Add C++, Python, Go code for chapter_hashing

codes/cpp/chapter_hashing/array_hash_map.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+/*
+ * File: array_hash_map.cpp
+ * Created Time: 2022-12-14
+ * Author: msk397 (machangxinq@gmail.com)
+ */
+
+#include "../include/include.hpp"
+
+/* 键值对 int->String */
+struct Entry {
+public:
+    int key;
+    string val;
+    Entry(int key, string val) {
+        this->key = key;
+        this->val = val;
+    }
+    Entry()=default;
+};
+
+/* 基于数组简易实现的哈希表 */
+class ArrayHashMap {
+private:
+    vector<Entry> bucket;
+public:
+    ArrayHashMap() {
+        // 初始化一个长度为 100 的桶（数组）
+        bucket= vector<Entry>(100);
+    }
+
+    /* 哈希函数 */
+    int hashFunc(int key) {
+        int index = key % 100;
+        return index;
+    }
+
+    /* 查询操作 */
+    string get(int key) {
+        int index = hashFunc(key);
+        Entry pair = bucket[index];
+        return pair.val;
+    }
+
+    /* 添加操作 */
+    void put(int key, string val) {
+        Entry pair = Entry(key, val);
+        int index = hashFunc(key);
+        bucket[index] = pair;
+    }
+
+    /* 删除操作 */
+    void remove(int key) {
+        int index = hashFunc(key);
+        // 置为空字符，代表删除
+        bucket[index] = *new Entry();
+    }
+
+    /* 获取所有键值对 */
+    vector<Entry> entrySet() {
+        vector<Entry> entrySet;
+        for (Entry pair: bucket) {
+            if (pair.key != 0) {
+                entrySet.push_back(pair);
+            }
+        }
+        return entrySet;
+    }
+
+    /* 获取所有键 */
+    vector<int> keySet() {
+        vector<int> keySet;
+        for (Entry pair: bucket) {
+            if (pair.key != 0) {
+                keySet.push_back(pair.key);
+            }
+        }
+        return keySet;
+    }
+
+    /* 获取所有值 */
+    vector<string> valueSet() {
+        vector<string> valueSet;
+        for (Entry pair: bucket) {
+            if (pair.key != 0)
+                valueSet.push_back(pair.val);
+        }
+        return valueSet;
+    }
+
+    /* 打印哈希表 */
+    void print() {
+        for (Entry kv: entrySet()) {
+            cout << kv.key << " -> " << kv.val << endl;
+        }
+    }
+};
+int main() {
+    /* 初始化哈希表 */
+    ArrayHashMap map = ArrayHashMap();
+
+    /* 添加操作 */
+    // 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
+    map.put(12836, "小哈");
+    map.put(15937, "小啰");
+    map.put(16750, "小算");
+    map.put(13276, "小法");
+    map.put(10583, "小鸭");
+    cout << "\n添加完成后，哈希表为\nKey -> Value" << endl;
+    map.print();
+
+    /* 查询操作 */
+    // 向哈希表输入键 key ，得到值 value
+    string name = map.get(15937);
+    cout << "\n输入学号 15937 ，查询到姓名 " << name << endl;
+
+    /* 删除操作 */
+    // 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
+    map.remove(10583);
+    cout << "\n删除 10583 后，哈希表为\nKey -> Value" << endl;
+    map.print();
+
+    /* 遍历哈希表 */
+    cout << "\n遍历键值对 Key->Value" << endl;
+    for (auto kv: map.entrySet()) {
+        cout << kv.key << " -> " << kv.val << endl;
+    }
+
+    cout << "\n单独遍历键 Key" << endl;
+    for (auto key: map.keySet()) {
+        cout << key << endl;
+    }
+
+    cout << "\n单独遍历值 Value" << endl;
+    for (auto val: map.valueSet()) {
+        cout << val << endl;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}

