/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nvoid insert(int[] nums, int num, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int i = nums.length - 1; i > index; i--) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n
array.cpp
/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nvoid insert(int *nums, int size, int num, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int i = size - 1; i > index; i--) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n
array.py
def insert(nums: list[int], num: int, index: int) -> None:\n\"\"\"\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num\"\"\"\n# \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor i in range(len(nums) - 1, index, -1):\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1]\n# \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num\n
array.go
/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nfunc insert(nums []int, num int, index int) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor i := len(nums) - 1; i > index; i-- {\nnums[i] = nums[i-1]\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num\n}\n
array.js
/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nfunction insert(nums, num, index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (let i = nums.length - 1; i > index; i--) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n
array.ts
/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nfunction insert(nums: number[], num: number, index: number): void {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (let i = nums.length - 1; i > index; i--) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n
array.c
/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nvoid insert(int *nums, int size, int num, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int i = size - 1; i > index; i--) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n
array.cs
/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nvoid insert(int[] nums, int num, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int i = nums.Length - 1; i > index; i--) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n
array.swift
/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nfunc insert(nums: inout [Int], num: Int, index: Int) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor i in sequence(first: nums.count - 1, next: { $0 > index + 1 ? $0 - 1 : nil }) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1]\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num\n}\n
array.zig
// \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num\nfn insert(nums: []i32, num: i32, index: usize) void {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nvar i = nums.len - 1;\nwhile (i > index) : (i -= 1) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n
array.dart
/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nvoid insert(List nums, int num, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (var i = nums.length - 1; i > index; i--) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n
/* \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20 */\nvoid remove(int[] nums, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int i = index; i < nums.length - 1; i++) {\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1];\n}\n}\n
array.cpp
/* \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20 */\nvoid remove(int *nums, int size, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int i = index; i < size - 1; i++) {\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1];\n}\n}\n
array.py
def remove(nums: list[int], index: int) -> None:\n\"\"\"\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\"\"\"\n# \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor i in range(index, len(nums) - 1):\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1]\n
array.go
/* \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc remove(nums []int, index int) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor i := index; i < len(nums)-1; i++ {\nnums[i] = nums[i+1]\n}\n}\n
array.js
/* \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunction remove(nums, index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (let i = index; i < nums.length - 1; i++) {\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1];\n}\n}\n
array.ts
/* \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunction remove(nums: number[], index: number): void {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (let i = index; i < nums.length - 1; i++) {\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1];\n}\n}\n
array.c
/* \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20 */\n// \u6ce8\u610f\uff1astdio.h \u5360\u7528\u4e86 remove \u5173\u952e\u8bcd\nvoid removeItem(int *nums, int size, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int i = index; i < size - 1; i++) {\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1];\n}\n}\n
array.cs
/* \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20 */\nvoid remove(int[] nums, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int i = index; i < nums.Length - 1; i++) {\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1];\n}\n}\n
/* \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4 */\nvoid traverse(int[] nums) {\nint count = 0;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int num : nums) {\ncount++;\n}\n}\n
array.cpp
/* \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4 */\nvoid traverse(int *nums, int size) {\nint count = 0;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n}\n
array.py
def traverse(nums: list[int]) -> None:\n\"\"\"\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\"\"\"\ncount = 0\n# \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor i in range(len(nums)):\ncount += 1\n# \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor num in nums:\ncount += 1\n# \u540c\u65f6\u904d\u5386\u6570\u636e\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u5143\u7d20\nfor i, num in enumerate(nums):\ncount += 1\n
array.go
/* \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4 */\nfunc traverse(nums []int) {\ncount := 0\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor i := 0; i < len(nums); i++ {\ncount++\n}\ncount = 0\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor range nums {\ncount++\n}\n}\n
array.js
/* \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4 */\nfunction traverse(nums) {\nlet count = 0;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (let i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (let num of nums) {\ncount += 1;\n}\n}\n
array.ts
/* \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4 */\nfunction traverse(nums: number[]): void {\nlet count = 0;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (let i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (let num of nums) {\ncount += 1;\n}\n}\n
array.c
/* \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4 */\nvoid traverse(int *nums, int size) {\nint count = 0;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n}\n
array.cs
/* \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4 */\nvoid traverse(int[] nums) {\nint count = 0;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int i = 0; i < nums.Length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nforeach (int num in nums) {\ncount++;\n}\n}\n
class ListNode:\n\"\"\"\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self, val: int):\nself.val: int = val # \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nself.next: Optional[ListNode] = None # \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff08\u5f15\u7528\uff09\n
\u5728\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u6574\u4f53\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6570\u7ec4 nums \uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5404\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 nums[0] , nums[1] \u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u800c\u94fe\u8868\u662f\u7531\u591a\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u5c06\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u5f53\u4f5c\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u4ee3\u79f0\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5934\u8282\u70b9 head \u548c\u94fe\u8868 head \u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u540c\u4e49\u7684\u3002
\u94fe\u8868\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5efa\u7acb\u94fe\u8868\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u6b65\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5934\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff09\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u9488 next \u4f9d\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u3002
\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 A , B \u4e4b\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u8282\u70b9 P \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \uff1b\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u8981\u4f4e\u5f97\u591a\u3002
\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u6539\u53d8\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u8282\u70b9 P \u4ecd\u7136\u6307\u5411 n1 \uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a P \u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u518d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6b64\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u904d\u5386\u6b64\u94fe\u8868\u65f6\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230 P \u3002
\u94fe\u8868\u8bbf\u95ee\u8282\u70b9\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u5982\u4e0a\u8282\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u4e0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u4efb\u610f\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u4efb\u610f\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u9010\u4e2a\u5411\u540e\u904d\u5386\u76f4\u81f3\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u94fe\u8868\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a index\uff08\u5373\u7b2c index + 1 \u4e2a\uff09\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5411\u540e\u904d\u5386 index \u8f6e\u3002
/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nint count = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0;\nfor (int n : list) {\ncount++;\n}\n
list.cpp
/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nint count = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0;\nfor (int n : list) {\ncount++;\n}\n
list.py
# \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\ncount = 0\nfor i in range(len(list)):\ncount += 1\n# \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\ncount = 0\nfor n in list:\ncount += 1\n
list_test.go
/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\ncount := 0\nfor i := 0; i < len(list); i++ {\ncount++\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0\nfor range list {\ncount++\n}\n
list.js
/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nlet count = 0;\nfor (let i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0;\nfor (const n of list) {\ncount++;\n}\n
list.ts
/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nlet count = 0;\nfor (let i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0;\nfor (const n of list) {\ncount++;\n}\n
list.c
// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\n
list.cs
/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nint count = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i < list.Count(); i++)\n{\ncount++;\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0;\nforeach (int n in list)\n{\ncount++;\n}\n
list.swift
/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nvar count = 0\nfor _ in list.indices {\ncount += 1\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0\nfor _ in list {\ncount += 1\n}\n
\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539 P.next \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002\u4ece\u8be5\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u4ece\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5230\u5c3e\u7ed3\u70b9\u5df2\u7ecf\u9047\u4e0d\u5230 P \u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7ed3\u70b9 P \u5df2\u7ecf\u4ece\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u4e86\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u7ed3\u70b9 P \u6307\u5411\u54ea\u91cc\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8fd9\u6761\u94fe\u8868\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u3002
\u4ece\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e Java, Python, Go \u7b49\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u52a8\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8282\u70b9 P \u662f\u5426\u88ab\u56de\u6536\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4ecd\u5b58\u5728\u6307\u5411\u5b83\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f P.next \u7684\u503c\u3002\u5728 C, C++ \u7b49\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u8282\u70b9\u5185\u5b58\u3002
\u89e3\u9898\u601d\u8def\uff1a\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u8fd9\u9897\u6811\uff0c\u5e76\u5224\u65ad\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u662f\u5426\u4e3a \\(7\\) \uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u5219\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868 res \u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002
\u8bbe state \u4e3a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\uff0cchoices \u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4ee3\u7801\u3002
\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b64\u6846\u67b6\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09\u3002\u5728\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09\u4e2d\uff0c\u72b6\u6001 state \u662f\u8282\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u9009\u62e9 choices \u662f\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c res \u662f\u8def\u5f84\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002
\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8e\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u867d\u7136\u663e\u5f97\u5570\u55e6\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u7528\u6027\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u56de\u6eaf\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49 state \u548c choices \uff0c\u5e76\u5b9e\u73b0\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
\u4ece\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u5019\u9009\u96c6\u5408 choices \u662f\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u72b6\u6001 state \u662f\u76f4\u81f3\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u904d\u5386\u9009\u62e9\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u6392\u9664\u5df2\u7ecf\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002
\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c55\u5f00\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u6811\uff0c\u6811\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4ee3\u8868\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001 state \u3002\u4ece\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e09\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\u540e\u5230\u8fbe\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u6392\u5217\u3002
\u526a\u679d\u6761\u4ef6\u4e00\uff1a\u6574\u4e2a\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a selected \u3002\u5b83\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u54ea\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u907f\u514d\u67d0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5728 state \u4e2d\u91cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0\u3002
\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u7b97\u6cd5 A \u548c\u7b97\u6cd5 B\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u540c\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u627e\u4e00\u53f0\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u76d1\u63a7\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u5f0f\u80fd\u591f\u53cd\u6620\u771f\u5b9e\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u8f83\u5927\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002
\u96be\u4ee5\u6392\u9664\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5e72\u6270\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u786c\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u53f0\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u6bd4\u7b97\u6cd5 B \u77ed\uff1b\u4f46\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u53f0\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u3002
\u5c55\u5f00\u5b8c\u6574\u6d4b\u8bd5\u975e\u5e38\u8017\u8d39\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u968f\u7740\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f1a\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8f83\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u77ed\u4e8e\u7b97\u6cd5 B\uff1b\u800c\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8f83\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u76f8\u53cd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f97\u5230\u6709\u8bf4\u670d\u529b\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5404\u79cd\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u9700\u8981\u5360\u7528\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u3002
\u201c\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\u201d\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u201c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u4e3a\u300c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 Time Complexity\u300d\u548c\u300c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 Space Complexity\u300d\uff1b
\u300c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 Space Complexity\u300d\u7528\u4e8e\u8861\u91cf\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u968f\u7740\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u53d8\u5927\u65f6\u7684\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u975e\u5e38\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002
\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u8f83\u4e3a\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u52a0\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e09\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5 A , B , C \u3002
\u7b97\u6cd5 A \u53ea\u6709 \\(1\\) \u4e2a\u6253\u5370\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u968f\u7740 \\(n\\) \u589e\u5927\u800c\u589e\u957f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u6b64\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a\u300c\u5e38\u6570\u9636\u300d\u3002
