mirror of
https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
synced 2024-12-28 22:46:30 +08:00
142 lines
3.5 KiB
Swift
142 lines
3.5 KiB
Swift
|
/**
|
|||
|
* File: array_binary_tree.swift
|
|||
|
* Created Time: 2023-07-23
|
|||
|
* Author: nuomi1 (nuomi1@qq.com)
|
|||
|
*/
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
import utils
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
/* 陣列表示下的二元樹類別 */
|
|||
|
class ArrayBinaryTree {
|
|||
|
private var tree: [Int?]
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
/* 建構子 */
|
|||
|
init(arr: [Int?]) {
|
|||
|
tree = arr
|
|||
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
/* 串列容量 */
|
|||
|
func size() -> Int {
|
|||
|
tree.count
|
|||
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
/* 獲取索引為 i 節點的值 */
|
|||
|
func val(i: Int) -> Int? {
|
|||
|
// 若索引越界,則返回 null ,代表空位
|
|||
|
if i < 0 || i >= size() {
|
|||
|
return nil
|
|||
|
}
|
|||
|
return tree[i]
|
|||
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
/* 獲取索引為 i 節點的左子節點的索引 */
|
|||
|
func left(i: Int) -> Int {
|
|||
|
2 * i + 1
|
|||
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
/* 獲取索引為 i 節點的右子節點的索引 */
|
|||
|
func right(i: Int) -> Int {
|
|||
|
2 * i + 2
|
|||
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
/* 獲取索引為 i 節點的父節點的索引 */
|
|||
|
func parent(i: Int) -> Int {
|
|||
|
(i - 1) / 2
|
|||
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
/* 層序走訪 */
|
|||
|
func levelOrder() -> [Int] {
|
|||
|
var res: [Int] = []
|
|||
|
// 直接走訪陣列
|
|||
|
for i in 0 ..< size() {
|
|||
|
if let val = val(i: i) {
|
|||
|
res.append(val)
|
|||
|
}
|
|||
|
}
|
|||
|
return res
|
|||
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
/* 深度優先走訪 */
|
|||
|
private func dfs(i: Int, order: String, res: inout [Int]) {
|
|||
|
// 若為空位,則返回
|
|||
|
guard let val = val(i: i) else {
|
|||
|
return
|
|||
|
}
|
|||
|
// 前序走訪
|
|||
|
if order == "pre" {
|
|||
|
res.append(val)
|
|||
|
}
|
|||
|
dfs(i: left(i: i), order: order, res: &res)
|
|||
|
// 中序走訪
|
|||
|
if order == "in" {
|
|||
|
res.append(val)
|
|||
|
}
|
|||
|
dfs(i: right(i: i), order: order, res: &res)
|
|||
|
// 後序走訪
|
|||
|
if order == "post" {
|
|||
|
res.append(val)
|
|||
|
}
|
|||
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
/* 前序走訪 */
|
|||
|
func preOrder() -> [Int] {
|
|||
|
var res: [Int] = []
|
|||
|
dfs(i: 0, order: "pre", res: &res)
|
|||
|
return res
|
|||
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
/* 中序走訪 */
|
|||
|
func inOrder() -> [Int] {
|
|||
|
var res: [Int] = []
|
|||
|
dfs(i: 0, order: "in", res: &res)
|
|||
|
return res
|
|||
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
/* 後序走訪 */
|
|||
|
func postOrder() -> [Int] {
|
|||
|
var res: [Int] = []
|
|||
|
dfs(i: 0, order: "post", res: &res)
|
|||
|
return res
|
|||
|
}
|
|||
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
@main
|
|||
|
enum _ArrayBinaryTree {
|
|||
|
/* Driver Code */
|
|||
|
static func main() {
|
|||
|
// 初始化二元樹
|
|||
|
// 這裡藉助了一個從陣列直接生成二元樹的函式
|
|||
|
let arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, nil, 6, 7, 8, 9, nil, nil, 12, nil, nil, 15]
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
let root = TreeNode.listToTree(arr: arr)
|
|||
|
print("\n初始化二元樹\n")
|
|||
|
print("二元樹的陣列表示:")
|
|||
|
print(arr)
|
|||
|
print("二元樹的鏈結串列表示:")
|
|||
|
PrintUtil.printTree(root: root)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
// 陣列表示下的二元樹類別
|
|||
|
let abt = ArrayBinaryTree(arr: arr)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
// 訪問節點
|
|||
|
let i = 1
|
|||
|
let l = abt.left(i: i)
|
|||
|
let r = abt.right(i: i)
|
|||
|
let p = abt.parent(i: i)
|
|||
|
print("\n當前節點的索引為 \(i) ,值為 \(abt.val(i: i) as Any)")
|
|||
|
print("其左子節點的索引為 \(l) ,值為 \(abt.val(i: l) as Any)")
|
|||
|
print("其右子節點的索引為 \(r) ,值為 \(abt.val(i: r) as Any)")
|
|||
|
print("其父節點的索引為 \(p) ,值為 \(abt.val(i: p) as Any)")
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
// 走訪樹
|
|||
|
var res = abt.levelOrder()
|
|||
|
print("\n層序走訪為:\(res)")
|
|||
|
res = abt.preOrder()
|
|||
|
print("前序走訪為:\(res)")
|
|||
|
res = abt.inOrder()
|
|||
|
print("中序走訪為:\(res)")
|
|||
|
res = abt.postOrder()
|
|||
|
print("後序走訪為:\(res)")
|
|||
|
}
|
|||
|
}
|