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krahets/hello-algo
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< svg xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox = "0 0 24 24" > < path d = "m13.13 22.19-1.63-3.83c1.57-.58 3.04-1.36 4.4-2.27l-2.77 6.1M5.64 12.5l-3.83-1.63 6.1-2.77C7 9.46 6.22 10.93 5.64 12.5M19.22 4c.28 0 .53 0 .74.05.17 1.39-.02 4.25-3.3 7.53-1.7 1.71-3.73 3.02-6.01 3.89l-2.15-2.1c.92-2.31 2.23-4.34 3.92-6.03C15.18 4.58 17.64 4 19.22 4m0-2c-1.98 0-4.98.69-8.22 3.93-2.19 2.19-3.5 4.6-4.35 6.71-.28.75-.09 1.57.46 2.13l2.13 2.12c.38.38.89.61 1.42.61.23 0 .47-.06.7-.15A19.1 19.1 0 0 0 18.07 13c5.66-5.66 3.54-10.61 3.54-10.61S20.7 2 19.22 2m-4.68 7.46c-.78-.78-.78-2.05 0-2.83s2.05-.78 2.83 0c.77.78.78 2.05 0 2.83-.78.78-2.05.78-2.83 0m-5.66 7.07-1.41-1.41 1.41 1.41M6.24 22l3.64-3.64c-.34-.09-.67-.24-.97-.45L4.83 22h1.41M2 22h1.41l4.77-4.76-1.42-1.41L2 20.59V22m0-2.83 4.09-4.08c-.21-.3-.36-.62-.45-.97L2 17.76v1.41Z" / > < / svg >
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序
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序
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< svg xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox = "0 0 24 24" > < path d = "M21 4H3a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v13a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h18a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V6a2 2 0 0 0-2-2M3 19V6h8v13H3m18 0h-8V6h8v13m-7-9.5h6V11h-6V9.5m0 2.5h6v1.5h-6V12m0 2.5h6V16h-6v-1.5Z" / > < / svg >
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第 0 章 前言
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第 0 章 前言
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0.1 關於本書
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0.2 如何使用本書
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0.3 小結
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第 1 章 初識演算法
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第 1 章 初識演算法
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1.1 演算法無處不在
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1.2 演算法是什麼
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1.3 小結
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第 2 章 複雜度分析
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第 2 章 複雜度分析
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2.1 演算法效率評估
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2.2 迭代與遞迴
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2.3 時間複雜度
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2.4 空間複雜度
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2.5 小結
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< svg xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox = "0 0 24 24" > < path d = "M11 13.5v8H3v-8h8m-2 2H5v4h4v-4M12 2l5.5 9h-11L12 2m0 3.86L10.08 9h3.84L12 5.86M17.5 13c2.5 0 4.5 2 4.5 4.5S20 22 17.5 22 13 20 13 17.5s2-4.5 4.5-4.5m0 2a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5-2.5Z" / > < / svg >
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第 3 章 資料結構
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第 3 章 資料結構
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3.1 資料結構分類
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3.2 基本資料型別
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3.3 數字編碼 *
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3.4 字元編碼 *
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3.5 小結
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第 4 章 陣列與鏈結串列
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第 4 章 陣列與鏈結串列
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4.1 陣列
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4.2 鏈結串列
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4.3 串列
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4.4 記憶體與快取 *
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4.5 小結
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第 5 章 堆疊與佇列
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第 5 章 堆疊與佇列
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5.1 堆疊
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5.2 佇列
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5.3 雙向佇列
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5.4 小結
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第 6 章 雜湊表
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第 6 章 雜湊表
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6.1 雜湊表
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6.2 雜湊衝突
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6.3 雜湊演算法
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6.4 小結
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< a href = "../../chapter_tree/" class = "md-nav__link " >
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第 7 章 樹
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第 7 章 樹
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7.1 二元樹
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7.2 二元樹走訪
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7.3 二元樹陣列表示
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7.4 二元搜尋樹
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7.5 AVL *
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7.6 小結
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< a href = "../../chapter_heap/" class = "md-nav__link " >
< svg xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox = "0 0 24 24" > < path d = "M12 1a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5 2.5A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 11 5.79V7H7a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v.71A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 3.5 12 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 5 14.29V15H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v1.21A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 .5 20.