mirror of
https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
synced 2024-12-24 10:16:28 +08:00
feat: add ruby code - chapter graph (#1303)
This commit is contained in:
parent
69cb171dd8
commit
9e7fbf249f
6 changed files with 378 additions and 0 deletions
116
codes/ruby/chapter_graph/graph_adjacency_list.rb
Normal file
116
codes/ruby/chapter_graph/graph_adjacency_list.rb
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
|
|||
=begin
|
||||
File: graph_adjacency_list.rb
|
||||
Created Time: 2024-04-25
|
||||
Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
|
||||
=end
|
||||
|
||||
require_relative '../utils/vertex'
|
||||
|
||||
### 基于邻接表实现的无向图类 ###
|
||||
class GraphAdjList
|
||||
attr_reader :adj_list
|
||||
|
||||
### 构造方法 ###
|
||||
def initialize(edges)
|
||||
# 邻接表,key:顶点,value:该顶点的所有邻接顶点
|
||||
@adj_list = {}
|
||||
# 添加所有顶点和边
|
||||
for edge in edges
|
||||
add_vertex(edge[0])
|
||||
add_vertex(edge[1])
|
||||
add_edge(edge[0], edge[1])
|
||||
end
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 获取顶点数量 ###
|
||||
def size
|
||||
@adj_list.length
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 添加边 ###
|
||||
def add_edge(vet1, vet2)
|
||||
raise ArgumentError if !@adj_list.include?(vet1) || !@adj_list.include?(vet2)
|
||||
|
||||
@adj_list[vet1] << vet2
|
||||
@adj_list[vet2] << vet1
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 删除边 ###
|
||||
def remove_edge(vet1, vet2)
|
||||
raise ArgumentError if !@adj_list.include?(vet1) || !@adj_list.include?(vet2)
|
||||
|
||||
# 删除边 vet1 - vet2
|
||||
@adj_list[vet1].delete(vet2)
|
||||
@adj_list[vet2].delete(vet1)
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 添加顶点 ###
|
||||
def add_vertex(vet)
|
||||
return if @adj_list.include?(vet)
|
||||
|
||||
# 在邻接表中添加一个新链表
|
||||
@adj_list[vet] = []
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 删除顶点 ###
|
||||
def remove_vertex(vet)
|
||||
raise ArgumentError unless @adj_list.include?(vet)
|
||||
|
||||
# 在邻接表中删除顶点 vet 对应的链表
|
||||
@adj_list.delete(vet)
|
||||
# 遍历其他顶点的链表,删除所有包含 vet 的边
|
||||
for vertex in @adj_list
|
||||
@adj_list[vertex.first].delete(vet) if @adj_list[vertex.first].include?(vet)
|
||||
end
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 打印邻接表 ###
|
||||
def __print__
|
||||
puts '邻接表 ='
|
||||
for vertex in @adj_list
|
||||
tmp = @adj_list[vertex.first].map { |v| v.val }
|
||||
puts "#{vertex.first.val}: #{tmp},"
|
||||
end
|
||||
end
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### Driver Code ###
|
||||
if __FILE__ == $0
|
||||
# 初始化无向图
|
||||
v = vals_to_vets([1, 3, 2, 5, 4])
|
||||
edges = [
|
||||
[v[0], v[1]],
|
||||
[v[0], v[3]],
|
||||
[v[1], v[2]],
|
||||
[v[2], v[3]],
|
||||
[v[2], v[4]],
|
||||
[v[3], v[4]],
|
||||
]
|
||||
graph = GraphAdjList.new(edges)
|
||||
puts "\n初始化后,图为"
|
||||
graph.__print__
|
||||
|
||||
# 添加边
|
||||
# 顶点 1,2 即 v[0],v[2]
|
||||
graph.add_edge(v[0], v[2])
|
||||
puts "\n添加边 1-2 后,图为"
|
||||
graph.__print__
|
||||
|
||||
# 删除边
|
||||
# 顶点 1,3 即 v[0],v[1]
|
||||
graph.remove_edge(v[0], v[1])
|
||||
puts "\n删除边 1-3 后,图为"
|
||||
graph.__print__
|
||||
|
||||
# 添加顶点
|
||||
v5 = Vertex.new(6)
|
||||
graph.add_vertex(v5)
|
||||
puts "\n添加顶点 6 后,图为"
|
||||
graph.__print__
|
||||
|
||||
# 删除顶点
|
||||
# 顶点 3 即 v[1]
|
||||
graph.remove_vertex(v[1])
|
||||
puts "\n删除顶点 3 后,图为"
|
||||
graph.__print__
|
||||
end
|
116
codes/ruby/chapter_graph/graph_adjacency_matrix.rb
Normal file
116
codes/ruby/chapter_graph/graph_adjacency_matrix.rb
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
|
|||
=begin
|
||||
File: graph_adjacency_matrix.rb
|
||||
Created Time: 2024-04-25
|
||||
Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
|
||||
=end
|
||||
|
||||