\u7b97\u6cd5 B \u4e2d\u7684\u6253\u5370\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u5faa\u73af \\(n\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u968f\u7740 \\(n\\) \u589e\u5927\u5448\u7ebf\u6027\u589e\u957f\u3002\u6b64\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\u300d\u3002
\u7b97\u6cd5 C \u4e2d\u7684\u6253\u5370\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u5faa\u73af \\(1000000\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u4ecd\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u65e0\u5173\u3002\u56e0\u6b64 C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u548c A \u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4ecd\u4e3a\u300c\u5e38\u6570\u9636\u300d\u3002
// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_A(int n) {\nSystem.out.println(0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nvoid algorithm_B(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {\nSystem.out.println(0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_C(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {\nSystem.out.println(0);\n}\n}\n
// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_A(int n) {\ncout << 0 << endl;\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nvoid algorithm_B(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {\ncout << 0 << endl;\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_C(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {\ncout << 0 << endl;\n}\n}\n
# \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\ndef algorithm_A(n: int) -> None:\nprint(0)\n# \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\ndef algorithm_B(n: int) -> None:\nfor _ in range(n):\nprint(0)\n# \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\ndef algorithm_C(n: int) -> None:\nfor _ in range(1000000):\nprint(0)\n
// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunc algorithm_A(n int) {\nfmt.Println(0)\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nfunc algorithm_B(n int) {\nfor i := 0; i < n; i++ {\nfmt.Println(0)\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunc algorithm_C(n int) {\nfor i := 0; i < 1000000; i++ {\nfmt.Println(0)\n}\n}\n
// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunction algorithm_A(n) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nfunction algorithm_B(n) {\nfor (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunction algorithm_C(n) {\nfor (let i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n}\n
// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunction algorithm_A(n: number): void {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nfunction algorithm_B(n: number): void {\nfor (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunction algorithm_C(n: number): void {\nfor (let i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n}\n
// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_A(int n) {\nprintf(\"%d\", 0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nvoid algorithm_B(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {\nprintf(\"%d\", 0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_C(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {\nprintf(\"%d\", 0);\n}\n}\n
// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_A(int n)\n{\nConsole.WriteLine(0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nvoid algorithm_B(int n)\n{\nfor (int i = 0; i < n; i++)\n{\nConsole.WriteLine(0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_C(int n)\n{\nfor (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++)\n{\nConsole.WriteLine(0);\n}\n}\n
// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunc algorithmA(n: Int) {\nprint(0)\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nfunc algorithmB(n: Int) {\nfor _ in 0 ..< n {\nprint(0)\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunc algorithmC(n: Int) {\nfor _ in 0 ..< 1000000 {\nprint(0)\n}\n}\n
\n
// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithmA(int n) {\nprint(0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nvoid algorithmB(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {\nprint(0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithmC(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {\nprint(0);\n}\n}\n
Fig. \u7b97\u6cd5 A, B, C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf
\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7b97\u6cd5 A \u548c C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u5dee\u522b\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7b97\u6cd5 B \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u6bd4 C \u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u8f83\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5 B \u660e\u663e\u4f18\u4e8e\u7b97\u6cd5 C \u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u96be\u4ec5\u51ed\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5224\u65ad\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\u4f4e\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b58\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u8bc4\u5224\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u6700\u6709\u6548\u4e14\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i < 5 * n + 1; i++) {\nSystem.out.println(0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i < 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j < n + 1; j++) {\nSystem.out.println(0);\n}\n}\n}\n
void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i < 5 * n + 1; i++) {\ncout << 0 << endl;\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i < 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j < n + 1; j++) {\ncout << 0 << endl;\n}\n}\n}\n
def algorithm(n: int) -> None:\na = 1 # +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n # +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n# +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor i in range(5 * n + 1):\nprint(0)\n# +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor i in range(2 * n):\nfor j in range(n + 1):\nprint(0)\n
func algorithm(n int) {\na := 1 // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor i := 0; i < 5 * n + 1; i++ {\nfmt.Println(0)\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor i := 0; i < 2 * n; i++ {\nfor j := 0; j < n + 1; j++ {\nfmt.Println(0)\n}\n}\n}\n
function algorithm(n) {\nlet a = 1; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (let i = 0; i < 5 * n + 1; i++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (let i = 0; i < 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (let j = 0; j < n + 1; j++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n}\n}\n
function algorithm(n: number): void {\nlet a = 1; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (let i = 0; i < 5 * n + 1; i++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (let i = 0; i < 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (let j = 0; j < n + 1; j++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n}\n}\n
void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i < 5 * n + 1; i++) {\nprintf(\"%d\", 0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i < 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j < n + 1; j++) {\nprintf(\"%d\", 0);\n}\n}\n}\n
void algorithm(int n)\n{\nint a = 1; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i < 5 * n + 1; i++)\n{\nConsole.WriteLine(0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i < 2 * n; i++)\n{\nfor (int j = 0; j < n + 1; j++)\n{\nConsole.WriteLine(0);\n}\n}\n}\n
func algorithm(n: Int) {\nvar a = 1 // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor _ in 0 ..< (5 * n + 1) {\nprint(0)\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor _ in 0 ..< (2 * n) {\nfor _ in 0 ..< (n + 1) {\nprint(0)\n}\n}\n}\n
\n
void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i < 5 * n + 1; i++) {\nprint(0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i < 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j < n + 1; j++) {\nprint(0);\n}\n}\n}\n
\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u662f CPU \u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5728\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u5305\u62ec\uff1a
\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b byte , short , int , long \uff1b
/* \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u300c\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u300d\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u300c\u6570\u7ec4\u300d */\nint[] numbers = new int[5];\nfloat[] decimals = new float[5];\nchar[] characters = new char[5];\nboolean[] booleans = new boolean[5];\n
/* \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u300c\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u300d\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u300c\u6570\u7ec4\u300d */\nint[] numbers = new int[5];\nfloat[] decimals = new float[5];\nchar[] characters = new char[5];\nbool[] booleans = new bool[5];\n
C# \u4f7f\u7528 UTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u56e0\u4e3a .NET \u5e73\u53f0\u662f\u7531 Microsoft \u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\uff0c\u800c Microsoft \u7684\u5f88\u591a\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec Windows \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u90fd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5730\u4f7f\u7528 UTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\u3002
\u300c\u8def\u5f84 Path\u300d\uff1a\u4ece\u9876\u70b9 A \u5230\u9876\u70b9 B \u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684\u8fb9\u6784\u6210\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4ece A \u5230 B \u7684\u201c\u8def\u5f84\u201d\u3002\u5728\u4e0a\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fb9\u5e8f\u5217 1-5-2-4 \u662f\u9876\u70b9 1 \u5230\u9876\u70b9 4 \u7684\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u5f84\u3002
class GraphAdjList:\n\"\"\"\u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7c7b\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self, edges: list[list[Vertex]]) -> None:\n\"\"\"\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\"\"\"\n# \u90bb\u63a5\u8868\uff0ckey: \u9876\u70b9\uff0cvalue\uff1a\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nself.adj_list = dict[Vertex, Vertex]()\n# \u6dfb\u52a0\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u548c\u8fb9\nfor edge in edges:\nself.add_vertex(edge[0])\nself.add_vertex(edge[1])\nself.add_edge(edge[0], edge[1])\ndef size(self) -> int:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\"\"\"\nreturn len(self.adj_list)\ndef add_edge(self, vet1: Vertex, vet2: Vertex) -> None:\n\"\"\"\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\"\"\"\nif vet1 not in self.adj_list or vet2 not in self.adj_list or vet1 == vet2:\nraise ValueError()\n# \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2\nself.adj_list[vet1].append(vet2)\nself.adj_list[vet2].append(vet1)\ndef remove_edge(self, vet1: Vertex, vet2: Vertex) -> None:\n\"\"\"\u5220\u9664\u8fb9\"\"\"\nif vet1 not in self.adj_list or vet2 not in self.adj_list or vet1 == vet2:\nraise ValueError()\n# \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2\nself.adj_list[vet1].remove(vet2)\nself.adj_list[vet2].remove(vet1)\ndef add_vertex(self, vet: Vertex) -> None:\n\"\"\"\u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9\"\"\"\nif vet in self.adj_list:\nreturn\n# \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u94fe\u8868\nself.adj_list[vet] = []\ndef remove_vertex(self, vet: Vertex) -> None:\n\"\"\"\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9\"\"\"\nif vet not in self.adj_list:\nraise ValueError()\n# \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 vet \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u94fe\u8868\nself.adj_list.pop(vet)\n# \u904d\u5386\u5176\u4ed6\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u5305\u542b vet \u7684\u8fb9\nfor vertex in self.adj_list:\nif vet in self.adj_list[vertex]:\nself.adj_list[vertex].remove(vet)\ndef print(self) -> None:\n\"\"\"\u6253\u5370\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\"\"\"\nprint(\"\u90bb\u63a5\u8868 =\")\nfor vertex in self.adj_list:\ntmp = [v.val for v in self.adj_list[vertex]]\nprint(f\"{vertex.val}: {tmp},\")\n
\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u4e0a\u4e0d\u540c\u8bed\u8a00\u7248\u672c\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff1a\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u662f\u201c\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fb9\u5e8f\u5217\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e2d\u6587\u7248\u662f\u201c\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u5e8f\u5217\u201d\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u539f\u6587\uff1aIn graph theory, a path in a graph is a finite or infinite sequence of edges which joins a sequence of vertices. \u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u8def\u5f84\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fb9\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u6761\u8fb9\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u6bcf\u6761\u8fb9\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u5f84\u3002
\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f18\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u8868\u793a\u4ee5\u7f13\u89e3\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u300c\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740 Separate Chaining\u300d\u548c\u300c\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740 Open Addressing\u300d\u3002
# \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\n# \u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 key->value\nfor key, value in mapp.items():\nprint(key, \"->\", value)\n# \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e key\nfor key in mapp.keys():\nprint(key)\n# \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c value\nfor value in mapp.values():\nprint(value)\n
hash_map_test.go
/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\n// \u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 key->value\nfor key, value := range mapp {\nfmt.Println(key, \"->\", value)\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e key\nfor key := range mapp {\nfmt.Println(key)\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c value\nfor _, value := range mapp {\nfmt.Println(value)\n}\n
hash_map.js
/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nconsole.info('\\n\u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 Key->Value');\nfor (const [k, v] of map.entries()) {\nconsole.info(k + ' -> ' + v);\n}\nconsole.info('\\n\u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e Key');\nfor (const k of map.keys()) {\nconsole.info(k);\n}\nconsole.info('\\n\u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c Value');\nfor (const v of map.values()) {\nconsole.info(v);\n}\n
hash_map.ts
/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nconsole.info('\\n\u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 Key->Value');\nfor (const [k, v] of map.entries()) {\nconsole.info(k + ' -> ' + v);\n}\nconsole.info('\\n\u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e Key');\nfor (const k of map.keys()) {\nconsole.info(k);\n}\nconsole.info('\\n\u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c Value');\nfor (const v of map.values()) {\nconsole.info(v);\n}\n
hash_map.c
// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\n
hash_map.cs
/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\n// \u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 Key->Value\nforeach (var kv in map)\n{\nConsole.WriteLine(kv.Key + \" -> \" + kv.Value);\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e key\nforeach (int key in map.Keys)\n{\nConsole.WriteLine(key);\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c value\nforeach (String val in map.Values)\n{\nConsole.WriteLine(val);\n}\n
hash_map.swift
/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\n// \u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 Key->Value\nfor (key, value) in map {\nprint(\"\\(key) -> \\(value)\")\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e Key\nfor key in map.keys {\nprint(key)\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c Value\nfor value in map.values {\nprint(value)\n}\n
\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u5c06 key \u6620\u5c04\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\uff08\u6876\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8bbf\u95ee\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c value \u3002
\u7ed9\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20 val \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u5c06\u5176\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5806\u5e95\u3002\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e val \u53ef\u80fd\u5927\u4e8e\u5806\u4e2d\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5806\u7684\u6210\u7acb\u6761\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u88ab\u7834\u574f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u590d\u4ece\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e0a\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u5806\u5316 Heapify\u300d\u3002
\u5c0f\u5230\u70f9\u996a\u4e00\u9053\u83dc\uff0c\u5927\u5230\u661f\u9645\u822a\u884c\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u90fd\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u7a0b\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u8c03\u7528 CPU \u548c GPU \u6267\u884c\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u80fd\u628a\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u89e3\u51b3\u5404\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u3002
\u300c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784 Data Structure\u300d\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u76ee\u6807\u5305\u62ec\uff1a
\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u8f6e\u201c\u5192\u6ce1\u201d\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u4ea4\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d flag \u6765\u76d1\u6d4b\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u51fa\u73b0\u5c31\u7acb\u5373\u8fd4\u56de\u3002
/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid bucketSort(float[] nums) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nint k = nums.length / 2;\nList<List<Float>> buckets = new ArrayList<>();\nfor (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {\nbuckets.add(new ArrayList<>());\n}\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor (float num : nums) {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nint i = (int) (num * k);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 i\nbuckets.get(i).add(num);\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor (List<Float> bucket : buckets) {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nCollections.sort(bucket);\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nint i = 0;\nfor (List<Float> bucket : buckets) {\nfor (float num : bucket) {\nnums[i++] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n