codes/cpp/chapter_hashing/hash_map.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+ * File: hash_map.cpp
+ * Created Time: 2022-12-14
+ * Author: msk397 (machangxinq@gmail.com)
+ */
+
+#include "../include/include.hpp"
+
+
+int main() {
+    /* 初始化哈希表 */
+    unordered_map<int, string> map;
+
+    /* 添加操作 */
+    // 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
+    map[12836] = "小哈";
+    map[15937] = "小啰";
+    map[16750] = "小算";
+    map[13276] = "小法";
+    map[10583] = "小鸭";
+    cout << "\n添加完成后，哈希表为\nKey -> Value" << endl;
+    PrintUtil::printHashMap(map);
+
+    /* 查询操作 */
+    // 向哈希表输入键 key ，得到值 value
+    string name = map[15937];
+    cout << "\n输入学号 15937 ，查询到姓名 " << name << endl;
+
+    /* 删除操作 */
+    // 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
+    map.erase(10583);
+    cout << "\n删除 10583 后，哈希表为\nKey -> Value" << endl;
+    PrintUtil::printHashMap(map);
+
+    /* 遍历哈希表 */
+    cout << "\n遍历键值对 Key->Value" << endl;
+    for (auto kv: map) {
+        cout << kv.first << " -> " << kv.second << endl;
+    }
+
+    cout << "\n单独遍历键 Key" << endl;
+    for (auto key: map) {
+        cout << key.first << endl;
+    }
+
+    cout << "\n单独遍历值 Value" << endl;
+    for (auto val: map) {
+        cout << val.second << endl;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}

codes/cpp/include/PrintUtil.hpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
  * File: PrintUtil.hpp
  * Created Time: 2021-12-19
- * Author: Krahets (krahets@163.com)
+ * Author: Krahets (krahets@163.com), msk397 (machangxinq@gmail.com)
  */
 
 #pragma once
@@ -277,4 +277,19 @@ class PrintUtil {
             }
             cout << "[" + s.str() + "]" << '\n';
         }
+
+        /**
+         * @brief Print a HashMap
+         *
+         * @tparam TKey
+         * @tparam TValue
+         * @param map
+         */
+        // 定义模板参数 TKey 和 TValue，用于指定键值对的类型
+        template <typename TKey, typename TValue>
+        static void printHashMap(unordered_map<TKey,TValue> map) {
+            for (auto kv : map) {
+                cout << kv.first << " -> " << kv.second << '\n';
+            }
+        }
 };

codes/go/chapter_hashing/array_hash_map.go

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+// File: array_hash_map.go
+// Created Time: 2022-12-14
+// Author: msk397 (machangxinq@gmail.com)
+
+package chapter_hashing
+
+import "fmt"
+
+// 键值对 int->String
+type Entry struct {
+	key int
+	val string
+}
+
+// 基于数组简易实现的哈希表
+type ArrayHashMap struct {
+	bucket []Entry
+}
+
+func newArrayHashMap() *ArrayHashMap {
+	// 初始化一个长度为 100 的桶（数组）
+	bucket := make([]Entry, 100)
+	return &ArrayHashMap{bucket: bucket}
+}
+
+// 哈希函数
+func (a *ArrayHashMap) hashFunc(key int) int {
+	index := key % 100
+	return index
+}
+
+// 查询操作
+func (a *ArrayHashMap) get(key int) string {
+	index := a.hashFunc(key)
+	pair := a.bucket[index]
+	if pair.key == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return pair.val
+}
+
+//  添加操作
+func (a *ArrayHashMap) put(key int, val string) {
+	pair := Entry{key: key, val: val}
+	index := a.hashFunc(key)
+	a.bucket[index] = pair
+}
+
+// 删除操作
+func (a *ArrayHashMap) remove(key int) {
+	index := a.hashFunc(key)
+	// 置为空字符，代表删除
+	a.bucket[index] = Entry{}
+}
+
+// 获取所有键对
+func (a *ArrayHashMap) entrySet() []Entry {
+	var pairs []Entry
+	for _, pair := range a.bucket {
+		if pair.key != 0 {
+			pairs = append(pairs, pair)
+		}
+	}
+	return pairs
+}
+
+// 获取所有键
+func (a *ArrayHashMap) keySet() []int {
+	var keys []int
+	for _, pair := range a.bucket {
+		if pair.key != 0 {
+			keys = append(keys, pair.key)
+		}
+	}
+	return keys
+}
+
+// 获取所有值
+func (a *ArrayHashMap) valueSet() []string {
+	var values []string
+	for _, pair := range a.bucket {
+		if pair.key != 0 {
+			values = append(values, pair.val)
+		}
+	}
+	return values
+}
+
+// 打印哈希表
+func (a *ArrayHashMap) print() {
+	for _, pair := range a.bucket {
+		if pair.key != 0 {
+			fmt.Println(pair.key, "->", pair.val)
+		}
+	}
+}

