节点
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end
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@size += 1 # 更新队列长度
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end
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### 队首入队 ###
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def push_first(num)
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push(num, true)
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end
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### 队尾入队 ###
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def push_last(num)
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push(num, false)
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end
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### 出队操作 ###
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def pop(is_front)
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raise IndexError, '双向队列为空' if is_empty?
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# 队首出队操作
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if is_front
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val = @front.val # 暂存头节点值
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# 删除头节点
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fnext = @front.next
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unless fnext.nil?
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fnext.prev = nil
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@front.next = nil
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end
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@front = fnext # 更新头节点
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# 队尾出队操作
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else
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val = @rear.val # 暂存尾节点值
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# 删除尾节点
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rprev = @rear.prev
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unless rprev.nil?
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rprev.next = nil
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@rear.prev = nil
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end
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@rear = rprev # 更新尾节点
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end
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@size -= 1 # 更新队列长度
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val
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end
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### 队首出队 ###
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def pop_first
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pop(true)
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end
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### 队首出队 ###
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def pop_last
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pop(false)
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end
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### 访问队首元素 ###
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def peek_first
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raise IndexError, '双向队列为空' if is_empty?
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||||
|
||||
@front.val
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 访问队尾元素 ###
|
||||
def peek_last
|
||||
raise IndexError, '双向队列为空' if is_empty?
|
||||
|
||||
@rear.val
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 返回数组用于打印 ###
|
||||
def to_array
|
||||
node = @front
|
||||
res = Array.new(size, 0)
|
||||
for i in 0...size
|
||||
res[i] = node.val
|
||||
node = node.next
|
||||
end
|
||||
res
|
||||
end
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### Driver Code ###
|
||||
|
||||
# 初始化双向队列
|
||||
deque = LinkedListDeque.new
|
||||
deque.push_last(3)
|
||||
deque.push_last(2)
|
||||
deque.push_last(5)
|
||||
puts "双向队列 deque = #{deque.to_array}"
|
||||
|
||||
# 访问元素
|
||||
peek_first = deque.peek_first
|
||||
puts "队首元素 peek_first = #{peek_first}"
|
||||
peek_last = deque.peek_last
|
||||
puts "队首元素 peek_last = #{peek_last}"
|
||||
|
||||
# 元素入队
|
||||
deque.push_last(4)
|
||||
puts "元素 4 队尾入队后 deque = #{deque.to_array}"
|
||||
deque.push_first(1)
|
||||
puts "元素 1 队首入队后 deque = #{deque.to_array}"
|
||||
|
||||
# 元素出队
|
||||
pop_last = deque.pop_last
|
||||
puts "队尾出队元素 = #{pop_last}, 队尾出队后 deque = #{deque.to_array}"
|
||||
pop_first = deque.pop_first
|
||||
puts "队首出队元素 = #{pop_first},队首出队后 deque = #{deque.to_array}"
|
||||
|
||||
# 获取双向队列的长度
|
||||
size = deque.size
|
||||
puts "双向队列长度 size = #{size}"
|
||||
|
||||
# 判断双向队列是否为空
|
||||
is_empty = deque.is_empty?
|
||||
puts "双向队列是否为空 = #{is_empty}"
|
100
codes/ruby/chapter_stack_and_queue/linkedlist_queue.rb
Normal file
100
codes/ruby/chapter_stack_and_queue/linkedlist_queue.rb
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
|
|||
=begin
|
||||
File: linkedlist_queue.rb
|
||||
Created Time: 2024-04-06
|
||||
Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
|
||||
=end
|
||||
|
||||
require_relative '../utils/list_node'
|
||||
|
||||
### 基于链表头现的队列 ###
|
||||
class LinkedListQueue
|
||||
### 获取队列的长度 ###
|
||||
attr_reader :size
|
||||
|
||||
### 构造方法 ###
|
||||
def initialize
|
||||
@front = nil # 头节点 front
|
||||
@rear = nil # 尾节点 rear
|
||||
@size = 0
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 判断队列是否为空 ###
|
||||
def is_empty?
|
||||
@front.nil?
