2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
|
|
|
* File: hash_map_chaining.cs
|
|
|
|
|
* Created Time: 2023-06-26
|
|
|
|
|
* Author: hpstory (hpstory1024@163.com)
|
|
|
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
namespace hello_algo.chapter_hashing;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 链式地址哈希表 */
|
|
|
|
|
class HashMapChaining {
|
|
|
|
|
int size; // 键值对数量
|
|
|
|
|
int capacity; // 哈希表容量
|
2023-11-26 23:18:44 +08:00
|
|
|
|
double loadThres; // 触发扩容的负载因子阈值
|
|
|
|
|
int extendRatio; // 扩容倍数
|
2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
List<List<Pair>> buckets; // 桶数组
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 构造方法 */
|
|
|
|
|
public HashMapChaining() {
|
|
|
|
|
size = 0;
|
|
|
|
|
capacity = 4;
|
2023-09-24 20:38:21 +08:00
|
|
|
|
loadThres = 2.0 / 3.0;
|
2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
extendRatio = 2;
|
|
|
|
|
buckets = new List<List<Pair>>(capacity);
|
|
|
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < capacity; i++) {
|
2023-11-26 23:18:44 +08:00
|
|
|
|
buckets.Add([]);
|
2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 哈希函数 */
|
2023-11-26 23:18:44 +08:00
|
|
|
|
int HashFunc(int key) {
|
2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
return key % capacity;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 负载因子 */
|
2023-11-26 23:18:44 +08:00
|
|
|
|
double LoadFactor() {
|
2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
return (double)size / capacity;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 查询操作 */
|
2023-10-08 01:33:46 +08:00
|
|
|
|
public string? Get(int key) {
|
|
|
|
|
int index = HashFunc(key);
|
2023-12-28 18:06:09 +08:00
|
|
|
|
// 遍历桶,若找到 key ,则返回对应 val
|
2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
foreach (Pair pair in buckets[index]) {
|
|
|
|
|
if (pair.key == key) {
|
|
|
|
|
return pair.val;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
2023-12-28 18:06:09 +08:00
|
|
|
|
// 若未找到 key ,则返回 null
|
2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
return null;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 添加操作 */
|
2023-10-08 01:33:46 +08:00
|
|
|
|
public void Put(int key, string val) {
|
2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
// 当负载因子超过阈值时,执行扩容
|
2023-10-08 01:33:46 +08:00
|
|
|
|
if (LoadFactor() > loadThres) {
|
|
|
|
|
Extend();
|
2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
2023-10-08 01:33:46 +08:00
|
|
|
|
int index = HashFunc(key);
|
2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
// 遍历桶,若遇到指定 key ,则更新对应 val 并返回
|
|
|
|
|
foreach (Pair pair in buckets[index]) {
|
|
|
|
|
if (pair.key == key) {
|
|
|
|
|
pair.val = val;
|
|
|
|
|
return;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
// 若无该 key ,则将键值对添加至尾部
|
|
|
|
|
buckets[index].Add(new Pair(key, val));
|
|
|
|
|
size++;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 删除操作 */
|
2023-10-08 01:33:46 +08:00
|
|
|
|
public void Remove(int key) {
|
|
|
|
|
int index = HashFunc(key);
|
2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
// 遍历桶,从中删除键值对
|
2023-08-01 17:05:40 +08:00
|
|
|
|
foreach (Pair pair in buckets[index].ToList()) {
|
2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
if (pair.key == key) {
|
|
|
|
|
buckets[index].Remove(pair);
|
2023-08-01 17:05:40 +08:00
|
|
|
|
size--;
|
|
|
|
|
break;
|
2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 扩容哈希表 */
|
2023-11-26 23:18:44 +08:00
|
|
|
|
void Extend() {
|
2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
// 暂存原哈希表
|
|
|
|
|
List<List<Pair>> bucketsTmp = buckets;
|
|
|
|
|
// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表
|
|
|
|
|
capacity *= extendRatio;
|
|
|
|
|
buckets = new List<List<Pair>>(capacity);
|
|
|
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < capacity; i++) {
|
2023-11-26 23:18:44 +08:00
|
|
|
|
buckets.Add([]);
|
2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
size = 0;
|
|
|
|
|
// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表
|
|
|
|
|
foreach (List<Pair> bucket in bucketsTmp) {
|
|
|
|
|
foreach (Pair pair in bucket) {
|
2023-10-08 01:33:46 +08:00
|
|
|
|
Put(pair.key, pair.val);
|
2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 打印哈希表 */
|
2023-10-08 01:33:46 +08:00
|
|
|
|
public void Print() {
|
2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
foreach (List<Pair> bucket in buckets) {
|
2023-11-26 23:18:44 +08:00
|
|
|
|
List<string> res = [];
|
2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
foreach (Pair pair in bucket) {
|
|
|
|
|
res.Add(pair.key + " -> " + pair.val);
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
foreach (string kv in res) {
|
|
|
|
|
Console.WriteLine(kv);
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
public class hash_map_chaining {
|
|
|
|
|
[Test]
|
|
|
|
|
public void Test() {
|
|
|
|
|
/* 初始化哈希表 */
|
2023-10-08 01:33:46 +08:00
|
|
|
|
HashMapChaining map = new();
|
2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 添加操作 */
|
|
|
|
|
// 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
|
2023-10-08 01:33:46 +08:00
|
|
|
|
map.Put(12836, "小哈");
|
|
|
|
|
map.Put(15937, "小啰");
|
|
|
|
|
map.Put(16750, "小算");
|
|
|
|
|
map.Put(13276, "小法");
|
|
|
|
|
map.Put(10583, "小鸭");
|
2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
Console.WriteLine("\n添加完成后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value");
|
2023-10-08 01:33:46 +08:00
|
|
|
|
map.Print();
|
2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 查询操作 */
|
2023-12-28 18:06:09 +08:00
|
|
|
|
// 向哈希表中输入键 key ,得到值 value
|
2023-10-08 01:33:46 +08:00
|
|
|
|
string? name = map.Get(13276);
|
2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
Console.WriteLine("\n输入学号 13276 ,查询到姓名 " + name);
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 删除操作 */
|
|
|
|
|
// 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
|
2023-10-08 01:33:46 +08:00
|
|
|
|
map.Remove(12836);
|
2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
Console.WriteLine("\n删除 12836 后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value");
|
2023-10-08 01:33:46 +08:00
|
|
|
|
map.Print();
|
2023-06-26 23:08:55 +08:00
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|