require_relative '../utils/print_util'
|
||||
|
||||
### 基于邻接矩阵实现的无向图类 ###
|
||||
class GraphAdjMat
|
||||
def initialize(vertices, edges)
|
||||
### 构造方法 ###
|
||||
# 顶点列表,元素代表“顶点值”,索引代表“顶点索引”
|
||||
@vertices = []
|
||||
# 邻接矩阵,行列索引对应“顶点索引”
|
||||
@adj_mat = []
|
||||
# 添加顶点
|
||||
vertices.each { |val| add_vertex(val) }
|
||||
# 添加边
|
||||
# 请注意,edges 元素代表顶点索引,即对应 vertices 元素索引
|
||||
edges.each { |e| add_edge(e[0], e[1]) }
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 获取顶点数量 ###
|
||||
def size
|
||||
@vertices.length
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 添加顶点 ###
|
||||
def add_vertex(val)
|
||||
n = size
|
||||
# 向顶点列表中添加新顶点的值
|
||||
@vertices << val
|
||||
# 在邻接矩阵中添加一行
|
||||
new_row = Array.new(n, 0)
|
||||
@adj_mat << new_row
|
||||
# 在邻接矩阵中添加一列
|
||||
@adj_mat.each { |row| row << 0 }
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 删除顶点 ###
|
||||
def remove_vertex(index)
|
||||
raise IndexError if index >= size
|
||||
|
||||
# 在顶点列表中移除索引 index 的顶点
|
||||
@vertices.delete_at(index)
|
||||
# 在邻接矩阵中删除索引 index 的行
|
||||
@adj_mat.delete_at(index)
|
||||
# 在邻接矩阵中删除索引 index 的列
|
||||
@adj_mat.each { |row| row.delete_at(index) }
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 添加边 ###
|
||||
def add_edge(i, j)
|
||||
# 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引
|
||||
# 索引越界与相等处理
|
||||
if i < 0 || j < 0 || i >= size || j >= size || i == j
|
||||
raise IndexError
|
||||
end
|
||||
# 在无向图中,邻接矩阵关于主对角线对称,即满足 (i, j) == (j, i)
|
||||
@adj_mat[i][j] = 1
|
||||
@adj_mat[j][i] = 1
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 删除边 ###
|
||||
def remove_edge(i, j)
|
||||
# 参数 i, j 对应 vertices 元素索引
|
||||
# 索引越界与相等处理
|
||||
if i < 0 || j < 0 || i >= size || j >= size || i == j
|
||||
raise IndexError
|
||||
end
|
||||
@adj_mat[i][j] = 0
|
||||
@adj_mat[j][i] = 0
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 打印邻接矩阵 ###
|
||||
def __print__
|
||||
puts "顶点列表 = #{@vertices}"
|
||||
puts '邻接矩阵 ='
|
||||
print_matrix(@adj_mat)
|
||||
end
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### Driver Code ###
|
||||
if __FILE__ == $0
|
||||
# 初始化无向图
|
||||
# 请注意,edges 元素代表顶点索引,即对应 vertices 元素索引
|
||||
vertices = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4]
|
||||
edges = [[0, 1], [0, 3], [1, 2], [2, 3], [2, 4], [3, 4]]
|
||||
graph = GraphAdjMat.new(vertices, edges)
|
||||
puts "\n初始化后,图为"
|
||||
graph.__print__
|
||||
|
||||
# 添加边
|
||||
# 顶点 1, 2 的索引分别为 0, 2
|
||||
graph.add_edge(0, 2)
|
||||
puts "\n添加边 1-2 后,图为"
|
||||
graph.__print__
|
||||
|
||||
# 删除边
|
||||
# 定点 1, 3 的索引分别为 0, 1
|
||||
graph.remove_edge(0, 1)
|
||||
puts "\n删除边 1-3 后,图为"
|
||||
graph.__print__
|
||||
|
||||
# 添加顶点
|
||||
graph.add_vertex(6)
|
||||
puts "\n添加顶点 6 后,图为"
|
||||
graph.__print__
|
||||
|
||||
# 删除顶点
|
||||
# 顶点 3 的索引为 1
|
||||
graph.remove_vertex(1)
|
||||
puts "\n删除顶点 3 后,图为"
|
||||
graph.__print__
|
||||
end
|
61
codes/ruby/chapter_graph/graph_bfs.rb
Normal file
61
codes/ruby/chapter_graph/graph_bfs.rb
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
|
|||
=begin
|
||||
File: graph_bfs.rb
|
||||
Created Time: 2024-04-25
|
||||
Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
|
||||
=end
|
||||
|
||||
require 'set'
|
||||
require_relative './graph_adjacency_list'
|
||||
require_relative '../utils/vertex'
|
||||
|
||||
### 广度优先遍历 ###
|
||||
def graph_bfs(graph, start_vet)
|
||||
# 使用邻接表来表示图,以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点
|
||||
# 顶点遍历序列
|
||||
res = []
|
||||
# 哈希表,用于记录已被访问过的顶点
|
||||
visited = Set.new([start_vet])
|
||||
# 队列用于实现 BFS
|
||||
que = [start_vet]
|
||||
# 以顶点 vet 为起点,循环直至访问完所有顶点
|
||||
while que.length > 0
|
||||
vet = que.shift # 队首顶点出队
|
||||
res << vet # 记录访问顶点
|
||||