bucket_sort.cpp
/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid bucketSort(vector<float> &nums) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nint k = nums.size() / 2;\nvector<vector<float>> buckets(k);\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor (float num : nums) {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nint i = num * k;\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 bucket_idx\nbuckets[i].push_back(num);\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor (vector<float> &bucket : buckets) {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nsort(bucket.begin(), bucket.end());\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nint i = 0;\nfor (vector<float> &bucket : buckets) {\nfor (float num : bucket) {\nnums[i++] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n
bucket_sort.py
def bucket_sort(nums: list[float]) -> None:\n\"\"\"\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\"\"\"\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nk = len(nums) // 2\nbuckets = [[] for _ in range(k)]\n# 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor num in nums:\n# \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\ni = int(num * k)\n# \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 i\nbuckets[i].append(num)\n# 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f5\nfor bucket in buckets:\n# \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nbucket.sort()\n# 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\ni = 0\nfor bucket in buckets:\nfor num in bucket:\nnums[i] = num\ni += 1\n
bucket_sort.go
/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunc bucketSort(nums []float64) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nk := len(nums) / 2\nbuckets := make([][]float64, k)\nfor i := 0; i < k; i++ {\nbuckets[i] = make([]float64, 0)\n}\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor _, num := range nums {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\ni := int(num * float64(k))\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 i\nbuckets[i] = append(buckets[i], num)\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor i := 0; i < k; i++ {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u5207\u7247\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nsort.Float64s(buckets[i])\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\ni := 0\nfor _, bucket := range buckets {\nfor _, num := range bucket {\nnums[i] = num\ni++\n}\n}\n}\n
bucket_sort.js
/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunction bucketSort(nums) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nconst k = nums.length / 2;\nconst buckets = [];\nfor (let i = 0; i < k; i++) {\nbuckets.push([]);\n}\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor (const num of nums) {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nconst i = Math.floor(num * k);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 i\nbuckets[i].push(num);\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor (const bucket of buckets) {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nbucket.sort((a, b) => a - b);\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nlet i = 0;\nfor (const bucket of buckets) {\nfor (const num of bucket) {\nnums[i++] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n
bucket_sort.ts
/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunction bucketSort(nums: number[]): void {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nconst k = nums.length / 2;\nconst buckets: number[][] = [];\nfor (let i = 0; i < k; i++) {\nbuckets.push([]);\n}\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor (const num of nums) {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nconst i = Math.floor(num * k);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 i\nbuckets[i].push(num);\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor (const bucket of buckets) {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nbucket.sort((a, b) => a - b);\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nlet i = 0;\nfor (const bucket of buckets) {\nfor (const num of bucket) {\nnums[i++] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n
bucket_sort.c
/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid bucketSort(float nums[], int size) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nint k = size / 2;\nfloat **buckets = calloc(k, sizeof(float *));\nfor (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {\n// \u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u6700\u591a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u914d k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nbuckets[i] = calloc(ARRAY_SIZE, sizeof(float));\n}\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nint bucket_idx = nums[i] * k;\nint j = 0;\n// \u5982\u679c\u6876\u4e2d\u6709\u6570\u636e\u4e14\u6570\u636e\u5c0f\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u503c nums[i], \u8981\u5c06\u5176\u653e\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u6876\u7684\u540e\u9762\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e cpp \u4e2d\u7684 push_back\nwhile (buckets[bucket_idx][j] > 0 && buckets[bucket_idx][j] < nums[i]) {\nj++;\n}\nfloat temp = nums[i];\nwhile (j < ARRAY_SIZE && buckets[bucket_idx][j] > 0) {\nswap(&temp, &buckets[bucket_idx][j]);\nj++;\n}\nbuckets[bucket_idx][j] = temp;\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {\nqsort(buckets[i], ARRAY_SIZE, sizeof(float), compare_float);\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nfor (int i = 0, j = 0; j < k; j++) {\nfor (int l = 0; l < ARRAY_SIZE; l++) {\nif (buckets[j][l] > 0) {\nnums[i++] = buckets[j][l];\n}\n}\n}\n// \u91ca\u653e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\nfor (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {\nfree(buckets[i]);\n}\nfree(buckets);\n}\n
bucket_sort.cs
/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid bucketSort(float[] nums) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nint k = nums.Length / 2;\nList<List<float>> buckets = new List<List<float>>();\nfor (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {\nbuckets.Add(new List<float>());\n}\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nforeach (float num in nums) {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nint i = (int) (num * k);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 i\nbuckets[i].Add(num);\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nforeach (List<float> bucket in buckets) {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nbucket.Sort();\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nint j = 0;\nforeach (List<float> bucket in buckets) {\nforeach (float num in bucket) {\nnums[j++] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n
bucket_sort.swift
/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunc bucketSort(nums: inout [Double]) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nlet k = nums.count / 2\nvar buckets = (0 ..< k).map { _ in [Double]() }\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor num in nums {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nlet i = Int(num * k)\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 i\nbuckets[i].append(num)\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor i in buckets.indices {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nbuckets[i].sort()\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nvar i = nums.startIndex\nfor bucket in buckets {\nfor num in bucket {\nnums[i] = num\nnums.formIndex(after: &i)\n}\n}\n}\n
bucket_sort.zig
[class]{}-[func]{bucketSort}\n
bucket_sort.dart
/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid bucketSort(List<double> nums) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nint k = nums.length ~/ 2;\nList<List<double>> buckets = List.generate(k, (index) => []);\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor (double num in nums) {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nint i = (num * k).toInt();\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 bucket_idx\nbuckets[i].add(num);\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor (List<double> bucket in buckets) {\nbucket.sort();\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nint i = 0;\nfor (List<double> bucket in buckets) {\nfor (double num in bucket) {\nnums[i++] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n
\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u4f55\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u539f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7ed3\u679c\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u8ba1\u7b97 counter \u7684\u300c\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u300d\u3002\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15 i \u5904\u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c prefix[i] \u7b49\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u524d i \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u548c\uff0c\u5373
\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u5177\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0cprefix[num] - 1 \u4ee3\u8868\u5143\u7d20 num \u5728\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u975e\u5e38\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u5404\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5e94\u8be5\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u54ea\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 num \uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u8f6e\u8fed\u4ee3\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\uff1a
\u5c06 num \u586b\u5165\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7684\u7d22\u5f15 prefix[num] - 1 \u5904\uff1b
\u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c prefix[num] \u51cf\u5c0f \\(1\\) \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff1b
\u904d\u5386\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u4e2d\u5c31\u662f\u6392\u5e8f\u597d\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4f7f\u7528 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u5373\u53ef\u3002
/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nvoid countingSort(int[] nums) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nint m = 0;\nfor (int num : nums) {\nm = Math.max(m, num);\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nint[] counter = new int[m + 1];\nfor (int num : nums) {\ncounter[num]++;\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i];\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nint n = nums.length;\nint[] res = new int[n];\nfor (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nint num = nums[i];\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num; // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num]--; // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {\nnums[i] = res[i];\n}\n}\n
counting_sort.cpp
/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nvoid countingSort(vector<int> &nums) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nint m = 0;\nfor (int num : nums) {\nm = max(m, num);\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nvector<int> counter(m + 1, 0);\nfor (int num : nums) {\ncounter[num]++;\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i];\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nint n = nums.size();\nvector<int> res(n);\nfor (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nint num = nums[i];\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num; // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num]--; // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nnums = res;\n}\n
counting_sort.py
def counting_sort(nums: list[int]) -> None:\n\"\"\"\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\"\"\"\n# \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\n# 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nm = max(nums)\n# 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n# counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\ncounter = [0] * (m + 1)\nfor num in nums:\ncounter[num] += 1\n# 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n# \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor i in range(m):\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i]\n# 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nn = len(nums)\nres = [0] * n\nfor i in range(n - 1, -1, -1):\nnum = nums[i]\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num # \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num] -= 1 # \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n# \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor i in range(n):\nnums[i] = res[i]\n
counting_sort.go
/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nfunc countingSort(nums []int) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nm := 0\nfor _, num := range nums {\nif num > m {\nm = num\n}\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\ncounter := make([]int, m+1)\nfor _, num := range nums {\ncounter[num]++\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor i := 0; i < m; i++ {\ncounter[i+1] += counter[i]\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nn := len(nums)\nres := make([]int, n)\nfor i := n - 1; i >= 0; i-- {\nnum := nums[i]\n// \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\nres[counter[num]-1] = num\n// \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\ncounter[num]--\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\ncopy(nums, res)\n}\n
counting_sort.js
/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nfunction countingSort(nums) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nlet m = 0;\nfor (const num of nums) {\nm = Math.max(m, num);\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nconst counter = new Array(m + 1).fill(0);\nfor (const num of nums) {\ncounter[num]++;\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (let i = 0; i < m; i++) {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i];\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nconst n = nums.length;\nconst res = new Array(n);\nfor (let i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nconst num = nums[i];\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num; // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num]--; // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {\nnums[i] = res[i];\n}\n}\n
counting_sort.ts
/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nfunction countingSort(nums: number[]): void {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nlet m = 0;\nfor (const num of nums) {\nm = Math.max(m, num);\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nconst counter: number[] = new Array<number>(m + 1).fill(0);\nfor (const num of nums) {\ncounter[num]++;\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (let i = 0; i < m; i++) {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i];\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nconst n = nums.length;\nconst res: number[] = new Array<number>(n);\nfor (let i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nconst num = nums[i];\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num; // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num]--; // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {\nnums[i] = res[i];\n}\n}\n
counting_sort.c
/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nvoid countingSort(int nums[], int size) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nint m = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {\nif (nums[i] > m) {\nm = nums[i];\n}\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nint *counter = malloc(sizeof(int) * m);\nfor (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {\ncounter[nums[i]]++;\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i];\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nint *res = malloc(sizeof(int) * size);\nfor (int i = size - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nint num = nums[i];\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num; // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num]--; // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nmemcpy(nums, res, size * sizeof(int));\n}\n
counting_sort.cs
/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nvoid countingSort(int[] nums) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nint m = 0;\nforeach (int num in nums) {\nm = Math.Max(m, num);\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nint[] counter = new int[m + 1];\nforeach (int num in nums) {\ncounter[num]++;\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i];\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nint n = nums.Length;\nint[] res = new int[n];\nfor (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nint num = nums[i];\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num; // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num]--; // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {\nnums[i] = res[i];\n}\n}\n
counting_sort.swift
/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nfunc countingSort(nums: inout [Int]) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nlet m = nums.max()!\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nvar counter = Array(repeating: 0, count: m + 1)\nfor num in nums {\ncounter[num] += 1\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor i in stride(from: 0, to: m, by: 1) {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i]\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nvar res = Array(repeating: 0, count: nums.count)\nfor i in stride(from: nums.count - 1, through: 0, by: -1) {\nlet num = nums[i]\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num] -= 1 // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor i in stride(from: 0, to: nums.count, by: 1) {\nnums[i] = res[i]\n}\n}\n
counting_sort.zig
[class]{}-[func]{countingSort}\n
counting_sort.dart
/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nvoid countingSort(List<int> nums) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nint m = 0;\nfor (int num in nums) {\nm = max(m, num);\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nList<int> counter = List.filled(m + 1, 0);\nfor (int num in nums) {\ncounter[num]++;\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i];\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nint n = nums.length;\nList<int> res = List.filled(n, 0);\nfor (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nint num = nums[i];\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num; // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num]--; // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nnums.setAll(0, res);\n}\n