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 入队 ###
|
||||
def push(num)
|
||||
# 在尾节点后添加 num
|
||||
node = ListNode.new(num)
|
||||
|
||||
# 如果队列为空,则令头,尾节点都指向该节点
|
||||
if @front.nil?
|
||||
@front = node
|
||||
@rear = node
|
||||
# 如果队列不为空,则令该节点添加到尾节点后
|
||||
else
|
||||
@rear.next = node
|
||||
@rear = node
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
@size += 1
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 出队 ###
|
||||
def pop
|
||||
num = peek
|
||||
# 删除头节点
|
||||
@front = @front.next
|
||||
@size -= 1
|
||||
num
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 访问队首元素 ###
|
||||
def peek
|
||||
raise IndexError, '队列为空' if is_empty?
|
||||
|
||||
@front.val
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 将链表为 Array 并返回 ###
|
||||
def to_array
|
||||
queue = []
|
||||
temp = @front
|
||||
while temp
|
||||
queue << temp.val
|
||||
temp = temp.next
|
||||
end
|
||||
queue
|
||||
end
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### Driver Code ###
|
||||
|
||||
# 初始化队列
|
||||
queue = LinkedListQueue.new
|
||||
|
||||
# 元素如队
|
||||
queue.push(1)
|
||||
queue.push(3)
|
||||
queue.push(2)
|
||||
queue.push(5)
|
||||
queue.push(4)
|
||||
puts "队列 queue = #{queue.to_array}"
|
||||
|
||||
# 访问队首元素
|
||||
peek = queue.peek
|
||||
puts "队首元素 front = #{peek}"
|
||||
|
||||
# 元素出队
|
||||
pop_front = queue.pop
|
||||
puts "出队元素 pop = #{pop_front}"
|
||||
puts "出队后 queue = #{queue.to_array}"
|
||||
|
||||
# 获取队列的长度
|
||||
size = queue.size
|
||||
puts "队列长度 size = #{size}"
|
||||
|
||||
# 判断队列是否为空
|
||||
is_empty = queue.is_empty?
|
||||
puts "队列是否为空 = #{is_empty}"
|
86
codes/ruby/chapter_stack_and_queue/linkedlist_stack.rb
Normal file
86
codes/ruby/chapter_stack_and_queue/linkedlist_stack.rb
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
|
|||
=begin
|
||||
File: linkedlist_stack.rb
|
||||
Created Time: 2024-04-06
|
||||
Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
|
||||
=end
|
||||
|
||||
require_relative '../utils/list_node'
|
||||
|
||||
### 基于链表实现的栈 ###
|
||||
class LinkedListStack
|
||||
attr_reader :size
|
||||
|
||||
### 构造方法 ###
|
||||
def initialize
|
||||
@size = 0
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 判断栈是否为空 ###
|
||||
def is_empty?
|
||||
@peek.nil?
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 入栈 ###
|
||||
def push(val)
|
||||
node = ListNode.new(val)
|
||||
node.next = @peek
|
||||
@peek = node
|
||||
@size += 1
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 出栈 ###
|
||||
def pop
|
||||
num = peek
|
||||
@peek = @peek.next
|
||||
@size -= 1
|
||||
num
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 访问栈顶元素 ###
|
||||
def peek
|
||||
raise IndexError, '栈为空' if is_empty?
