hello-algo/codes/java/chapter_stack_and_queue/array_queue.java

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2022-11-10 03:40:57 +08:00
package chapter_stack_and_queue;
import java.util.*;
/* 基于环形数组实现的队列 */
class ArrayQueue {
int[] nums; // 用于存储队列元素的数组
int size = 0; // 队列长度(即元素个数)
int front = 0; // 头指针,指向队首
int rear = 0; // 尾指针,指向队尾 + 1
public ArrayQueue(int capacity) {
// 初始化数组
nums = new int[capacity];
}
/* 获取队列的容量 */
public int capacity() {
return nums.length;
}
/* 获取队列的长度 */
public int size() {
int capacity = capacity();
// 由于将数组看作为环形,可能 rear < front ,因此需要取余数
return (capacity + rear - front) % capacity;
}
/* 判断队列是否为空 */
public boolean isEmpty() {
return rear - front == 0;
}
/* 入队 */
public void offer(int num) {
if (size() == capacity()) {
System.out.println("队列已满");
return;
}
// 尾结点后添加 num
nums[rear] = num;
// 尾指针向后移动一位,越过尾部后返回到数组头部
rear = (rear + 1) % capacity();
}
/* 出队 */
public int poll() {
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// 删除头结点
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if (isEmpty())
throw new EmptyStackException();
int num = nums[front];
// 队头指针向后移动,越过尾部后返回到数组头部
front = (front + 1) % capacity();
return num;
}
/* 访问队首元素 */
public int peek() {
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// 删除头结点
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if (isEmpty())
throw new EmptyStackException();
return nums[front];
}
public int[] toArray() {
int size = size();
int capacity = capacity();
// 仅转换有效长度范围内的列表元素
int[] arr = new int[size];
for (int i = 0, j = front; i < size; i++, j++) {
arr[i] = nums[j % capacity];
}
return arr;
}
}
public class array_queue {
public static void main(String[] args) {
/* 初始化队列 */
int capacity = 10;
ArrayQueue queue = new ArrayQueue(capacity);
/* 元素入队 */
queue.offer(1);
queue.offer(3);
queue.offer(2);
queue.offer(5);
queue.offer(4);
System.out.println("队列 queue = " + Arrays.toString(queue.toArray()));
/* 访问队首元素 */
int peek = queue.peek();
System.out.println("队首元素 peek = " + peek);
/* 元素出队 */
int poll = queue.poll();
System.out.println("出队元素 poll = " + poll + ",出队后 queue = " + Arrays.toString(queue.toArray()));
/* 获取队列的长度 */
int size = queue.size();
System.out.println("队列长度 size = " + size);
/* 判断队列是否为空 */
boolean isEmpty = queue.isEmpty();
/* 测试环形数组 */
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
queue.offer(i);
queue.poll();
System.out.println("" + i + " 轮入队+出队后 queue = " + Arrays.toString(queue.toArray()));
}
}
}