/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nvoid siftDown(int[] nums, int n, int i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nint l = 2 * i + 1;\nint r = 2 * i + 2;\nint ma = i;\nif (l < n && nums[l] > nums[ma])\nma = l;\nif (r < n && nums[r] > nums[ma])\nma = r;\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u9700\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma == i)\nbreak;\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nint temp = nums[i];\nnums[i] = nums[ma];\nnums[ma] = temp;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid heapSort(int[] nums) {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (int i = nums.length / 2 - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nsiftDown(nums, nums.length, i);\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor (int i = nums.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nint tmp = nums[0];\nnums[0] = nums[i];\nnums[i] = tmp;\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums, i, 0);\n}\n}\n
heap_sort.cpp
/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nvoid siftDown(vector<int> &nums, int n, int i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nint l = 2 * i + 1;\nint r = 2 * i + 2;\nint ma = i;\nif (l < n && nums[l] > nums[ma])\nma = l;\nif (r < n && nums[r] > nums[ma])\nma = r;\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u9700\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma == i) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nswap(nums[i], nums[ma]);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid heapSort(vector<int> &nums) {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (int i = nums.size() / 2 - 1; i >= 0; --i) {\nsiftDown(nums, nums.size(), i);\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor (int i = nums.size() - 1; i > 0; --i) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nswap(nums[0], nums[i]);\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums, i, 0);\n}\n}\n
heap_sort.py
def sift_down(nums: list[int], n: int, i: int):\n\"\"\"\u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\"\"\"\nwhile True:\n# \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nl = 2 * i + 1\nr = 2 * i + 2\nma = i\nif l < n and nums[l] > nums[ma]:\nma = l\nif r < n and nums[r] > nums[ma]:\nma = r\n# \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u9700\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif ma == i:\nbreak\n# \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nnums[i], nums[ma] = nums[ma], nums[i]\n# \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma\ndef heap_sort(nums: list[int]):\n\"\"\"\u5806\u6392\u5e8f\"\"\"\n# \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor i in range(len(nums) // 2 - 1, -1, -1):\nsift_down(nums, len(nums), i)\n# \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor i in range(len(nums) - 1, 0, -1):\n# \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nnums[0], nums[i] = nums[i], nums[0]\n# \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsift_down(nums, i, 0)\n
heap_sort.go
/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nfunc siftDown(nums *[]int, n, i int) {\nfor true {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nl := 2*i + 1\nr := 2*i + 2\nma := i\nif l < n && (*nums)[l] > (*nums)[ma] {\nma = l\n}\nif r < n && (*nums)[r] > (*nums)[ma] {\nma = r\n}\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u9700\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif ma == i {\nbreak\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\n(*nums)[i], (*nums)[ma] = (*nums)[ma], (*nums)[i]\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunc heapSort(nums *[]int) {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor i := len(*nums)/2 - 1; i >= 0; i-- {\nsiftDown(nums, len(*nums), i)\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor i := len(*nums) - 1; i > 0; i-- {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\n(*nums)[0], (*nums)[i] = (*nums)[i], (*nums)[0]\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums, i, 0)\n}\n}\n
heap_sort.js
/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nfunction siftDown(nums, n, i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nlet l = 2 * i + 1;\nlet r = 2 * i + 2;\nlet ma = i;\nif (l < n && nums[l] > nums[ma]) {\nma = l;\n}\nif (r < n && nums[r] > nums[ma]) {\nma = r;\n}\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u9700\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma === i) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\n[nums[i], nums[ma]] = [nums[ma], nums[i]];\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunction heapSort(nums) {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (let i = Math.floor(nums.length / 2) - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nsiftDown(nums, nums.length, i);\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor (let i = nums.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\n[nums[0], nums[i]] = [nums[i], nums[0]];\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums, i, 0);\n}\n}\n
heap_sort.ts
/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nfunction siftDown(nums: number[], n: number, i: number): void {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nlet l = 2 * i + 1;\nlet r = 2 * i + 2;\nlet ma = i;\nif (l < n && nums[l] > nums[ma]) {\nma = l;\n}\nif (r < n && nums[r] > nums[ma]) {\nma = r;\n}\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u9700\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma === i) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\n[nums[i], nums[ma]] = [nums[ma], nums[i]];\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunction heapSort(nums: number[]): void {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (let i = Math.floor(nums.length / 2) - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nsiftDown(nums, nums.length, i);\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor (let i = nums.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\n[nums[0], nums[i]] = [nums[i], nums[0]];\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums, i, 0);\n}\n}\n
heap_sort.c
/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nvoid siftDown(int nums[], int n, int i) {\nwhile (1) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nint l = 2 * i + 1;\nint r = 2 * i + 2;\nint ma = i;\nif (l < n && nums[l] > nums[ma])\nma = l;\nif (r < n && nums[r] > nums[ma])\nma = r;\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u9700\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma == i) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nint temp = nums[i];\nnums[i] = nums[ma];\nnums[ma] = temp;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid heapSort(int nums[], int n) {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (int i = n / 2 - 1; i >= 0; --i) {\nsiftDown(nums, n, i);\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor (int i = n - 1; i > 0; --i) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nint tmp = nums[0];\nnums[0] = nums[i];\nnums[i] = tmp;\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums, i, 0);\n}\n}\n
heap_sort.cs
/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nvoid siftDown(int[] nums, int n, int i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nint l = 2 * i + 1;\nint r = 2 * i + 2;\nint ma = i;\nif (l < n && nums[l] > nums[ma])\nma = l;\nif (r < n && nums[r] > nums[ma])\nma = r;\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u9700\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma == i)\nbreak;\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\n(nums[ma], nums[i]) = (nums[i], nums[ma]);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid heapSort(int[] nums) {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (int i = nums.Length / 2 - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nsiftDown(nums, nums.Length, i);\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor (int i = nums.Length - 1; i > 0; i--) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\n(nums[i], nums[0]) = (nums[0], nums[i]);\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums, i, 0);\n}\n}\n
heap_sort.swift
/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nfunc siftDown(nums: inout [Int], n: Int, i: Int) {\nvar i = i\nwhile true {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nlet l = 2 * i + 1\nlet r = 2 * i + 2\nvar ma = i\nif l < n, nums[l] > nums[ma] {\nma = l\n}\nif r < n, nums[r] > nums[ma] {\nma = r\n}\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u9700\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif ma == i {\nbreak\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nnums.swapAt(i, ma)\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunc heapSort(nums: inout [Int]) {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor i in stride(from: nums.count / 2 - 1, through: 0, by: -1) {\nsiftDown(nums: &nums, n: nums.count, i: i)\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor i in stride(from: nums.count - 1, to: 0, by: -1) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nnums.swapAt(0, i)\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums: &nums, n: i, i: 0)\n}\n}\n
\u56de\u5fc6\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8bbe\u57fa\u51c6\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a base \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u4ece\u76ee\u6807\u7d22\u5f15\u5230 base \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u5c06 base \u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u76ee\u6807\u7d22\u5f15\u3002
\u9009\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7b2c 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a base \uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u524d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u3002
\u9009\u53d6\u7b2c 3 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a base \uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u524d 3 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u3002
\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\uff0c\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u8f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u9009\u53d6\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a base \uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u540e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5747\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u3002
\u9009\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488 i \u548c j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4e24\u7aef\uff1b
\u300c\u961f\u5217 Queue\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9075\u5faa\u5148\u5165\u5148\u51fa\uff08First In, First Out\uff09\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u961f\u5217\u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u6392\u961f\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5373\u65b0\u6765\u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u65ad\u52a0\u5165\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\uff0c\u800c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u961f\u5217\u5934\u90e8\u7684\u4eba\u9010\u4e2a\u79bb\u5f00\u3002
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8ba9 front \u6216 rear \u5728\u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u56de\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u7ee7\u7eed\u904d\u5386\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5468\u671f\u6027\u89c4\u5f8b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002
\u300c\u6808 Stack\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9075\u5faa\u5148\u5165\u540e\u51fa\uff08First In, Last Out\uff09\u539f\u5219\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002
\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5f53\u5165\u6808\u4e0e\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u5982 int , double \uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a
G. M. Adelson-Velsky \u548c E. M. Landis \u5728\u5176 1962 \u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8bba\u6587 \"An algorithm for the organization of information\" \u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u300cAVL \u6811\u300d\u3002\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u6301\u7eed\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u540e\uff0cAVL \u6811\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9000\u5316\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4fdd\u6301\u5728 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u7ea7\u522b\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u9700\u8981\u9891\u7e41\u8fdb\u884c\u589e\u5220\u67e5\u6539\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0cAVL \u6811\u80fd\u59cb\u7ec8\u4fdd\u6301\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4ef7\u503c\u3002
\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\uff0c\u53f3\u65cb\u548c\u5de6\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u662f\u955c\u50cf\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u5931\u8861\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u662f\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u4ece\u53f3\u65cb\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u5de6\u65cb\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u5730\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5c06\u300c\u53f3\u65cb\u300d\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u628a\u6240\u6709\u7684 left \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a right \uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7684 right \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a left \uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u300c\u5de6\u65cb\u300d\u4ee3\u7801\u3002
\u7ed9\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u503c num \uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 cur \uff0c\u4ece\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9 root \u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u6bd4\u8f83\u8282\u70b9\u503c cur.val \u548c num \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5173\u7cfb
\u82e5 cur.val < num \uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6267\u884c cur = cur.right \uff1b
\u82e5 cur.val > num \uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6267\u884c cur = cur.left \uff1b
\u82e5 cur.val = num \uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\uff1b
\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f85\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num \uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u6301\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 < \u6839\u8282\u70b9 < \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u201d\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u6b65\uff1a
\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a\u4e0e\u67e5\u627e\u64cd\u4f5c\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4ece\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u503c\u548c num \u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5173\u7cfb\u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u904d\u5386\u81f3 \\(\\text{null}\\) \uff09\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\uff1b
\u5728\u8be5\u4f4d\u7f6e\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\uff1a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9 num \uff0c\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7f6e\u4e8e \\(\\text{null}\\) \u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1b
\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5229\u7528\u8f85\u52a9\u8282\u70b9 pre \u4fdd\u5b58\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f6e\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5728\u904d\u5386\u81f3 \\(\\text{null}\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u5176\u7236\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b8c\u6210\u8282\u70b9\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002
\u300c\u5b8c\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 Full Binary Tree\u300d\u9664\u4e86\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u3002
"}]}
\ No newline at end of file
+{"config":{"lang":["ja"],"separator":"[\\s\\-\uff0c\u3002]+","pipeline":["stemmer"]},"docs":[{"location":"","title":"Home","text":"
/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nvoid insert(int[] nums, int num, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int i = nums.length - 1; i > index; i--) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n
array.cpp
/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nvoid insert(int *nums, int size, int num, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int i = size - 1; i > index; i--) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n
array.py
def insert(nums: list[int], num: int, index: int) -> None:\n\"\"\"\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num\"\"\"\n# \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor i in range(len(nums) - 1, index, -1):\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1]\n# \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num\n
array.go
/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nfunc insert(nums []int, num int, index int) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor i := len(nums) - 1; i > index; i-- {\nnums[i] = nums[i-1]\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num\n}\n
array.js
/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nfunction insert(nums, num, index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (let i = nums.length - 1; i > index; i--) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n
array.ts
/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nfunction insert(nums: number[], num: number, index: number): void {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (let i = nums.length - 1; i > index; i--) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n
array.c
/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nvoid insert(int *nums, int size, int num, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int i = size - 1; i > index; i--) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n
array.cs
/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nvoid insert(int[] nums, int num, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int i = nums.Length - 1; i > index; i--) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n