|
||||
|
||||
@peek.val
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 将链表转化为 Array 并反回 ###
|
||||
def to_array
|
||||
arr = []
|
||||
node = @peek
|
||||
while node
|
||||
arr << node.val
|
||||
node = node.next
|
||||
end
|
||||
arr.reverse
|
||||
end
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### Driver Code ###
|
||||
|
||||
# 初始化栈
|
||||
stack = LinkedListStack.new
|
||||
|
||||
# 元素入栈
|
||||
stack.push(1)
|
||||
stack.push(3)
|
||||
stack.push(2)
|
||||
stack.push(5)
|
||||
stack.push(4)
|
||||
puts "栈 stack = #{stack.to_array}"
|
||||
|
||||
# 访问栈顶元素
|
||||
peek = stack.peek
|
||||
puts "栈顶元素 peek = #{peek}"
|
||||
|
||||
# 元素出栈
|
||||
pop = stack.pop
|
||||
puts "出栈元素 pop = #{pop}"
|
||||
puts "出栈后 stack = #{stack.to_array}"
|
||||
|
||||
# 获取栈的长度
|
||||
size = stack.size
|
||||
puts "栈的长度 size = #{size}"
|
||||
|
||||
# 判断是否为空
|
||||
is_empty = stack.is_empty?
|
||||
puts "栈是否为空 = #{is_empty}"
|
37
codes/ruby/chapter_stack_and_queue/queue.rb
Normal file
37
codes/ruby/chapter_stack_and_queue/queue.rb
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
|
|||
=begin
|
||||
File: queue.rb
|
||||
Created Time: 2024-04-06
|
||||
Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
|
||||
=end
|
||||
|
||||
### Driver Code ###
|
||||
|
||||
# 初始化队列
|
||||
# Ruby 内置的队列(Thread::Queue) 没有 peek 和遍历方法,可以把 Array 当作队列来使用
|
||||
queue = []
|
||||
|
||||
# 元素入队
|
||||
queue.push(1)
|
||||
queue.push(3)
|
||||
queue.push(2)
|
||||
queue.push(5)
|
||||
queue.push(4)
|
||||
puts "队列 queue = #{queue}"
|
||||
|
||||
# 访问队列元素
|
||||
peek = queue.first
|
||||
puts "队首元素 peek = #{peek}"
|
||||
|
||||
# 元素出队
|
||||
# 清注意,由于是数组,Array#shift 方法时间复杂度为 O(n)
|
||||
pop = queue.shift
|
||||
puts "出队元素 pop = #{pop}"
|
||||
puts "出队后 queue = #{queue}"
|
||||
|
||||
# 获取队列的长度
|
||||
size = queue.length
|
||||
puts "队列长度 size = #{size}"
|
||||
|
||||
# 判断队列是否为空
|
||||
is_empty = queue.empty?
|
||||
puts "队列是否为空 = #{is_empty}"
|
36
codes/ruby/chapter_stack_and_queue/stack.rb
Normal file
36
codes/ruby/chapter_stack_and_queue/stack.rb
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
|
|||
=begin
|
||||
File: stack.rb
|
||||
Created Time: 2024-04-06
|
||||
Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
|
||||
=end
|
||||
|
||||
### Driver Code ###
|
||||
|
||||
# 初始化栈
|
||||
# Ruby 没有内置的栈类,可以把 Array 当作栈来使用
|
||||
stack = []
|
||||
|
||||
# 元素入栈
|
||||
stack << 1
|
||||
stack << 3
|
||||
stack << 2
|
||||
stack << 5
|
||||
stack << 4
|
||||
puts "栈 stack = #{stack}"
|
||||
|
||||
# 访问栈顶元素
|
||||
peek = stack.last
|
||||
puts "栈顶元素 peek = #{peek}"
|
||||
|
||||
# 元素出栈
|
||||
pop = stack.pop
|
||||
puts "出栈元素 pop = #{pop}"
|
||||
puts "出栈后 stack = #{stack}"
|
||||
|
||||
# 获取栈的长度
|
||||
size = stack.length
|
||||
puts "栈的长度 size = #{size}"
|
||||
|
||||
# 判断是否为空
|
||||
is_empty = stack.empty?
|
||||
puts "栈是否为空 = #{is_empty}"
|
Loading…
Reference in a new issue