mirror of
https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
synced 2024-12-24 10:26:27 +08:00
feat(go/tree): support array binary tree (#655)
This commit is contained in:
parent
027bdd6510
commit
575bcf58ef
15 changed files with 226 additions and 81 deletions
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@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ func preOrderI(root *TreeNode, res *[]*TreeNode) {
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if root == nil {
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return
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}
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if int(root.Val) == 7 {
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if (root.Val).(int) == 7 {
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// 记录解
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*res = append(*res, root)
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}
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@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ func preOrderII(root *TreeNode, res *[][]*TreeNode, path *[]*TreeNode) {
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}
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// 尝试
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*path = append(*path, root)
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if int(root.Val) == 7 {
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if root.Val.(int) == 7 {
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// 记录解
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*res = append(*res, *path)
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}
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@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ func preOrderIII(root *TreeNode, res *[][]*TreeNode, path *[]*TreeNode) {
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}
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// 尝试
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*path = append(*path, root)
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if int(root.Val) == 7 {
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if root.Val.(int) == 7 {
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// 记录解
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*res = append(*res, *path)
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*path = (*path)[:len(*path)-1]
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@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import (
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func TestPreorderTraversalICompact(t *testing.T) {
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/* 初始化二叉树 */
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root := ArrToTree([]any{1, 7, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7})
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root := SliceToTree([]any{1, 7, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7})
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fmt.Println("\n初始化二叉树")
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PrintTree(root)
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@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ func TestPreorderTraversalICompact(t *testing.T) {
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func TestPreorderTraversalIICompact(t *testing.T) {
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/* 初始化二叉树 */
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root := ArrToTree([]any{1, 7, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7})
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root := SliceToTree([]any{1, 7, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7})
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fmt.Println("\n初始化二叉树")
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PrintTree(root)
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@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ func TestPreorderTraversalIICompact(t *testing.T) {
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func TestPreorderTraversalIIICompact(t *testing.T) {
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/* 初始化二叉树 */
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root := ArrToTree([]any{1, 7, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7})
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root := SliceToTree([]any{1, 7, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7})
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fmt.Println("\n初始化二叉树")
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PrintTree(root)
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@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ func TestPreorderTraversalIIICompact(t *testing.T) {
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func TestPreorderTraversalIIITemplate(t *testing.T) {
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/* 初始化二叉树 */
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root := ArrToTree([]any{1, 7, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7})
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root := SliceToTree([]any{1, 7, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7})
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fmt.Println("\n初始化二叉树")
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PrintTree(root)
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101
codes/go/chapter_tree/array_binary_tree.go
Normal file
101
codes/go/chapter_tree/array_binary_tree.go
Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
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// File: array_binary_tree.go
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// Created Time: 2023-07-24
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// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
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package chapter_tree
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/* 数组表示下的二叉树类 */
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type arrayBinaryTree struct {
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tree []any
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}
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/* 构造方法 */
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func newArrayBinaryTree(arr []any) *arrayBinaryTree {
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return &arrayBinaryTree{
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tree: arr,
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}
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}
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/* 节点数量 */
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func (abt *arrayBinaryTree) size() int {
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return len(abt.tree)
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}
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/* 获取索引为 i 节点的值 */
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func (abt *arrayBinaryTree) val(i int) any {
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// 若索引越界,则返回 null ,代表空位
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if i < 0 || i >= abt.size() {
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return nil
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}
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return abt.tree[i]
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}
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/* 获取索引为 i 节点的左子节点的索引 */
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func (abt *arrayBinaryTree) left(i int) int {
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return 2*i + 1
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}
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/* 获取索引为 i 节点的右子节点的索引 */
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func (abt *arrayBinaryTree) right(i int) int {
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return 2*i + 2
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}
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/* 获取索引为 i 节点的父节点的索引 */
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func (abt *arrayBinaryTree) parent(i int) int {
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return (i - 1) / 2
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}
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/* 层序遍历 */
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func (abt *arrayBinaryTree) levelOrder() []any {
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var res []any
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// 直接遍历数组
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for i := 0; i < abt.size(); i++ {
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if abt.val(i) != nil {
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res = append(res, abt.val(i))
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}
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}
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return res
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}
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/* 深度优先遍历 */
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func (abt *arrayBinaryTree) dfs(i int, order string, res *[]any) {
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// 若为空位,则返回
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if abt.val(i) == nil {
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return
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}
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// 前序遍历
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if order == "pre" {
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*res = append(*res, abt.val(i))
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}
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abt.dfs(abt.left(i), order, res)