codes/go/chapter_hashing/array_hash_map_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+// File: array_hash_map_test.go
+// Created Time: 2022-12-14
+// Author: msk397 (machangxinq@gmail.com)
+
+package chapter_hashing
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestArrayHashMap(t *testing.T) {
+	/* 初始化哈希表 */
+	map1 := newArrayHashMap()
+
+	/* 添加操作 */
+	// 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
+	map1.put(12836, "小哈")
+	map1.put(15937, "小啰")
+	map1.put(16750, "小算")
+	map1.put(13276, "小法")
+	map1.put(10583, "小鸭")
+	fmt.Println("\n添加完成后，哈希表为\nKey -> Value")
+	map1.print()
+
+	/* 查询操作 */
+	// 向哈希表输入键 key ，得到值 value
+	name := map1.get(15937)
+	fmt.Println("\n输入学号 15937 ，查询到姓名 " + name)
+
+	/* 删除操作 */
+	// 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
+	map1.remove(10583)
+	fmt.Println("\n删除 10583 后，哈希表为\nKey -> Value")
+	map1.print()
+
+	/* 遍历哈希表 */
+	fmt.Println("\n遍历键值对 Key->Value")
+	for _, kv := range map1.entrySet() {
+		fmt.Println(kv.key, " -> ", kv.val)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println("\n单独遍历键 Key")
+	for _, key := range map1.keySet() {
+		fmt.Println(key)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println("\n单独遍历值 Value")
+	for _, val := range map1.valueSet() {
+		fmt.Println(val)
+	}
+}

codes/go/chapter_hashing/hash_map_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+// File: hash_map_test.go
+// Created Time: 2022-12-14
+// Author: msk397 (machangxinq@gmail.com)
+
+package chapter_hashing
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestHashmap(t *testing.T) {
+	// 初始化哈希表
+	Map := make(map[int]string)
+
+	// 添加操作
+	// 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
+	Map[12836] = "小哈"
+	Map[15937] = "小啰"
+	Map[16750] = "小算"
+	Map[13276] = "小法"
+	Map[10583] = "小鸭"
+	fmt.Println("\n添加完成后，哈希表为\nKey -> Value")
+	for key, value := range Map {
+		fmt.Printf("%d -> %s\n", key, value)
+	}
+
+	// 查询操作
+	// 向哈希表输入键 key ，得到值 value
+	name := Map[15937]
+	fmt.Println("\n输入学号 15937 ，查询到姓名 ", name)
+
+	// 删除操作
+	// 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
+	delete(Map, 10583)
+	fmt.Println("\n删除 10583 后，哈希表为\nKey -> Value")
+	for key, value := range Map {
+		fmt.Printf("%d -> %s\n", key, value)
+	}
+
+	/* 遍历哈希表 */
+	// 遍历键值对 key->value
+	fmt.Println("\n遍历键值对 Key->Value")
+	for key, value := range Map {
+		fmt.Println(key, "->", value)
+	}
+	// 单独遍历键 key
+	fmt.Println("\n单独遍历键 Key")
+	for key := range Map {
+		fmt.Println(key)
+	}
+	// 单独遍历值 value
+	fmt.Println("\n单独遍历值 Value")
+	for _, value := range Map {
+		fmt.Println(value)
+	}
+}