array.swift
/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nfunc insert(nums: inout [Int], num: Int, index: Int) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor i in sequence(first: nums.count - 1, next: { $0 > index + 1 ? $0 - 1 : nil }) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1]\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num\n}\n
array.zig
// \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num\nfn insert(nums: []i32, num: i32, index: usize) void {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nvar i = nums.len - 1;\nwhile (i > index) : (i -= 1) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n
array.dart
/* \u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num */\nvoid insert(List nums, int num, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (var i = nums.length - 1; i > index; i--) {\nnums[i] = nums[i - 1];\n}\n// \u5c06 num \u8d4b\u7ed9 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\nnums[index] = num;\n}\n
/* \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20 */\nvoid remove(int[] nums, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int i = index; i < nums.length - 1; i++) {\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1];\n}\n}\n
array.cpp
/* \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20 */\nvoid remove(int *nums, int size, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int i = index; i < size - 1; i++) {\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1];\n}\n}\n
array.py
def remove(nums: list[int], index: int) -> None:\n\"\"\"\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20\"\"\"\n# \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor i in range(index, len(nums) - 1):\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1]\n
array.go
/* \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunc remove(nums []int, index int) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor i := index; i < len(nums)-1; i++ {\nnums[i] = nums[i+1]\n}\n}\n
array.js
/* \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunction remove(nums, index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (let i = index; i < nums.length - 1; i++) {\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1];\n}\n}\n
array.ts
/* \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20 */\nfunction remove(nums: number[], index: number): void {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (let i = index; i < nums.length - 1; i++) {\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1];\n}\n}\n
array.c
/* \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20 */\n// \u6ce8\u610f\uff1astdio.h \u5360\u7528\u4e86 remove \u5173\u952e\u8bcd\nvoid removeItem(int *nums, int size, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int i = index; i < size - 1; i++) {\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1];\n}\n}\n
array.cs
/* \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15 index \u5904\u5143\u7d20 */\nvoid remove(int[] nums, int index) {\n// \u628a\u7d22\u5f15 index \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\nfor (int i = index; i < nums.Length - 1; i++) {\nnums[i] = nums[i + 1];\n}\n}\n
/* \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4 */\nvoid traverse(int[] nums) {\nint count = 0;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int num : nums) {\ncount++;\n}\n}\n
array.cpp
/* \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4 */\nvoid traverse(int *nums, int size) {\nint count = 0;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n}\n
array.py
def traverse(nums: list[int]) -> None:\n\"\"\"\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\"\"\"\ncount = 0\n# \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor i in range(len(nums)):\ncount += 1\n# \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor num in nums:\ncount += 1\n# \u540c\u65f6\u904d\u5386\u6570\u636e\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u5143\u7d20\nfor i, num in enumerate(nums):\ncount += 1\n
array.go
/* \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4 */\nfunc traverse(nums []int) {\ncount := 0\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor i := 0; i < len(nums); i++ {\ncount++\n}\ncount = 0\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor range nums {\ncount++\n}\n}\n
array.js
/* \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4 */\nfunction traverse(nums) {\nlet count = 0;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (let i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (let num of nums) {\ncount += 1;\n}\n}\n
array.ts
/* \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4 */\nfunction traverse(nums: number[]): void {\nlet count = 0;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (let i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (let num of nums) {\ncount += 1;\n}\n}\n
array.c
/* \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4 */\nvoid traverse(int *nums, int size) {\nint count = 0;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n}\n
array.cs
/* \u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4 */\nvoid traverse(int[] nums) {\nint count = 0;\n// \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nfor (int i = 0; i < nums.Length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n// \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u6570\u7ec4\nforeach (int num in nums) {\ncount++;\n}\n}\n
class ListNode:\n\"\"\"\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u7c7b\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self, val: int):\nself.val: int = val # \u8282\u70b9\u503c\nself.next: Optional[ListNode] = None # \u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff08\u5f15\u7528\uff09\n
\u5728\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u6574\u4f53\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6570\u7ec4 nums \uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5404\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 nums[0] , nums[1] \u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u800c\u94fe\u8868\u662f\u7531\u591a\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u5c06\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u5f53\u4f5c\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u4ee3\u79f0\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5934\u8282\u70b9 head \u548c\u94fe\u8868 head \u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u540c\u4e49\u7684\u3002
\u94fe\u8868\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5efa\u7acb\u94fe\u8868\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u6b65\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5934\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u9996\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff09\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u9488 next \u4f9d\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u3002
\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 A , B \u4e4b\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u8282\u70b9 P \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u9488\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(1)\\) \uff1b\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u8981\u4f4e\u5f97\u591a\u3002
\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u6539\u53d8\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u8282\u70b9 P \u4ecd\u7136\u6307\u5411 n1 \uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a P \u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u518d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6b64\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u904d\u5386\u6b64\u94fe\u8868\u65f6\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230 P \u3002
\u94fe\u8868\u8bbf\u95ee\u8282\u70b9\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u5982\u4e0a\u8282\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 \\(O(1)\\) \u65f6\u95f4\u4e0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u4efb\u610f\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u4efb\u610f\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u5934\u8282\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u9010\u4e2a\u5411\u540e\u904d\u5386\u76f4\u81f3\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u94fe\u8868\u7d22\u5f15\u4e3a index\uff08\u5373\u7b2c index + 1 \u4e2a\uff09\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5411\u540e\u904d\u5386 index \u8f6e\u3002
/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nint count = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0;\nfor (int n : list) {\ncount++;\n}\n
list.cpp
/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nint count = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0;\nfor (int n : list) {\ncount++;\n}\n
list.py
# \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\ncount = 0\nfor i in range(len(list)):\ncount += 1\n# \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\ncount = 0\nfor n in list:\ncount += 1\n
list_test.go
/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\ncount := 0\nfor i := 0; i < len(list); i++ {\ncount++\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0\nfor range list {\ncount++\n}\n
list.js
/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nlet count = 0;\nfor (let i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0;\nfor (const n of list) {\ncount++;\n}\n
list.ts
/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nlet count = 0;\nfor (let i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {\ncount++;\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0;\nfor (const n of list) {\ncount++;\n}\n
list.c
// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4\n
list.cs
/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nint count = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i < list.Count(); i++)\n{\ncount++;\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0;\nforeach (int n in list)\n{\ncount++;\n}\n
list.swift
/* \u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 */\nvar count = 0\nfor _ in list.indices {\ncount += 1\n}\n/* \u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20 */\ncount = 0\nfor _ in list {\ncount += 1\n}\n
\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539 P.next \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002\u4ece\u8be5\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u4ece\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u5230\u5c3e\u7ed3\u70b9\u5df2\u7ecf\u9047\u4e0d\u5230 P \u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7ed3\u70b9 P \u5df2\u7ecf\u4ece\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u4e86\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u7ed3\u70b9 P \u6307\u5411\u54ea\u91cc\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8fd9\u6761\u94fe\u8868\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u3002
\u4ece\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e Java, Python, Go \u7b49\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u52a8\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8282\u70b9 P \u662f\u5426\u88ab\u56de\u6536\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4ecd\u5b58\u5728\u6307\u5411\u5b83\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f P.next \u7684\u503c\u3002\u5728 C, C++ \u7b49\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u8282\u70b9\u5185\u5b58\u3002
\u89e3\u9898\u601d\u8def\uff1a\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u8fd9\u9897\u6811\uff0c\u5e76\u5224\u65ad\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u662f\u5426\u4e3a \\(7\\) \uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u5219\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u503c\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u7ed3\u679c\u5217\u8868 res \u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002
\u8bbe state \u4e3a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\uff0cchoices \u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4ee3\u7801\u3002
\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b64\u6846\u67b6\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09\u3002\u5728\u4f8b\u9898\u4e09\u4e2d\uff0c\u72b6\u6001 state \u662f\u8282\u70b9\u904d\u5386\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u9009\u62e9 choices \u662f\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c res \u662f\u8def\u5f84\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002
\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8e\u524d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u867d\u7136\u663e\u5f97\u5570\u55e6\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u7528\u6027\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u56de\u6eaf\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49 state \u548c choices \uff0c\u5e76\u5b9e\u73b0\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
\u4ece\u56de\u6eaf\u7b97\u6cd5\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u5019\u9009\u96c6\u5408 choices \u662f\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u72b6\u6001 state \u662f\u76f4\u81f3\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u904d\u5386\u9009\u62e9\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u6392\u9664\u5df2\u7ecf\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002
\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c55\u5f00\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u6811\uff0c\u6811\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4ee3\u8868\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001 state \u3002\u4ece\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e09\u8f6e\u9009\u62e9\u540e\u5230\u8fbe\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u6392\u5217\u3002
\u526a\u679d\u6761\u4ef6\u4e00\uff1a\u6574\u4e2a\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a selected \u3002\u5b83\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u54ea\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u907f\u514d\u67d0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5728 state \u4e2d\u91cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0\u3002
\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u7b97\u6cd5 A \u548c\u7b97\u6cd5 B\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u540c\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u627e\u4e00\u53f0\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u76d1\u63a7\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u5f0f\u80fd\u591f\u53cd\u6620\u771f\u5b9e\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u8f83\u5927\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002
\u96be\u4ee5\u6392\u9664\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5e72\u6270\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u786c\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u53f0\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u6bd4\u7b97\u6cd5 B \u77ed\uff1b\u4f46\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u53f0\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u3002
\u5c55\u5f00\u5b8c\u6574\u6d4b\u8bd5\u975e\u5e38\u8017\u8d39\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u968f\u7740\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f1a\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8f83\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5 A \u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u77ed\u4e8e\u7b97\u6cd5 B\uff1b\u800c\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u8f83\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u76f8\u53cd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f97\u5230\u6709\u8bf4\u670d\u529b\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5404\u79cd\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u9700\u8981\u5360\u7528\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u3002
\u201c\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\u201d\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u201c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u4e3a\u300c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 Time Complexity\u300d\u548c\u300c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 Space Complexity\u300d\uff1b
\u300c\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6 Space Complexity\u300d\u7528\u4e8e\u8861\u91cf\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u968f\u7740\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u53d8\u5927\u65f6\u7684\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u975e\u5e38\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002
\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u8f83\u4e3a\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u52a0\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a \\(n\\) \uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e09\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5 A , B , C \u3002
\u7b97\u6cd5 A \u53ea\u6709 \\(1\\) \u4e2a\u6253\u5370\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u968f\u7740 \\(n\\) \u589e\u5927\u800c\u589e\u957f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u6b64\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a\u300c\u5e38\u6570\u9636\u300d\u3002
\u7b97\u6cd5 B \u4e2d\u7684\u6253\u5370\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u5faa\u73af \\(n\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u968f\u7740 \\(n\\) \u589e\u5927\u5448\u7ebf\u6027\u589e\u957f\u3002\u6b64\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\u300d\u3002
\u7b97\u6cd5 C \u4e2d\u7684\u6253\u5370\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u5faa\u73af \\(1000000\\) \u6b21\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u4ecd\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u65e0\u5173\u3002\u56e0\u6b64 C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u548c A \u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4ecd\u4e3a\u300c\u5e38\u6570\u9636\u300d\u3002
// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_A(int n) {\nSystem.out.println(0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nvoid algorithm_B(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {\nSystem.out.println(0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_C(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {\nSystem.out.println(0);\n}\n}\n
// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_A(int n) {\ncout << 0 << endl;\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nvoid algorithm_B(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {\ncout << 0 << endl;\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_C(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {\ncout << 0 << endl;\n}\n}\n