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// 中序遍历
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if order == "in" {
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*res = append(*res, abt.val(i))
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}
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abt.dfs(abt.right(i), order, res)
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// 后序遍历
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if order == "post" {
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*res = append(*res, abt.val(i))
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}
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}
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/* 前序遍历 */
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func (abt *arrayBinaryTree) preOrder() []any {
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var res []any
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abt.dfs(0, "pre", &res)
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return res
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}
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/* 中序遍历 */
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func (abt *arrayBinaryTree) inOrder() []any {
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var res []any
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abt.dfs(0, "in", &res)
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return res
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}
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/* 后序遍历 */
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func (abt *arrayBinaryTree) postOrder() []any {
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var res []any
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abt.dfs(0, "post", &res)
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return res
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}
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47
codes/go/chapter_tree/array_binary_tree_test.go
Normal file
47
codes/go/chapter_tree/array_binary_tree_test.go
Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
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// File: array_binary_tree_test.go
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// Created Time: 2023-07-24
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// Author: Reanon (793584285@qq.com)
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package chapter_tree
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import (
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"fmt"
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"testing"
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. "github.com/krahets/hello-algo/pkg"
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)
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func TestArrayBinaryTree(t *testing.T) {
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// 初始化二叉树
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// 这里借助了一个从数组直接生成二叉树的函数
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arr := []any{1, 2, 3, 4, nil, 6, 7, 8, 9, nil, nil, 12, nil, nil, 15}
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root := SliceToTree(arr)
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fmt.Println("\n初始化二叉树")
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fmt.Println("二叉树的数组表示:")
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fmt.Println(arr)
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fmt.Println("二叉树的链表表示:")
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PrintTree(root)
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// 数组表示下的二叉树类
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abt := newArrayBinaryTree(arr)
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// 访问节点
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i := 1
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l := abt.left(i)
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r := abt.right(i)
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p := abt.parent(i)
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fmt.Println("\n当前节点的索引为", i, ",值为", abt.val(i))
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fmt.Println("其左子节点的索引为", l, ",值为", abt.val(l))
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fmt.Println("其右子节点的索引为", r, ",值为", abt.val(r))
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fmt.Println("其父节点的索引为", p, ",值为", abt.val(p))
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// 遍历树
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res := abt.levelOrder()
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fmt.Println("\n层序遍历为:", res)
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res = abt.preOrder()
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fmt.Println("前序遍历为:", res)
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res = abt.inOrder()
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fmt.Println("中序遍历为:", res)
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res = abt.postOrder()
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fmt.Println("后序遍历为:", res)
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}
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@ -117,9 +117,9 @@ func (t *aVLTree) insertHelper(node *TreeNode, val int) *TreeNode {
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return NewTreeNode(val)
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}
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/* 1. 查找插入位置,并插入节点 */
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if val < node.Val {
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if val < node.Val.(int) {
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node.Left = t.insertHelper(node.Left, val)
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} else if val > node.Val {
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} else if val > node.Val.(int) {
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node.Right = t.insertHelper(node.Right, val)
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} else {
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// 重复节点不插入,直接返回
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@ -144,9 +144,9 @@ func (t *aVLTree) removeHelper(node *TreeNode, val int) *TreeNode {
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return nil
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}
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/* 1. 查找节点,并删除之 */
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if val < node.Val {
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if val < node.Val.(int) {
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node.Left = t.removeHelper(node.Left, val)
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} else if val > node.Val {
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} else if val > node.Val.(int) {
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node.Right = t.removeHelper(node.Right, val)
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} else {
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if node.Left == nil || node.Right == nil {
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@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ func (t *aVLTree) removeHelper(node *TreeNode, val int) *TreeNode {
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for temp.Left != nil {
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temp = temp.Left
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}
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node.Right = t.removeHelper(node.Right, temp.Val)
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node.Right = t.removeHelper(node.Right, temp.Val.(int))
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node.Val = temp.Val
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}
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}
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@ -184,10 +184,10 @@ func (t *aVLTree) search(val int) *TreeNode {
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cur := t.root
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// 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
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for cur != nil {
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if cur.Val < val {
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if cur.Val.(int) < val {
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// 目标节点在 cur 的右子树中
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cur = cur.Right
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} else if cur.Val > val {
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} else if cur.Val.(int) > val {
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// 目标节点在 cur 的左子树中
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cur = cur.Left
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} else {
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@ -47,10 +47,10 @@ func (bst *binarySearchTree) search(num int) *TreeNode {
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node := bst.root
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// 循环查找,越过叶节点后跳出
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for node != nil {
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if node.Val < num {
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if node.Val.(int) < num {
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// 目标节点在 cur 的右子树中
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node = node.Right
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} else if node.Val > num {
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} else if node.Val.(int) > num {
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// 目标节点在 cur 的左子树中
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node = node.Left