codes/java/chapter_hashing/array_hash_map.java

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class Entry {
 class ArrayHashMap {
     private List<Entry> bucket;
     public ArrayHashMap() {
-        // 初始化一个长度为 10 的桶（数组）
+        // 初始化一个长度为 100 的桶（数组）
         bucket = new ArrayList<>();
         for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
             bucket.add(null);

codes/python/chapter_hashing/array_hash_map.py

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+"""
+File: array_hash_map.py
+Created Time: 2022-12-14
+Author: msk397 (machangxinq@gmail.com)
+"""
+
+# 键值对 int->String
+class Entry:
+    def __init__(self, key, val):
+        self.key = key
+        self.val = val
+
+
+# 基于数组简易实现的哈希表
+class ArrayHashMap:
+    def __init__(self):
+        # 初始化一个长度为 100 的桶（数组）
+        self.bucket = [None] * 100
+
+    # 哈希函数
+    def hashFunc(self, key):
+        index = key % 100
+        return index
+
+    # 查询操作
+    def get(self, key):
+        index = self.hashFunc(key)
+        pair = self.bucket[index]
+        if pair is None:
+            return None
+        return pair.val
+
+    # 添加操作
+    def put(self, key, val):
+        pair = Entry(key, val)
+        index = self.hashFunc(key)
+        self.bucket[index] = pair
+
+    # 删除操作
+    def remove(self, key):
+        index = self.hashFunc(key)
+        # 置为空字符，代表删除
+        self.bucket[index] = None
+
+    # 获取所有键值对
+    def entrySet(self):
+        result = []
+        for pair in self.bucket:
+            if pair is not None:
+                result.append(pair)
+        return result
+
+    # 获取所有键
+    def keySet(self):
+        result = []
+        for pair in self.bucket:
+            if pair is not None:
+                result.append(pair.key)
+        return result
+
+    # 获取所有值
+    def valueSet(self):
+        result = []
+        for pair in self.bucket:
+            if pair is not None:
+                result.append(pair.val)
+        return result
+
+    # 打印哈希表
+    def print(self):
+        for pair in self.bucket:
+            if pair is not None:
+                print(pair.key, "->", pair.val)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    """ 初始化哈希表 """
+    Map = ArrayHashMap()
+
+    """ 添加操作 """
+    # 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
+    Map.put(12836, "小哈")
+    Map.put(15937, "小啰")
+    Map.put(16750, "小算")
+    Map.put(13276, "小法")
+    Map.put(10583, "小鸭")
+    print("\n添加完成后，哈希表为\nKey -> Value")
+    Map.print()
+
+    """ 查询操作 """
+    # 向哈希表输入键 key ，得到值 value
+    name = Map.get(15937)
+    print("\n输入学号 15937 ，查询到姓名 " + name)
+
+    """ 删除操作 """
+    # 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
+    Map.remove(10583)
+    print("\n删除 10583 后，哈希表为\nKey -> Value")
+    Map.print()
+
+    """ 遍历哈希表 """
+    print("\n遍历键值对 Key->Value")
+    for pair in Map.entrySet():
+        print(pair.key, "->", pair.val)
+
+    print("\n单独遍历键 Key")
+    for key in Map.keySet():
+        print(key)
+
+    print("\n单独遍历值 Value")
+    for val in Map.valueSet():
+        print(val)