# 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点
|
||||
for adj_vet in graph.adj_list[vet]
|
||||
next if visited.include?(adj_vet) # 跳过已被访问的顶点
|
||||
que << adj_vet # 只入队未访问的顶点
|
||||
visited.add(adj_vet) # 标记该顶点已被访问
|
||||
end
|
||||
end
|
||||
# 返回顶点遍历序列
|
||||
res
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### Driver Code ###
|
||||
if __FILE__ == $0
|
||||
# 初始化无向图
|
||||
v = vals_to_vets([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])
|
||||
edges = [
|
||||
[v[0], v[1]],
|
||||
[v[0], v[3]],
|
||||
[v[1], v[2]],
|
||||
[v[1], v[4]],
|
||||
[v[2], v[5]],
|
||||
[v[3], v[4]],
|
||||
[v[3], v[6]],
|
||||
[v[4], v[5]],
|
||||
[v[4], v[7]],
|
||||
[v[5], v[8]],
|
||||
[v[6], v[7]],
|
||||
[v[7], v[8]],
|
||||
]
|
||||
graph = GraphAdjList.new(edges)
|
||||
puts "\n初始化后,图为"
|
||||
graph.__print__
|
||||
|
||||
# 广度优先遍历
|
||||
res = graph_bfs(graph, v.first)
|
||||
puts "\n广度优先便利(BFS)顶点序列为"
|
||||
p vets_to_vals(res)
|
||||
end
|
54
codes/ruby/chapter_graph/graph_dfs.rb
Normal file
54
codes/ruby/chapter_graph/graph_dfs.rb
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
|
|||
=begin
|
||||
File: graph_dfs.rb
|
||||
Created Time: 2024-04-25
|
||||
Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
|
||||
=end
|
||||
|
||||
require 'set'
|
||||
require_relative './graph_adjacency_list'
|
||||
require_relative '../utils/vertex'
|
||||
|
||||
### 深度优先遍历辅助函数 ###
|
||||
def dfs(graph, visited, res, vet)
|
||||
res << vet # 记录访问顶点
|
||||
visited.add(vet) # 标记该顶点已被访问
|
||||
# 遍历该顶点的所有邻接顶点
|
||||
for adj_vet in graph.adj_list[vet]
|
||||
next if visited.include?(adj_vet) # 跳过已被访问的顶点
|
||||
# 递归访问邻接顶点
|
||||
dfs(graph, visited, res, adj_vet)
|
||||
end
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 深度优先遍历 ###
|
||||
def graph_dfs(graph, start_vet)
|
||||
# 使用邻接表来表示图,以便获取指定顶点的所有邻接顶点
|
||||
# 顶点遍历序列
|
||||
res = []
|
||||
# 哈希表,用于记录已被访问过的顶点
|
||||
visited = Set.new
|
||||
dfs(graph, visited, res, start_vet)
|
||||
res
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### Driver Code ###
|
||||
if __FILE__ == $0
|
||||
# 初始化无向图
|
||||
v = vals_to_vets([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
|
||||
edges = [
|
||||
[v[0], v[1]],
|
||||
[v[0], v[3]],
|
||||
[v[1], v[2]],
|
||||
[v[2], v[5]],
|
||||
[v[4], v[5]],
|
||||
[v[5], v[6]],
|
||||
]
|
||||
graph = GraphAdjList.new(edges)
|
||||
puts "\n初始化后,图为"
|
||||
graph.__print__
|
||||
|
||||
# 深度优先遍历
|
||||
res = graph_dfs(graph, v[0])
|
||||
puts "\n深度优先遍历(DFS)顶点序列为"
|
||||
p vets_to_vals(res)
|
||||
end
|
|
@ -4,6 +4,13 @@ Created Time: 2024-03-18
|
|||
Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
|
||||
=end
|
||||
|
||||
### 打印矩阵 ###
|
||||
def print_matrix(mat)
|
||||
s = []
|
||||
mat.each { |arr| s << " #{arr.to_s}" }
|
||||
puts "[\n#{s.join(",\n")}\n]"
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 打印链表 ###
|
||||
def print_linked_list(head)
|
||||
list = []
|
||||
|
|
24
codes/ruby/utils/vertex.rb
Normal file
24
codes/ruby/utils/vertex.rb
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
|
|||
=begin
|
||||
File: vertex.rb
|
||||
Created Time: 2024-04-25
|
||||
Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
|
||||
=end
|
||||
|
||||
### 顶点类 ###
|
||||
class Vertex
|
||||
attr_accessor :val
|
||||
|
||||
def initialize(val)
|
||||
@val = val
|
||||
end
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 输入值列表 vals ,返回顶点列表 vets ###
|
||||
def vals_to_vets(vals)
|
||||
Array.new(vals.length) { |i| Vertex.new(vals[i]) }
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
### 输入顶点列表 vets, 返回值列表 vals ###
|
||||
def vets_to_vals(vets)
|
||||
Array.new(vets.length) { |i| vets[i].val }
|
||||
end
|
Loading…
Reference in a new issue