mirror of
https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
synced 2024-12-26 13:46:29 +08:00
66 lines
1.6 KiB
Ruby
66 lines
1.6 KiB
Ruby
|
=begin
|
||
|
File: coin_change.rb
|
||
|
Created Time: 2024-05-29
|
||
|
Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
|
||
|
=end
|
||
|
|
||
|
### 零錢兌換:動態規劃 ###
|
||
|
def coin_change_dp(coins, amt)
|
||
|
n = coins.length
|
||
|
_MAX = amt + 1
|
||
|
# 初始化 dp 表
|
||
|
dp = Array.new(n + 1) { Array.new(amt + 1, 0) }
|
||
|
# 狀態轉移:首行首列
|
||
|
(1...(amt + 1)).each { |a| dp[0][a] = _MAX }
|
||
|
# 狀態轉移:其餘行和列
|
||
|
for i in 1...(n + 1)
|
||
|
for a in 1...(amt + 1)
|
||
|
if coins[i - 1] > a
|
||
|
# 若超過目標金額,則不選硬幣 i
|
||
|
dp[i][a] = dp[i - 1][a]
|
||
|
else
|
||
|
# 不選和選硬幣 i 這兩種方案的較小值
|
||
|
dp[i][a] = [dp[i - 1][a], dp[i][a - coins[i - 1]] + 1].min
|
||
|
end
|
||
|
end
|
||
|
end
|
||
|
dp[n][amt] != _MAX ? dp[n][amt] : -1
|
||
|
end
|
||
|
|
||
|
### 零錢兌換:空間最佳化後的動態規劃 ###
|
||
|
def coin_change_dp_comp(coins, amt)
|
||
|
n = coins.length
|
||
|
_MAX = amt + 1
|
||
|
# 初始化 dp 表
|
||
|
dp = Array.new(amt + 1, _MAX)
|
||
|
dp[0] = 0
|
||
|
# 狀態轉移
|
||
|
for i in 1...(n + 1)
|
||
|
# 正序走訪
|
||
|
for a in 1...(amt + 1)
|
||
|
if coins[i - 1] > a
|
||
|
# 若超過目標金額,則不選硬幣 i
|
||
|
dp[a] = dp[a]
|
||
|
else
|
||
|
# 不選和選硬幣 i 這兩種方案的較小值
|
||
|
dp[a] = [dp[a], dp[a - coins[i - 1]] + 1].min
|
||
|
end
|
||
|
end
|
||
|
end
|
||
|
dp[amt] != _MAX ? dp[amt] : -1
|
||
|
end
|
||
|
|
||
|
### Driver Code ###
|
||
|
if __FILE__ == $0
|
||
|
coins = [1, 2, 5]
|
||
|
amt = 4
|
||
|
|
||
|
# 動態規劃
|
||
|
res = coin_change_dp(coins, amt)
|
||
|
puts "湊到目標金額所需的最少硬幣數量為 #{res}"
|
||
|
|
||
|
# 空間最佳化後的動態規劃
|
||
|
res = coin_change_dp_comp(coins, amt)
|
||
|
puts "湊到目標金額所需的最少硬幣數量為 #{res}"
|
||
|
end
|