codes/python/chapter_hashing/hash_map.py

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+"""
+File: hash_map.py
+Created Time: 2022-12-14
+Author: msk397 (machangxinq@gmail.com)
+"""
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    """ 初始化哈希表 """
+    Map = {}
+
+    """ 添加操作 """
+    # 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
+    Map[12836] = "小哈"
+    Map[15937] = "小啰"
+    Map[16750] = "小算"
+    Map[13276] = "小法"
+    Map[10583] = "小鸭"
+    print("\n添加完成后，哈希表为\nKey -> Value")
+    for key, value in Map.items():
+        print(key, "->", value)
+
+    """ 查询操作 """
+    # 向哈希表输入键 key ，得到值 value
+    name = Map[15937]
+    print("\n输入学号 15937 ，查询到姓名 " + name)
+
+    """ 删除操作 """
+    # 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
+    Map.pop(10583)
+    print("\n删除 10583 后，哈希表为\nKey -> Value")
+    for key, value in Map.items():
+        print(key, "->", value)
+
+    """ 遍历哈希表 """
+    print("\n遍历键值对 Key->Value")
+    for key, value in Map.items():
+        print(key, "->", value)
+
+    print("\n单独遍历键 Key")
+    for key in Map.keys():
+        print(key)
+
+    print("\n单独遍历值 Value")
+    for val in Map.values():
+        print(val)
+

docs/chapter_hashing/hash_map.md

@@ -63,19 +63,70 @@ comments: true
 === "C++"
 
     ```cpp title="hash_map.cpp"
+    /* 初始化哈希表 */
+    unordered_map<int, string> map;
 
+    /* 添加操作 */
+    // 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
+    map[12836] = "小哈";
+    map[15937] = "小啰";
+    map[16750] = "小算";
+    map[13276] = "小法";
+    map[10583] = "小鸭";
+
+    /* 查询操作 */
+    // 向哈希表输入键 key ，得到值 value
+    string name = map[15937];
+
+    /* 删除操作 */
+    // 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
+    map.erase(10583);
     ```
 
 === "Python"
 
     ```python title="hash_map.py"
+    # 初始化哈希表
+    Map = {}
 
+    # 添加操作
+    # 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
+    Map[12836] = "小哈"
+    Map[15937] = "小啰"
+    Map[16750] = "小算"
+    Map[13276] = "小法"
+    Map[10583] = "小鸭"
+
+    # 查询操作
+    # 向哈希表输入键 key ，得到值 value
+    name = Map[15937]
+
+    # 删除操作
+    # 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
+    Map.pop(10583)
     ```
 
 === "Go"
 
-    ```go title="hash_map.go"
+    ```go title="hash_map_test.go"
+	// 初始化哈希表
+	Map := make(map[int]string)
 
+	// 添加操作
+	// 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
+	Map[12836] = "小哈"
+	Map[15937] = "小啰"
+	Map[16750] = "小算"
+	Map[13276] = "小法"
+	Map[10583] = "小鸭"
+
+	// 查询操作
+	// 向哈希表输入键 key ，得到值 value
+	name := Map[15937]
+
+	// 删除操作
+	// 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
+	delete(Map, 10583)
     ```
 
 === "JavaScript"
@@ -125,19 +176,52 @@ comments: true
 === "C++"
 
     ```cpp title="hash_map.cpp"
-
+    /* 遍历哈希表 */
+    // 遍历键值对 key->value
+    for (auto kv: map) {
+        cout << kv.first << " -> " << kv.second << endl;
+    }
+    // 单独遍历键 key
+    for (auto key: map) {
+        cout << key.first << endl;
+    }
+    // 单独遍历值 value
+    for (auto val: map) {
+        cout << val.second << endl;
+    }
     ```
 
 === "Python"
 
     ```python title="hash_map.py"
-
+    """ 遍历哈希表 """
+    # 遍历键值对 key->value
+    for key, value in Map.items():
+        print(key, "->", value)
+    # 单独遍历键 key
+    for key in Map.keys():
+        print(key)
+    # 单独遍历值 value
+    for value in Map.values():
+        print(value)
     ```
 
 === "Go"
 
-    ```go title="hash_map.go"
-
+    ```go title="hash_map_test.go"
+    /* 遍历哈希表 */
+    // 遍历键值对 key->value
+    for key, value := range Map {
+        fmt.Println(key, "->", value)
+    }
+    // 单独遍历键 key
+    for key := range Map {
+        fmt.Println(key)
+    }
+    // 单独遍历值 value
+    for _, value := range Map {
+        fmt.Println(value)
+    }
     ```
 