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} else {
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@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ func (bst *binarySearchTree) insert(num int) {
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return
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}
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pre = cur
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if cur.Val < num {
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if cur.Val.(int) < num {
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cur = cur.Right
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} else {
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cur = cur.Left
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@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ func (bst *binarySearchTree) insert(num int) {
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}
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// 插入节点
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node := NewTreeNode(num)
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if pre.Val < num {
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if pre.Val.(int) < num {
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pre.Right = node
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} else {
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pre.Left = node
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@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ func (bst *binarySearchTree) remove(num int) {
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break
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}
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pre = cur
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if cur.Val < num {
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if cur.Val.(int) < num {
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// 待删除节点在右子树中
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cur = cur.Right
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} else {
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@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ func (bst *binarySearchTree) remove(num int) {
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tmp = tmp.Left
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}
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// 递归删除节点 tmp
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bst.remove(tmp.Val)
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bst.remove(tmp.Val.(int))
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// 用 tmp 覆盖 cur
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cur.Val = tmp.Val
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}
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@ -11,12 +11,12 @@ import (
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)
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/* 层序遍历 */
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func levelOrder(root *TreeNode) []int {
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func levelOrder(root *TreeNode) []any {
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// 初始化队列,加入根节点
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queue := list.New()
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queue.PushBack(root)
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// 初始化一个切片,用于保存遍历序列
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nums := make([]int, 0)
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nums := make([]any, 0)
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for queue.Len() > 0 {
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// 队列出队
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node := queue.Remove(queue.Front()).(*TreeNode)
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@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import (
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func TestLevelOrder(t *testing.T) {
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/* 初始化二叉树 */
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// 这里借助了一个从数组直接生成二叉树的函数
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root := ArrToTree([]any{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7})
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root := SliceToTree([]any{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7})
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fmt.Println("\n初始化二叉树: ")
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PrintTree(root)
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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import (
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. "github.com/krahets/hello-algo/pkg"
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)
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var nums []int
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var nums []any
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/* 前序遍历 */
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func preOrder(node *TreeNode) {
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@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import (
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func TestPreInPostOrderTraversal(t *testing.T) {
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/* 初始化二叉树 */
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// 这里借助了一个从数组直接生成二叉树的函数
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root := ArrToTree([]any{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7})
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root := SliceToTree([]any{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7})
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fmt.Println("\n初始化二叉树: ")
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PrintTree(root)
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@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ func PrintHeap(h []any) {
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fmt.Printf("堆的数组表示:")
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fmt.Printf("%v", h)
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fmt.Printf("\n堆的树状表示:\n")
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root := ArrToTree(h)
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root := SliceToTree(h)
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PrintTree(root)
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}
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@ -4,18 +4,14 @@
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package pkg
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import (
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"container/list"
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)
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type TreeNode struct {
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Val int // 节点值
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Val any // 节点值
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Height int // 节点高度
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Left *TreeNode // 左子节点引用
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Right *TreeNode // 右子节点引用
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}
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func NewTreeNode(v int) *TreeNode {
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func NewTreeNode(v any) *TreeNode {
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return &TreeNode{
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Val: v,
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Height: 0,
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@ -24,56 +20,57 @@ func NewTreeNode(v int) *TreeNode {
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}
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}
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// ArrToTree Generate a binary tree given an array
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func ArrToTree(arr []any) *TreeNode {
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if len(arr) <= 0 {
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// 序列化编码规则请参考:
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// https://www.hello-algo.com/chapter_tree/array_representation_of_tree/
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// 二叉树的数组表示:
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// [1, 2, 3, 4, nil, 6, 7, 8, 9, nil, nil, 12, nil, nil, 15]
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// 二叉树的链表表示:
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//
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// /——— 15
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// /——— 7
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// /——— 3
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// | \——— 6
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// | \——— 12
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//
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// ——— 1
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//
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// \——— 2
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// | /——— 9
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// \——— 4
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// \——— 8
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// SliceToTreeDFS 将列表反序列化为二叉树:递归
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func SliceToTreeDFS(arr []any, i int) *TreeNode {
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if i < 0 || i >= len(arr) || arr[i] == nil {
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return nil
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}
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// TreeNode only accept integer value for now.