# \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\ndef algorithm_A(n: int) -> None:\nprint(0)\n# \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\ndef algorithm_B(n: int) -> None:\nfor _ in range(n):\nprint(0)\n# \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\ndef algorithm_C(n: int) -> None:\nfor _ in range(1000000):\nprint(0)\n
// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunc algorithm_A(n int) {\nfmt.Println(0)\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nfunc algorithm_B(n int) {\nfor i := 0; i < n; i++ {\nfmt.Println(0)\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunc algorithm_C(n int) {\nfor i := 0; i < 1000000; i++ {\nfmt.Println(0)\n}\n}\n
// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunction algorithm_A(n) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nfunction algorithm_B(n) {\nfor (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunction algorithm_C(n) {\nfor (let i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n}\n
// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunction algorithm_A(n: number): void {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nfunction algorithm_B(n: number): void {\nfor (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunction algorithm_C(n: number): void {\nfor (let i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n}\n
// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_A(int n) {\nprintf(\"%d\", 0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nvoid algorithm_B(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {\nprintf(\"%d\", 0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_C(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {\nprintf(\"%d\", 0);\n}\n}\n
// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_A(int n)\n{\nConsole.WriteLine(0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nvoid algorithm_B(int n)\n{\nfor (int i = 0; i < n; i++)\n{\nConsole.WriteLine(0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithm_C(int n)\n{\nfor (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++)\n{\nConsole.WriteLine(0);\n}\n}\n
// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunc algorithmA(n: Int) {\nprint(0)\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nfunc algorithmB(n: Int) {\nfor _ in 0 ..< n {\nprint(0)\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nfunc algorithmC(n: Int) {\nfor _ in 0 ..< 1000000 {\nprint(0)\n}\n}\n
\n
// \u7b97\u6cd5 A \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithmA(int n) {\nprint(0);\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 B \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u7ebf\u6027\u9636\nvoid algorithmB(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {\nprint(0);\n}\n}\n// \u7b97\u6cd5 C \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u9636\nvoid algorithmC(int n) {\nfor (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {\nprint(0);\n}\n}\n
Fig. \u7b97\u6cd5 A, B, C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf
\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7b97\u6cd5 A \u548c C \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u5dee\u522b\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7b97\u6cd5 B \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u6bd4 C \u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f \\(n\\) \u8f83\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5 B \u660e\u663e\u4f18\u4e8e\u7b97\u6cd5 C \u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u96be\u4ec5\u51ed\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5224\u65ad\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\u4f4e\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b58\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u8bc4\u5224\u7b97\u6cd5\u6548\u7387\u6700\u6709\u6548\u4e14\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i < 5 * n + 1; i++) {\nSystem.out.println(0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i < 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j < n + 1; j++) {\nSystem.out.println(0);\n}\n}\n}\n
void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i < 5 * n + 1; i++) {\ncout << 0 << endl;\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i < 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j < n + 1; j++) {\ncout << 0 << endl;\n}\n}\n}\n
def algorithm(n: int) -> None:\na = 1 # +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n # +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n# +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor i in range(5 * n + 1):\nprint(0)\n# +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor i in range(2 * n):\nfor j in range(n + 1):\nprint(0)\n
func algorithm(n int) {\na := 1 // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor i := 0; i < 5 * n + 1; i++ {\nfmt.Println(0)\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor i := 0; i < 2 * n; i++ {\nfor j := 0; j < n + 1; j++ {\nfmt.Println(0)\n}\n}\n}\n
function algorithm(n) {\nlet a = 1; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (let i = 0; i < 5 * n + 1; i++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (let i = 0; i < 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (let j = 0; j < n + 1; j++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n}\n}\n
function algorithm(n: number): void {\nlet a = 1; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (let i = 0; i < 5 * n + 1; i++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (let i = 0; i < 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (let j = 0; j < n + 1; j++) {\nconsole.log(0);\n}\n}\n}\n
void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i < 5 * n + 1; i++) {\nprintf(\"%d\", 0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i < 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j < n + 1; j++) {\nprintf(\"%d\", 0);\n}\n}\n}\n
void algorithm(int n)\n{\nint a = 1; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i < 5 * n + 1; i++)\n{\nConsole.WriteLine(0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i < 2 * n; i++)\n{\nfor (int j = 0; j < n + 1; j++)\n{\nConsole.WriteLine(0);\n}\n}\n}\n
func algorithm(n: Int) {\nvar a = 1 // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor _ in 0 ..< (5 * n + 1) {\nprint(0)\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor _ in 0 ..< (2 * n) {\nfor _ in 0 ..< (n + 1) {\nprint(0)\n}\n}\n}\n
\n
void algorithm(int n) {\nint a = 1; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\na = a + n; // +0\uff08\u6280\u5de7 1\uff09\n// +n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 2\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i < 5 * n + 1; i++) {\nprint(0);\n}\n// +n*n\uff08\u6280\u5de7 3\uff09\nfor (int i = 0; i < 2 * n; i++) {\nfor (int j = 0; j < n + 1; j++) {\nprint(0);\n}\n}\n}\n
\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u662f CPU \u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5728\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u5305\u62ec\uff1a
\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b byte , short , int , long \uff1b
/* \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u300c\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u300d\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u300c\u6570\u7ec4\u300d */\nint[] numbers = new int[5];\nfloat[] decimals = new float[5];\nchar[] characters = new char[5];\nboolean[] booleans = new boolean[5];\n
/* \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u300c\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u300d\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u300c\u6570\u7ec4\u300d */\nint[] numbers = new int[5];\nfloat[] decimals = new float[5];\nchar[] characters = new char[5];\nbool[] booleans = new bool[5];\n
C# \u4f7f\u7528 UTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u56e0\u4e3a .NET \u5e73\u53f0\u662f\u7531 Microsoft \u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\uff0c\u800c Microsoft \u7684\u5f88\u591a\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec Windows \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u90fd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5730\u4f7f\u7528 UTF-16 \u7f16\u7801\u3002
\u300c\u8def\u5f84 Path\u300d\uff1a\u4ece\u9876\u70b9 A \u5230\u9876\u70b9 B \u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684\u8fb9\u6784\u6210\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4ece A \u5230 B \u7684\u201c\u8def\u5f84\u201d\u3002\u5728\u4e0a\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fb9\u5e8f\u5217 1-5-2-4 \u662f\u9876\u70b9 1 \u5230\u9876\u70b9 4 \u7684\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u5f84\u3002
class GraphAdjList:\n\"\"\"\u57fa\u4e8e\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u5411\u56fe\u7c7b\"\"\"\ndef __init__(self, edges: list[list[Vertex]]) -> None:\n\"\"\"\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\"\"\"\n# \u90bb\u63a5\u8868\uff0ckey: \u9876\u70b9\uff0cvalue\uff1a\u8be5\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\nself.adj_list = dict[Vertex, Vertex]()\n# \u6dfb\u52a0\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u548c\u8fb9\nfor edge in edges:\nself.add_vertex(edge[0])\nself.add_vertex(edge[1])\nself.add_edge(edge[0], edge[1])\ndef size(self) -> int:\n\"\"\"\u83b7\u53d6\u9876\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\"\"\"\nreturn len(self.adj_list)\ndef add_edge(self, vet1: Vertex, vet2: Vertex) -> None:\n\"\"\"\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9\"\"\"\nif vet1 not in self.adj_list or vet2 not in self.adj_list or vet1 == vet2:\nraise ValueError()\n# \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2\nself.adj_list[vet1].append(vet2)\nself.adj_list[vet2].append(vet1)\ndef remove_edge(self, vet1: Vertex, vet2: Vertex) -> None:\n\"\"\"\u5220\u9664\u8fb9\"\"\"\nif vet1 not in self.adj_list or vet2 not in self.adj_list or vet1 == vet2:\nraise ValueError()\n# \u5220\u9664\u8fb9 vet1 - vet2\nself.adj_list[vet1].remove(vet2)\nself.adj_list[vet2].remove(vet1)\ndef add_vertex(self, vet: Vertex) -> None:\n\"\"\"\u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u70b9\"\"\"\nif vet in self.adj_list:\nreturn\n# \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u94fe\u8868\nself.adj_list[vet] = []\ndef remove_vertex(self, vet: Vertex) -> None:\n\"\"\"\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9\"\"\"\nif vet not in self.adj_list:\nraise ValueError()\n# \u5728\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u9876\u70b9 vet \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u94fe\u8868\nself.adj_list.pop(vet)\n# \u904d\u5386\u5176\u4ed6\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u5305\u542b vet \u7684\u8fb9\nfor vertex in self.adj_list:\nif vet in self.adj_list[vertex]:\nself.adj_list[vertex].remove(vet)\ndef print(self) -> None:\n\"\"\"\u6253\u5370\u90bb\u63a5\u8868\"\"\"\nprint(\"\u90bb\u63a5\u8868 =\")\nfor vertex in self.adj_list:\ntmp = [v.val for v in self.adj_list[vertex]]\nprint(f\"{vertex.val}: {tmp},\")\n
\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u4e0a\u4e0d\u540c\u8bed\u8a00\u7248\u672c\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff1a\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u662f\u201c\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fb9\u5e8f\u5217\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e2d\u6587\u7248\u662f\u201c\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u5e8f\u5217\u201d\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u539f\u6587\uff1aIn graph theory, a path in a graph is a finite or infinite sequence of edges which joins a sequence of vertices. \u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u8def\u5f84\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fb9\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u6761\u8fb9\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u6bcf\u6761\u8fb9\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u5f84\u3002
\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f18\u5316\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684\u8868\u793a\u4ee5\u7f13\u89e3\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u300c\u94fe\u5f0f\u5730\u5740 Separate Chaining\u300d\u548c\u300c\u5f00\u653e\u5bfb\u5740 Open Addressing\u300d\u3002
# \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\n# \u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 key->value\nfor key, value in mapp.items():\nprint(key, \"->\", value)\n# \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e key\nfor key in mapp.keys():\nprint(key)\n# \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c value\nfor value in mapp.values():\nprint(value)\n
hash_map_test.go
/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\n// \u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 key->value\nfor key, value := range mapp {\nfmt.Println(key, \"->\", value)\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e key\nfor key := range mapp {\nfmt.Println(key)\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c value\nfor _, value := range mapp {\nfmt.Println(value)\n}\n
hash_map.js
/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nconsole.info('\\n\u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 Key->Value');\nfor (const [k, v] of map.entries()) {\nconsole.info(k + ' -> ' + v);\n}\nconsole.info('\\n\u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e Key');\nfor (const k of map.keys()) {\nconsole.info(k);\n}\nconsole.info('\\n\u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c Value');\nfor (const v of map.values()) {\nconsole.info(v);\n}\n
hash_map.ts
/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\nconsole.info('\\n\u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 Key->Value');\nfor (const [k, v] of map.entries()) {\nconsole.info(k + ' -> ' + v);\n}\nconsole.info('\\n\u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e Key');\nfor (const k of map.keys()) {\nconsole.info(k);\n}\nconsole.info('\\n\u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c Value');\nfor (const v of map.values()) {\nconsole.info(v);\n}\n
hash_map.c
// C \u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u7f6e\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\n
hash_map.cs
/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\n// \u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 Key->Value\nforeach (var kv in map)\n{\nConsole.WriteLine(kv.Key + \" -> \" + kv.Value);\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e key\nforeach (int key in map.Keys)\n{\nConsole.WriteLine(key);\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c value\nforeach (String val in map.Values)\n{\nConsole.WriteLine(val);\n}\n
hash_map.swift
/* \u904d\u5386\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868 */\n// \u904d\u5386\u952e\u503c\u5bf9 Key->Value\nfor (key, value) in map {\nprint(\"\\(key) -> \\(value)\")\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u952e Key\nfor key in map.keys {\nprint(key)\n}\n// \u5355\u72ec\u904d\u5386\u503c Value\nfor value in map.values {\nprint(value)\n}\n
\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u5c06 key \u6620\u5c04\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\uff08\u6876\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8bbf\u95ee\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c value \u3002
\u7ed9\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20 val \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u5c06\u5176\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5806\u5e95\u3002\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e val \u53ef\u80fd\u5927\u4e8e\u5806\u4e2d\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5806\u7684\u6210\u7acb\u6761\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u88ab\u7834\u574f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u590d\u4ece\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u5230\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e0a\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u300c\u5806\u5316 Heapify\u300d\u3002
\u5c0f\u5230\u70f9\u996a\u4e00\u9053\u83dc\uff0c\u5927\u5230\u661f\u9645\u822a\u884c\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u90fd\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u7a0b\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u8c03\u7528 CPU \u548c GPU \u6267\u884c\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u80fd\u628a\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u89e3\u51b3\u5404\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u3002
\u300c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784 Data Structure\u300d\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u76ee\u6807\u5305\u62ec\uff1a
\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u8f6e\u201c\u5192\u6ce1\u201d\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u4ea4\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d flag \u6765\u76d1\u6d4b\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u51fa\u73b0\u5c31\u7acb\u5373\u8fd4\u56de\u3002
/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid bucketSort(float[] nums) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nint k = nums.length / 2;\nList<List<Float>> buckets = new ArrayList<>();\nfor (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {\nbuckets.add(new ArrayList<>());\n}\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor (float num : nums) {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nint i = (int) (num * k);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 i\nbuckets.get(i).add(num);\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor (List<Float> bucket : buckets) {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nCollections.sort(bucket);\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nint i = 0;\nfor (List<Float> bucket : buckets) {\nfor (float num : bucket) {\nnums[i++] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n
bucket_sort.cpp
/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid bucketSort(vector<float> &nums) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nint k = nums.size() / 2;\nvector<vector<float>> buckets(k);\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor (float num : nums) {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nint i = num * k;\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 bucket_idx\nbuckets[i].push_back(num);\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor (vector<float> &bucket : buckets) {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nsort(bucket.begin(), bucket.end());\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nint i = 0;\nfor (vector<float> &bucket : buckets) {\nfor (float num : bucket) {\nnums[i++] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n