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 3 23a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 4 18.21V17h4v1.21a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5 2.29A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 9 23a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5-2.29V17a2 2 0 0 0-2-2H7v-.71A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 8.5 12 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 7 9.71V9h10v.71A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 15.5 12a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 1.5 2.29V15h-1a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v1.21a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5 2.29A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 15 23a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5-2.29V17h4v1.21a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5 2.29A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 21 23a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5-2.29V17a2 2 0 0 0-2-2h-1v-.71A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 20.5 12 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 19 9.71V9a2 2 0 0 0-2-2h-4V5.79a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 1.5-2.29A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 12 1m0 1.5a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1M6 11a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1m12 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1M3 19.5a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1m6 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1m6 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1m6 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1Z" / > < / svg >
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第 8 章 堆積
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第 8 章 堆積
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8.1 堆積
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8.2 建堆積操作
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8.3 Top-k 問題
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8.4 小結
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< a href = "../" class = "md-nav__link " >
< svg xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox = "0 0 24 24" > < path d = "m12 5.37-.44-.06L6 14.9c.24.21.4.48.47.78h11.06c.07-.3.23-.57.47-.78l-5.56-9.59-.44.06M6.6 16.53l4.28 2.53c.29-.27.69-.43 1.12-.43.43 0 .83.16 1.12.43l4.28-2.53H6.6M12 22a1.68 1.68 0 0 1-1.68-1.68l.09-.56-4.3-2.55c-.31.36-.76.58-1.27.58a1.68 1.68 0 0 1-1.68-1.68c0-.79.53-1.45 1.26-1.64V9.36c-.83-.11-1.47-.82-1.47-1.68A1.68 1.68 0 0 1 4.63 6c.55 0 1.03.26 1.34.66l4.41-2.53-.06-.45c0-.93.75-1.68 1.68-1.68.93 0 1.68.75 1.68 1.68l-.06.45 4.41 2.53c.31-.4.79-.66 1.34-.66a1.68 1.68 0 0 1 1.68 1.68c0 .86-.64 1.57-1.47 1.68v5.11c.73.19 1.26.85 1.26 1.64a1.68 1.68 0 0 1-1.68 1.68c-.51 0-.96-.22-1.27-.58l-4.3 2.55.09.56A1.68 1.68 0 0 1 12 22M10.8 4.86 6.3 7.44l.02.24c0 .71-.44 1.32-1.06 1.57l.03 5.25 5.51-9.64m2.4 0 5.51 9.64.03-5.25c-.62-.25-1.06-.86-1.06-1.57l.02-.24-4.5-2.58Z" / > < / svg >
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第 9 章 圖
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第 9 章 圖
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9.1 圖
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9.2 圖基礎操作
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9.3 圖的走訪
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9.3 圖的走訪
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目錄
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9.3.1 廣度優先走訪
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1. 演算法實現
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2. 複雜度分析
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9.3.2 深度優先走訪
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1. 演算法實現
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2. 複雜度分析
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9.4 小結
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< a href = "../../chapter_searching/" class = "md-nav__link " >
< svg xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox = "0 0 24 24" > < path d = "m19.31 18.9 3.08 3.1L21 23.39l-3.12-3.07c-.69.43-1.51.68-2.38.68-2.5 0-4.5-2-4.5-4.5s2-4.5 4.5-4.5 4.5 2 4.5 4.5c0 .88-.25 1.71-.69 2.4m-3.81.1a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 0-5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 0 5M21 4v2H3V4h18M3 16v-2h6v2H3m0-5V9h18v2h-2.03c-1.01-.63-2.2-1-3.47-1s-2.46.37-3.47 1H3Z" / > < / svg >
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第 10 章 搜尋
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第 10 章 搜尋
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10.1 二分搜尋
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10.2 二分搜尋插入點
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10.3 二分搜尋邊界
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10.4 雜湊最佳化策略
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10.5 重識搜尋演算法
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10.6 小結
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< a href = "../../chapter_sorting/" class = "md-nav__link " >
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第 11 章 排序
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第 11 章 排序
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11.1 排序演算法
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11.2 選擇排序
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11.3 泡沫排序
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11.4 插入排序
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11.5 快速排序
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11.6 合併排序
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11.7 堆積排序
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11.8 桶排序
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11.9 計數排序
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11.10 基數排序
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11.11 小結
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第 12 章 分治
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第 12 章 分治
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12.1 分治演算法
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12.2 分治搜尋策略
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12.3 構建樹問題
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12.4 河內塔問題
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12.5 小結
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第 13 章 回溯
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第 13 章 回溯
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13.1 回溯演算法
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13.2 全排列問題
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13.3 子集和問題
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13.4 N 皇后問題
