2023-06-14 02:01:06 +08:00
|
|
|
/**
|
|
|
|
* File: hash_map_chaining.cpp
|
|
|
|
* Created Time: 2023-06-13
|
|
|
|
* Author: Krahets (krahets@163.com)
|
|
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
|
2023-06-26 23:06:15 +08:00
|
|
|
#include "./array_hash_map.cpp"
|
2023-06-14 02:01:06 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 链式地址哈希表 */
|
|
|
|
class HashMapChaining {
|
|
|
|
private:
|
|
|
|
int size; // 键值对数量
|
|
|
|
int capacity; // 哈希表容量
|
|
|
|
double loadThres; // 触发扩容的负载因子阈值
|
|
|
|
int extendRatio; // 扩容倍数
|
|
|
|
vector<vector<Pair *>> buckets; // 桶数组
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
public:
|
|
|
|
/* 构造方法 */
|
|
|
|
HashMapChaining() : size(0), capacity(4), loadThres(2.0 / 3), extendRatio(2) {
|
|
|
|
buckets.resize(capacity);
|
|
|
|
}
|
2023-08-29 20:24:42 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 析构方法 */
|
|
|
|
~HashMapChaining() {
|
|
|
|
for (auto &bucket : buckets) {
|
|
|
|
for (Pair *pair : bucket) {
|
|
|
|
// 释放内存
|
|
|
|
delete pair;
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
}
|
2023-06-14 02:01:06 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 哈希函数 */
|
|
|
|
int hashFunc(int key) {
|
|
|
|
return key % capacity;
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 负载因子 */
|
|
|
|
double loadFactor() {
|
|
|
|
return (double)size / (double)capacity;
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 查询操作 */
|
|
|
|
string get(int key) {
|
|
|
|
int index = hashFunc(key);
|
|
|
|
// 遍历桶,若找到 key 则返回对应 val
|
|
|
|
for (Pair *pair : buckets[index]) {
|
|
|
|
if (pair->key == key) {
|
|
|
|
return pair->val;
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// 若未找到 key 则返回 nullptr
|
|
|
|
return nullptr;
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 添加操作 */
|
|
|
|
void put(int key, string val) {
|
|
|
|
// 当负载因子超过阈值时,执行扩容
|
|
|
|
if (loadFactor() > loadThres) {
|
|
|
|
extend();
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
int index = hashFunc(key);
|
|
|
|
// 遍历桶,若遇到指定 key ,则更新对应 val 并返回
|
|
|
|
for (Pair *pair : buckets[index]) {
|
|
|
|
if (pair->key == key) {
|
|
|
|
pair->val = val;
|
|
|
|
return;
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// 若无该 key ,则将键值对添加至尾部
|
|
|
|
buckets[index].push_back(new Pair(key, val));
|
|
|
|
size++;
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 删除操作 */
|
|
|
|
void remove(int key) {
|
|
|
|
int index = hashFunc(key);
|
|
|
|
auto &bucket = buckets[index];
|
|
|
|
// 遍历桶,从中删除键值对
|
|
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < bucket.size(); i++) {
|
|
|
|
if (bucket[i]->key == key) {
|
|
|
|
Pair *tmp = bucket[i];
|
|
|
|
bucket.erase(bucket.begin() + i); // 从中删除键值对
|
|
|
|
delete tmp; // 释放内存
|
|
|
|
size--;
|
|
|
|
return;
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 扩容哈希表 */
|
|
|
|
void extend() {
|
|
|
|
// 暂存原哈希表
|
|
|
|
vector<vector<Pair *>> bucketsTmp = buckets;
|
|
|
|
// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表
|
|
|
|
capacity *= extendRatio;
|
|
|
|
buckets.clear();
|
|
|
|
buckets.resize(capacity);
|
|
|
|
size = 0;
|
|
|
|
// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表
|
|
|
|
for (auto &bucket : bucketsTmp) {
|
|
|
|
for (Pair *pair : bucket) {
|
|
|
|
put(pair->key, pair->val);
|
2023-07-29 02:08:00 +08:00
|
|
|
// 释放内存
|
|
|
|
delete pair;
|
2023-06-14 02:01:06 +08:00
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 打印哈希表 */
|
|
|
|
void print() {
|
|
|
|
for (auto &bucket : buckets) {
|
|
|
|
cout << "[";
|
|
|
|
for (Pair *pair : bucket) {
|
|
|
|
cout << pair->key << " -> " << pair->val << ", ";
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
cout << "]\n";
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* Driver Code */
|
|
|
|
int main() {
|
|
|
|
/* 初始化哈希表 */
|
|
|
|
HashMapChaining map = HashMapChaining();
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 添加操作 */
|
|
|
|
// 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
|
|
|
|
map.put(12836, "小哈");
|
|
|
|
map.put(15937, "小啰");
|
|
|
|
map.put(16750, "小算");
|
|
|
|
map.put(13276, "小法");
|
|
|
|
map.put(10583, "小鸭");
|
|
|
|
cout << "\n添加完成后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value" << endl;
|
|
|
|
map.print();
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 查询操作 */
|
|
|
|
// 向哈希表输入键 key ,得到值 value
|
|
|
|
string name = map.get(13276);
|
|
|
|
cout << "\n输入学号 13276 ,查询到姓名 " << name << endl;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* 删除操作 */
|
|
|
|
// 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
|
|
|
|
map.remove(12836);
|
|
|
|
cout << "\n删除 12836 后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value" << endl;
|
|
|
|
map.print();
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
return 0;
|
|
|
|
}
|