bucket_sort.py
def bucket_sort(nums: list[float]) -> None:\n\"\"\"\u6876\u6392\u5e8f\"\"\"\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nk = len(nums) // 2\nbuckets = [[] for _ in range(k)]\n# 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor num in nums:\n# \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\ni = int(num * k)\n# \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 i\nbuckets[i].append(num)\n# 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f5\nfor bucket in buckets:\n# \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nbucket.sort()\n# 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\ni = 0\nfor bucket in buckets:\nfor num in bucket:\nnums[i] = num\ni += 1\n
bucket_sort.go
/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunc bucketSort(nums []float64) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nk := len(nums) / 2\nbuckets := make([][]float64, k)\nfor i := 0; i < k; i++ {\nbuckets[i] = make([]float64, 0)\n}\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor _, num := range nums {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\ni := int(num * float64(k))\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 i\nbuckets[i] = append(buckets[i], num)\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor i := 0; i < k; i++ {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u5207\u7247\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nsort.Float64s(buckets[i])\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\ni := 0\nfor _, bucket := range buckets {\nfor _, num := range bucket {\nnums[i] = num\ni++\n}\n}\n}\n
bucket_sort.js
/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunction bucketSort(nums) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nconst k = nums.length / 2;\nconst buckets = [];\nfor (let i = 0; i < k; i++) {\nbuckets.push([]);\n}\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor (const num of nums) {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nconst i = Math.floor(num * k);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 i\nbuckets[i].push(num);\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor (const bucket of buckets) {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nbucket.sort((a, b) => a - b);\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nlet i = 0;\nfor (const bucket of buckets) {\nfor (const num of bucket) {\nnums[i++] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n
bucket_sort.ts
/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunction bucketSort(nums: number[]): void {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nconst k = nums.length / 2;\nconst buckets: number[][] = [];\nfor (let i = 0; i < k; i++) {\nbuckets.push([]);\n}\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor (const num of nums) {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nconst i = Math.floor(num * k);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 i\nbuckets[i].push(num);\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor (const bucket of buckets) {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nbucket.sort((a, b) => a - b);\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nlet i = 0;\nfor (const bucket of buckets) {\nfor (const num of bucket) {\nnums[i++] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n
bucket_sort.c
/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid bucketSort(float nums[], int size) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nint k = size / 2;\nfloat **buckets = calloc(k, sizeof(float *));\nfor (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {\n// \u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u6700\u591a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u914d k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nbuckets[i] = calloc(ARRAY_SIZE, sizeof(float));\n}\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nint bucket_idx = nums[i] * k;\nint j = 0;\n// \u5982\u679c\u6876\u4e2d\u6709\u6570\u636e\u4e14\u6570\u636e\u5c0f\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u503c nums[i], \u8981\u5c06\u5176\u653e\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u6876\u7684\u540e\u9762\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e cpp \u4e2d\u7684 push_back\nwhile (buckets[bucket_idx][j] > 0 && buckets[bucket_idx][j] < nums[i]) {\nj++;\n}\nfloat temp = nums[i];\nwhile (j < ARRAY_SIZE && buckets[bucket_idx][j] > 0) {\nswap(&temp, &buckets[bucket_idx][j]);\nj++;\n}\nbuckets[bucket_idx][j] = temp;\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {\nqsort(buckets[i], ARRAY_SIZE, sizeof(float), compare_float);\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nfor (int i = 0, j = 0; j < k; j++) {\nfor (int l = 0; l < ARRAY_SIZE; l++) {\nif (buckets[j][l] > 0) {\nnums[i++] = buckets[j][l];\n}\n}\n}\n// \u91ca\u653e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\nfor (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {\nfree(buckets[i]);\n}\nfree(buckets);\n}\n
bucket_sort.cs
/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid bucketSort(float[] nums) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nint k = nums.Length / 2;\nList<List<float>> buckets = new List<List<float>>();\nfor (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {\nbuckets.Add(new List<float>());\n}\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nforeach (float num in nums) {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nint i = (int) (num * k);\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 i\nbuckets[i].Add(num);\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nforeach (List<float> bucket in buckets) {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nbucket.Sort();\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nint j = 0;\nforeach (List<float> bucket in buckets) {\nforeach (float num in bucket) {\nnums[j++] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n
bucket_sort.swift
/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunc bucketSort(nums: inout [Double]) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nlet k = nums.count / 2\nvar buckets = (0 ..< k).map { _ in [Double]() }\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor num in nums {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nlet i = Int(num * k)\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 i\nbuckets[i].append(num)\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor i in buckets.indices {\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\nbuckets[i].sort()\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nvar i = nums.startIndex\nfor bucket in buckets {\nfor num in bucket {\nnums[i] = num\nnums.formIndex(after: &i)\n}\n}\n}\n
bucket_sort.zig
[class]{}-[func]{bucketSort}\n
bucket_sort.dart
/* \u6876\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid bucketSort(List<double> nums) {\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316 k = n/2 \u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u9884\u671f\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u5206\u914d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nint k = nums.length ~/ 2;\nList<List<double>> buckets = List.generate(k, (index) => []);\n// 1. \u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\nfor (double num in nums) {\n// \u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4 [0, 1)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 num * k \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u8303\u56f4 [0, k-1]\nint i = (num * k).toInt();\n// \u5c06 num \u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6876 bucket_idx\nbuckets[i].add(num);\n}\n// 2. \u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u6876\u6267\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nfor (List<double> bucket in buckets) {\nbucket.sort();\n}\n// 3. \u904d\u5386\u6876\u5408\u5e76\u7ed3\u679c\nint i = 0;\nfor (List<double> bucket in buckets) {\nfor (double num in bucket) {\nnums[i++] = num;\n}\n}\n}\n
\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u4f55\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u539f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7ed3\u679c\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u8ba1\u7b97 counter \u7684\u300c\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u300d\u3002\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15 i \u5904\u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c prefix[i] \u7b49\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u524d i \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u548c\uff0c\u5373
\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u5177\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0cprefix[num] - 1 \u4ee3\u8868\u5143\u7d20 num \u5728\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u975e\u5e38\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u5404\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5e94\u8be5\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u54ea\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 num \uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u8f6e\u8fed\u4ee3\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\uff1a
\u5c06 num \u586b\u5165\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7684\u7d22\u5f15 prefix[num] - 1 \u5904\uff1b
\u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c prefix[num] \u51cf\u5c0f \\(1\\) \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff1b
\u904d\u5386\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u4e2d\u5c31\u662f\u6392\u5e8f\u597d\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4f7f\u7528 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums \u5373\u53ef\u3002
/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nvoid countingSort(int[] nums) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nint m = 0;\nfor (int num : nums) {\nm = Math.max(m, num);\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nint[] counter = new int[m + 1];\nfor (int num : nums) {\ncounter[num]++;\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i];\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nint n = nums.length;\nint[] res = new int[n];\nfor (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nint num = nums[i];\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num; // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num]--; // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {\nnums[i] = res[i];\n}\n}\n
counting_sort.cpp
/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nvoid countingSort(vector<int> &nums) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nint m = 0;\nfor (int num : nums) {\nm = max(m, num);\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nvector<int> counter(m + 1, 0);\nfor (int num : nums) {\ncounter[num]++;\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i];\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nint n = nums.size();\nvector<int> res(n);\nfor (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nint num = nums[i];\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num; // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num]--; // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nnums = res;\n}\n
counting_sort.py
def counting_sort(nums: list[int]) -> None:\n\"\"\"\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\"\"\"\n# \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\n# 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nm = max(nums)\n# 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n# counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\ncounter = [0] * (m + 1)\nfor num in nums:\ncounter[num] += 1\n# 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n# \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor i in range(m):\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i]\n# 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nn = len(nums)\nres = [0] * n\nfor i in range(n - 1, -1, -1):\nnum = nums[i]\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num # \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num] -= 1 # \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n# \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor i in range(n):\nnums[i] = res[i]\n
counting_sort.go
/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nfunc countingSort(nums []int) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nm := 0\nfor _, num := range nums {\nif num > m {\nm = num\n}\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\ncounter := make([]int, m+1)\nfor _, num := range nums {\ncounter[num]++\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor i := 0; i < m; i++ {\ncounter[i+1] += counter[i]\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nn := len(nums)\nres := make([]int, n)\nfor i := n - 1; i >= 0; i-- {\nnum := nums[i]\n// \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\nres[counter[num]-1] = num\n// \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\ncounter[num]--\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\ncopy(nums, res)\n}\n
counting_sort.js
/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nfunction countingSort(nums) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nlet m = 0;\nfor (const num of nums) {\nm = Math.max(m, num);\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nconst counter = new Array(m + 1).fill(0);\nfor (const num of nums) {\ncounter[num]++;\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (let i = 0; i < m; i++) {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i];\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nconst n = nums.length;\nconst res = new Array(n);\nfor (let i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nconst num = nums[i];\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num; // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num]--; // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {\nnums[i] = res[i];\n}\n}\n
counting_sort.ts
/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nfunction countingSort(nums: number[]): void {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nlet m = 0;\nfor (const num of nums) {\nm = Math.max(m, num);\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nconst counter: number[] = new Array<number>(m + 1).fill(0);\nfor (const num of nums) {\ncounter[num]++;\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (let i = 0; i < m; i++) {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i];\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nconst n = nums.length;\nconst res: number[] = new Array<number>(n);\nfor (let i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nconst num = nums[i];\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num; // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num]--; // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {\nnums[i] = res[i];\n}\n}\n
counting_sort.c
/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nvoid countingSort(int nums[], int size) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nint m = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {\nif (nums[i] > m) {\nm = nums[i];\n}\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nint *counter = malloc(sizeof(int) * m);\nfor (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {\ncounter[nums[i]]++;\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i];\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nint *res = malloc(sizeof(int) * size);\nfor (int i = size - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nint num = nums[i];\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num; // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num]--; // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nmemcpy(nums, res, size * sizeof(int));\n}\n
counting_sort.cs
/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nvoid countingSort(int[] nums) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nint m = 0;\nforeach (int num in nums) {\nm = Math.Max(m, num);\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nint[] counter = new int[m + 1];\nforeach (int num in nums) {\ncounter[num]++;\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i];\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nint n = nums.Length;\nint[] res = new int[n];\nfor (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nint num = nums[i];\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num; // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num]--; // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {\nnums[i] = res[i];\n}\n}\n
counting_sort.swift
/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nfunc countingSort(nums: inout [Int]) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nlet m = nums.max()!\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nvar counter = Array(repeating: 0, count: m + 1)\nfor num in nums {\ncounter[num] += 1\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor i in stride(from: 0, to: m, by: 1) {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i]\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nvar res = Array(repeating: 0, count: nums.count)\nfor i in stride(from: nums.count - 1, through: 0, by: -1) {\nlet num = nums[i]\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num] -= 1 // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nfor i in stride(from: 0, to: nums.count, by: 1) {\nnums[i] = res[i]\n}\n}\n
counting_sort.zig
[class]{}-[func]{countingSort}\n
counting_sort.dart
/* \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f */\n// \u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u6392\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\nvoid countingSort(List<int> nums) {\n// 1. \u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20 m\nint m = 0;\nfor (int num in nums) {\nm = max(m, num);\n}\n// 2. \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\n// counter[num] \u4ee3\u8868 num \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\nList<int> counter = List.filled(m + 1, 0);\nfor (int num in nums) {\ncounter[num]++;\n}\n// 3. \u6c42 counter \u7684\u524d\u7f00\u548c\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u201d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u5c3e\u7d22\u5f15\u201d\n// \u5373 counter[num]-1 \u662f num \u5728 res \u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nfor (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {\ncounter[i + 1] += counter[i];\n}\n// 4. \u5012\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 nums \uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res\n// \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 res \u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\nint n = nums.length;\nList<int> res = List.filled(n, 0);\nfor (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nint num = nums[i];\nres[counter[num] - 1] = num; // \u5c06 num \u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7d22\u5f15\u5904\ncounter[num]--; // \u4ee4\u524d\u7f00\u548c\u81ea\u51cf 1 \uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u653e\u7f6e num \u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n}\n// \u4f7f\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u7ec4 res \u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6570\u7ec4 nums\nnums.setAll(0, res);\n}\n