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root := NewTreeNode(arr[0].(int))
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// Let container.list as queue
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queue := list.New()
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queue.PushBack(root)
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i := 0
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for queue.Len() > 0 {
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// 队首元素出队
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node := queue.Remove(queue.Front()).(*TreeNode)
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i++
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if i < len(arr) {
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if arr[i] != nil {
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node.Left = NewTreeNode(arr[i].(int))
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queue.PushBack(node.Left)
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}
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}
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i++
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if i < len(arr) {
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if arr[i] != nil {
|
||||
node.Right = NewTreeNode(arr[i].(int))
|
||||
queue.PushBack(node.Right)
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
root := NewTreeNode(arr[i])
|
||||
root.Left = SliceToTreeDFS(arr, 2*i+1)
|
||||
root.Right = SliceToTreeDFS(arr, 2*i+2)
|
||||
return root
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// TreeToArray Serialize a binary tree to a list
|
||||
func TreeToArray(root *TreeNode) []any {
|
||||
if root == nil {
|
||||
return []any{}
|
||||
}
|
||||
arr := make([]any, 0)
|
||||
queue := list.New()
|
||||
queue.PushBack(root)
|
||||
for queue.Len() > 0 {
|
||||
node := queue.Remove(queue.Front()).(*TreeNode)
|
||||
if node != nil {
|
||||
arr = append(arr, node.Val)
|
||||
queue.PushBack(node.Left)
|
||||
queue.PushBack(node.Right)
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
// node don't exist.
|
||||
arr = append(arr, nil)
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
return arr
|
||||
// SliceToTree 将切片反序列化为二叉树
|
||||
func SliceToTree(arr []any) *TreeNode {
|
||||
return SliceToTreeDFS(arr, 0)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// TreeToSliceDFS 将二叉树序列化为切片:递归
|
||||
func TreeToSliceDFS(root *TreeNode, i int, res *[]any) {
|
||||
if root == nil {
|
||||
return
|
||||
}
|
||||
for i >= len(*res) {
|
||||
*res = append(*res, nil)
|
||||
}
|
||||
(*res)[i] = root.Val
|
||||
TreeToSliceDFS(root.Left, 2*i+1, res)
|
||||
TreeToSliceDFS(root.Right, 2*i+2, res)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// TreeToSlice 将二叉树序列化为切片
|
||||
func TreeToSlice(root *TreeNode) []any {
|
||||
var res []any
|
||||
TreeToSliceDFS(root, 0, &res)
|
||||
return res
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ import (
|
|||
|
||||
func TestTreeNode(t *testing.T) {
|
||||
arr := []any{1, 2, 3, nil, 5, 6, nil}
|
||||
node := ArrToTree(arr)
|
||||
node := SliceToTree(arr)
|
||||
|
||||
// print tree
|
||||
PrintTree(node)
|
||||
|
||||
// tree to arr
|
||||
fmt.Println(TreeToArray(node))
|
||||
fmt.Println(TreeToSlice(node))
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
Loading…
Reference in a new issue