 === "JavaScript"
@@ -242,19 +326,150 @@ $$
 === "C++"
 
     ```cpp title="array_hash_map.cpp"
+    /* 键值对 int->String */
+    struct Entry {
+    public:
+        int key;
+        string val;
+        Entry(int key, string val) {
+            this->key = key;
+            this->val = val;
+        }
+        Entry(){
+            this->key = -1;
+            this->val = "";
+        }
+    };
 
+    /* 基于数组简易实现的哈希表 */
+    class ArrayHashMap {
+    private:
+        vector<Entry> bucket;
+    public:
+        ArrayHashMap() {
+            // 初始化一个长度为 100 的桶（数组）
+            bucket= vector<Entry>(100);
+        }
+
+        /* 哈希函数 */
+        int hashFunc(int key) {
+            int index = key % 100;
+            return index;
+        }
+
+        /* 查询操作 */
+        string get(int key) {
+            int index = hashFunc(key);
+            Entry pair = bucket[index];
+            return pair.val;
+        }
+
+        /* 添加操作 */
+        void put(int key, string val) {
+            Entry pair = Entry(key, val);
+            int index = hashFunc(key);
+            bucket[index] = pair;
+        }
+
+        /* 删除操作 */
+        void remove(int key) {
+            int index = hashFunc(key);
+            // 置为空，代表删除
+            bucket[index] = *new Entry();
+        }
+    };
     ```
 
 === "Python"
 
     ```python title="array_hash_map.py"
-
+    # 键值对 int->String
+    class Entry:
+        def __init__(self, key, val):
+            self.key = key
+            self.val = val
+    
+    # 基于数组简易实现的哈希表
+    class ArrayHashMap:
+        def __init__(self):
+            # 初始化一个长度为 100 的桶（数组）
+            self.bucket = [None] * 100
+    
+        # 哈希函数
+        def hashFunc(self, key):
+            index = key % 100
+            return index
+    
+        # 查询操作
+        def get(self, key):
+            index = self.hashFunc(key)
+            pair = self.bucket[index]
+            if pair is None:
+                return None
+            return pair.val
+    
+        # 添加操作
+        def put(self, key, val):
+            pair = Entry(key, val)
+            index = self.hashFunc(key)
+            self.bucket[index] = pair
+    
+        # 删除操作
+        def remove(self, key):
+            index = self.hashFunc(key)
+            # 置为空字符，代表删除
+            self.bucket[index] = None
     ```
 
 === "Go"
 
     ```go title="array_hash_map.go"
+    // 键值对 int->String
+    type Entry struct {
+        key int
+        val string
+    }
 
+    // 基于数组简易实现的哈希表
+    type ArrayHashMap struct {
+        bucket []Entry
+    }
+
+    func newArrayHashMap() *ArrayHashMap {
+        // 初始化一个长度为 100 的桶（数组）
+        bucket := make([]Entry, 100)
+        return &ArrayHashMap{bucket: bucket}
+    }
+
+    // 哈希函数
+    func (a *ArrayHashMap) hashFunc(key int) int {
+        index := key % 100
+        return index
+    }
+
+    // 查询操作
+    func (a *ArrayHashMap) get(key int) string {
+        index := a.hashFunc(key)
+        pair := a.bucket[index]
+        if pair.key == 0 {
+            return ""
+        }
+        return pair.val
+    }
+
+    //  添加操作
+    func (a *ArrayHashMap) put(key int, val string) {
+        pair := Entry{key: key, val: val}
+        index := a.hashFunc(key)
+        a.bucket[index] = pair
+    }
+
+    // 删除操作
+    func (a *ArrayHashMap) remove(key int) {
+        index := a.hashFunc(key)
+        // 置为空字符，代表删除
+        a.bucket[index] = Entry{}
+    }
     ```
 
 === "JavaScript"