/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nvoid siftDown(int[] nums, int n, int i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nint l = 2 * i + 1;\nint r = 2 * i + 2;\nint ma = i;\nif (l < n && nums[l] > nums[ma])\nma = l;\nif (r < n && nums[r] > nums[ma])\nma = r;\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u9700\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma == i)\nbreak;\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nint temp = nums[i];\nnums[i] = nums[ma];\nnums[ma] = temp;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid heapSort(int[] nums) {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (int i = nums.length / 2 - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nsiftDown(nums, nums.length, i);\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor (int i = nums.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nint tmp = nums[0];\nnums[0] = nums[i];\nnums[i] = tmp;\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums, i, 0);\n}\n}\n
heap_sort.cpp
/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nvoid siftDown(vector<int> &nums, int n, int i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nint l = 2 * i + 1;\nint r = 2 * i + 2;\nint ma = i;\nif (l < n && nums[l] > nums[ma])\nma = l;\nif (r < n && nums[r] > nums[ma])\nma = r;\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u9700\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma == i) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nswap(nums[i], nums[ma]);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid heapSort(vector<int> &nums) {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (int i = nums.size() / 2 - 1; i >= 0; --i) {\nsiftDown(nums, nums.size(), i);\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor (int i = nums.size() - 1; i > 0; --i) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nswap(nums[0], nums[i]);\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums, i, 0);\n}\n}\n
heap_sort.py
def sift_down(nums: list[int], n: int, i: int):\n\"\"\"\u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316\"\"\"\nwhile True:\n# \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nl = 2 * i + 1\nr = 2 * i + 2\nma = i\nif l < n and nums[l] > nums[ma]:\nma = l\nif r < n and nums[r] > nums[ma]:\nma = r\n# \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u9700\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif ma == i:\nbreak\n# \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nnums[i], nums[ma] = nums[ma], nums[i]\n# \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma\ndef heap_sort(nums: list[int]):\n\"\"\"\u5806\u6392\u5e8f\"\"\"\n# \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor i in range(len(nums) // 2 - 1, -1, -1):\nsift_down(nums, len(nums), i)\n# \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor i in range(len(nums) - 1, 0, -1):\n# \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nnums[0], nums[i] = nums[i], nums[0]\n# \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsift_down(nums, i, 0)\n
heap_sort.go
/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nfunc siftDown(nums *[]int, n, i int) {\nfor true {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nl := 2*i + 1\nr := 2*i + 2\nma := i\nif l < n && (*nums)[l] > (*nums)[ma] {\nma = l\n}\nif r < n && (*nums)[r] > (*nums)[ma] {\nma = r\n}\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u9700\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif ma == i {\nbreak\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\n(*nums)[i], (*nums)[ma] = (*nums)[ma], (*nums)[i]\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunc heapSort(nums *[]int) {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor i := len(*nums)/2 - 1; i >= 0; i-- {\nsiftDown(nums, len(*nums), i)\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor i := len(*nums) - 1; i > 0; i-- {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\n(*nums)[0], (*nums)[i] = (*nums)[i], (*nums)[0]\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums, i, 0)\n}\n}\n
heap_sort.js
/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nfunction siftDown(nums, n, i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nlet l = 2 * i + 1;\nlet r = 2 * i + 2;\nlet ma = i;\nif (l < n && nums[l] > nums[ma]) {\nma = l;\n}\nif (r < n && nums[r] > nums[ma]) {\nma = r;\n}\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u9700\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma === i) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\n[nums[i], nums[ma]] = [nums[ma], nums[i]];\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunction heapSort(nums) {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (let i = Math.floor(nums.length / 2) - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nsiftDown(nums, nums.length, i);\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor (let i = nums.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\n[nums[0], nums[i]] = [nums[i], nums[0]];\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums, i, 0);\n}\n}\n
heap_sort.ts
/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nfunction siftDown(nums: number[], n: number, i: number): void {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nlet l = 2 * i + 1;\nlet r = 2 * i + 2;\nlet ma = i;\nif (l < n && nums[l] > nums[ma]) {\nma = l;\n}\nif (r < n && nums[r] > nums[ma]) {\nma = r;\n}\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u9700\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma === i) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\n[nums[i], nums[ma]] = [nums[ma], nums[i]];\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunction heapSort(nums: number[]): void {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (let i = Math.floor(nums.length / 2) - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nsiftDown(nums, nums.length, i);\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor (let i = nums.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\n[nums[0], nums[i]] = [nums[i], nums[0]];\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums, i, 0);\n}\n}\n
heap_sort.c
/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nvoid siftDown(int nums[], int n, int i) {\nwhile (1) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nint l = 2 * i + 1;\nint r = 2 * i + 2;\nint ma = i;\nif (l < n && nums[l] > nums[ma])\nma = l;\nif (r < n && nums[r] > nums[ma])\nma = r;\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u9700\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma == i) {\nbreak;\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nint temp = nums[i];\nnums[i] = nums[ma];\nnums[ma] = temp;\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid heapSort(int nums[], int n) {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (int i = n / 2 - 1; i >= 0; --i) {\nsiftDown(nums, n, i);\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor (int i = n - 1; i > 0; --i) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nint tmp = nums[0];\nnums[0] = nums[i];\nnums[i] = tmp;\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums, i, 0);\n}\n}\n
heap_sort.cs
/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nvoid siftDown(int[] nums, int n, int i) {\nwhile (true) {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nint l = 2 * i + 1;\nint r = 2 * i + 2;\nint ma = i;\nif (l < n && nums[l] > nums[ma])\nma = l;\nif (r < n && nums[r] > nums[ma])\nma = r;\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u9700\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif (ma == i)\nbreak;\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\n(nums[ma], nums[i]) = (nums[i], nums[ma]);\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma;\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nvoid heapSort(int[] nums) {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor (int i = nums.Length / 2 - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\nsiftDown(nums, nums.Length, i);\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor (int i = nums.Length - 1; i > 0; i--) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\n(nums[i], nums[0]) = (nums[0], nums[i]);\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums, i, 0);\n}\n}\n
heap_sort.swift
/* \u5806\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \uff0c\u4ece\u8282\u70b9 i \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u5806\u5316 */\nfunc siftDown(nums: inout [Int], n: Int, i: Int) {\nvar i = i\nwhile true {\n// \u5224\u65ad\u8282\u70b9 i, l, r \u4e2d\u503c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8bb0\u4e3a ma\nlet l = 2 * i + 1\nlet r = 2 * i + 2\nvar ma = i\nif l < n, nums[l] > nums[ma] {\nma = l\n}\nif r < n, nums[r] > nums[ma] {\nma = r\n}\n// \u82e5\u8282\u70b9 i \u6700\u5927\u6216\u7d22\u5f15 l, r \u8d8a\u754c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u9700\u7ee7\u7eed\u5806\u5316\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\nif ma == i {\nbreak\n}\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u8282\u70b9\nnums.swapAt(i, ma)\n// \u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u5806\u5316\ni = ma\n}\n}\n/* \u5806\u6392\u5e8f */\nfunc heapSort(nums: inout [Int]) {\n// \u5efa\u5806\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5806\u5316\u9664\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\nfor i in stride(from: nums.count / 2 - 1, through: 0, by: -1) {\nsiftDown(nums: &nums, n: nums.count, i: i)\n}\n// \u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5faa\u73af n-1 \u8f6e\nfor i in stride(from: nums.count - 1, to: 0, by: -1) {\n// \u4ea4\u6362\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u6700\u53f3\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u5373\u4ea4\u6362\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u4e0e\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\uff09\nnums.swapAt(0, i)\n// \u4ee5\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9876\u81f3\u5e95\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u5316\nsiftDown(nums: &nums, n: i, i: 0)\n}\n}\n
\u56de\u5fc6\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8bbe\u57fa\u51c6\u5143\u7d20\u4e3a base \uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u4ece\u76ee\u6807\u7d22\u5f15\u5230 base \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u5c06 base \u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u76ee\u6807\u7d22\u5f15\u3002
\u9009\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7b2c 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a base \uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u524d 2 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u3002
\u9009\u53d6\u7b2c 3 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a base \uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u524d 3 \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u3002
\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\uff0c\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u8f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u9009\u53d6\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a base \uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u540e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5747\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u3002
\u9009\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u6700\u5de6\u7aef\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u6570\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488 i \u548c j \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4e24\u7aef\uff1b
\u300c\u961f\u5217 Queue\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9075\u5faa\u5148\u5165\u5148\u51fa\uff08First In, First Out\uff09\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u961f\u5217\u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u6392\u961f\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5373\u65b0\u6765\u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u65ad\u52a0\u5165\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\uff0c\u800c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u961f\u5217\u5934\u90e8\u7684\u4eba\u9010\u4e2a\u79bb\u5f00\u3002
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u73af\u5f62\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8ba9 front \u6216 rear \u5728\u8d8a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u5c3e\u90e8\u65f6\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u56de\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u5934\u90e8\u7ee7\u7eed\u904d\u5386\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5468\u671f\u6027\u89c4\u5f8b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u53d6\u4f59\u64cd\u4f5c\u201d\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002
\u300c\u6808 Stack\u300d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9075\u5faa\u5148\u5165\u540e\u51fa\uff08First In, Last Out\uff09\u539f\u5219\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002
\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5f53\u5165\u6808\u4e0e\u51fa\u6808\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u5982 int , double \uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a
\u5982\u679c\u540e\u7eed\u4ecd\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5f39\u51fa\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u82e5\u4e4b\u540e\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\uff0cJava \u548c Python \u7b49\u8bed\u8a00\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u52a8\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\uff1b\u5728 C \u548c C++ \u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u3002
G. M. Adelson-Velsky \u548c E. M. Landis \u5728\u5176 1962 \u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8bba\u6587 \"An algorithm for the organization of information\" \u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u300cAVL \u6811\u300d\u3002\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u6301\u7eed\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u540e\uff0cAVL \u6811\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9000\u5316\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4fdd\u6301\u5728 \\(O(\\log n)\\) \u7ea7\u522b\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u9700\u8981\u9891\u7e41\u8fdb\u884c\u589e\u5220\u67e5\u6539\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0cAVL \u6811\u80fd\u59cb\u7ec8\u4fdd\u6301\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4ef7\u503c\u3002
\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\uff0c\u53f3\u65cb\u548c\u5de6\u65cb\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u662f\u955c\u50cf\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u5931\u8861\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u662f\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u4ece\u53f3\u65cb\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u5de6\u65cb\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u5730\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5c06\u300c\u53f3\u65cb\u300d\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u628a\u6240\u6709\u7684 left \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a right \uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7684 right \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a left \uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u300c\u5de6\u65cb\u300d\u4ee3\u7801\u3002
\u7ed9\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u503c num \uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 cur \uff0c\u4ece\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9 root \u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u6bd4\u8f83\u8282\u70b9\u503c cur.val \u548c num \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5173\u7cfb
\u82e5 cur.val < num \uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6267\u884c cur = cur.right \uff1b
\u82e5 cur.val > num \uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u5728 cur \u7684\u5de6\u5b50\u6811\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6267\u884c cur = cur.left \uff1b
\u82e5 cur.val = num \uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\uff1b
\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f85\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20 num \uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u6301\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u201c\u5de6\u5b50\u6811 < \u6839\u8282\u70b9 < \u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u201d\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u6b65\uff1a
\u67e5\u627e\u63d2\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a\u4e0e\u67e5\u627e\u64cd\u4f5c\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4ece\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u524d\u8282\u70b9\u503c\u548c num \u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5173\u7cfb\u5faa\u73af\u5411\u4e0b\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8d8a\u8fc7\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u904d\u5386\u81f3 \\(\\text{null}\\) \uff09\u65f6\u8df3\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\uff1b
\u5728\u8be5\u4f4d\u7f6e\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\uff1a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8282\u70b9 num \uff0c\u5c06\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u7f6e\u4e8e \\(\\text{null}\\) \u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1b
\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5229\u7528\u8f85\u52a9\u8282\u70b9 pre \u4fdd\u5b58\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f6e\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5728\u904d\u5386\u81f3 \\(\\text{null}\\) \u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u5176\u7236\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b8c\u6210\u8282\u70b9\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002
\u300c\u5b8c\u6ee1\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811 Full Binary Tree\u300d\u9664\u4e86\u53f6\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u3002