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13.5 小結
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第 14 章 動態規劃
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第 14 章 動態規劃
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14.1 初探動態規劃
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14.2 DP 問題特性
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14.3 DP 解題思路
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14.4 0-1 背包問題
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14.5 完全背包問題
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14.6 編輯距離問題
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14.7 小結
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第 15 章 貪婪
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第 15 章 貪婪
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15.1 貪婪演算法
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15.2 分數背包問題
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15.3 最大容量問題
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15.4 最大切分乘積問題
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15.5 小結
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第 16 章 附錄
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第 16 章 附錄
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16.1 程式設計環境安裝
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16.2 一起參與創作
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16.3 術語表
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參考文獻
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目錄
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9.3.1 廣度優先走訪
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1. 演算法實現
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2. 複雜度分析
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9.3.2 深度優先走訪
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1. 演算法實現
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2. 複雜度分析
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< h1 id = "93" > 9.3 圖的走訪< a class = "headerlink" href = "#93" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h1 >
< p > 樹代表的是“一對多”的關係，而圖則具有更高的自由度，可以表示任意的“多對多”關係。因此，我們可以把樹看作圖的一種特例。顯然，< strong > 樹的走訪操作也是圖的走訪操作的一種特例< / strong > 。< / p >
< p > 圖和樹都需要應用搜索演算法來實現走訪操作。圖的走訪方式也可分為兩種：< u > 廣度優先走訪< / u > 和< u > 深度優先走訪< / u > 。< / p >
< h2 id = "931" > 9.3.1 廣度優先走訪< a class = "headerlink" href = "#931" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h2 >
< p > < strong > 廣度優先走訪是一種由近及遠的走訪方式，從某個節點出發，始終優先訪問距離最近的頂點，並一層層向外擴張< / strong > 。如圖 9-9 所示，從左上角頂點出發，首先走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點，然後走訪下一個頂點的所有鄰接頂點，以此類推，直至所有頂點訪問完畢。< / p >
< p > < a class = "glightbox" href = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs.png" data-type = "image" data-width = "100%" data-height = "auto" data-desc-position = "bottom" > < img alt = "圖的廣度優先走訪" class = "animation-figure" src = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs.png" / > < / a > < / p >
< p align = "center" > 圖 9-9 圖的廣度優先走訪 < / p >
< h3 id = "1" > 1. 演算法實現< a class = "headerlink" href = "#1" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h3 >
< p > BFS 通常藉助佇列來實現，程式碼如下所示。佇列具有“先入先出”的性質，這與 BFS 的“由近及遠”的思想異曲同工。< / p >
< ol >
< li > 將走訪起始頂點 < code > startVet< / code > 加入列列，並開啟迴圈。< / li >
< li > 在迴圈的每輪迭代中，彈出佇列首頂點並記錄訪問，然後將該頂點的所有鄰接頂點加入到佇列尾部。< / li >
< li > 迴圈步驟 < code > 2.< / code > ，直到所有頂點被訪問完畢後結束。< / li >
< / ol >
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< p > 為了防止重複走訪頂點，我們需要藉助一個雜湊集合 < code > visited< / code > 來記錄哪些節點已被訪問。< / p >
< div class = "admonition tip" >
< p class = "admonition-title" > Tip< / p >
< p > 雜湊集合可以看作一個只儲存 < code > key< / code > 而不儲存 < code > value< / code > 的雜湊表，它可以在 < span class = "arithmatex" > \(O(1)\)< / span > 時間複雜度下進行 < code > key< / code > 的增刪查改操作。根據 < code > key< / code > 的唯一性，雜湊集合通常用於資料去重等場景。< / p >
< / div >
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< div class = "tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs = "1:14" > < input checked = "checked" id = "__tabbed_1_1" name = "__tabbed_1" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_1_2" name = "__tabbed_1" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_1_3" name = "__tabbed_1" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_1_4" name = "__tabbed_1" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_1_5" name = "__tabbed_1" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_1_6" name = "__tabbed_1" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_1_7" name = "__tabbed_1" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_1_8" name = "__tabbed_1" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_1_9" name = "__tabbed_1" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_1_10" name = "__tabbed_1" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_1_11" name = "__tabbed_1" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_1_12" name = "__tabbed_1" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_1_13" name = "__tabbed_1" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_1_14" name = "__tabbed_1" type = "radio" / > < div class = "tabbed-labels" > < label for = "__tabbed_1_1" > Python< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_1_2" > C++< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_1_3" > Java< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_1_4" > C#< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_1_5" > Go< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_1_6" > Swift< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_1_7" > JS< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_1_8" > TS< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_1_9" > Dart< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_1_10" > Rust< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_1_11" > C< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_1_12" > Kotlin< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_1_13" > Ruby< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_1_14" > Zig< / label > < / div >
< div class = "tabbed-content" >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_bfs.py< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-0-1" name = "__codelineno-0-1" href = "#__codelineno-0-1" > < / a > < span class = "k" > def< / span > < span class = "nf" > graph_bfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > start_vet< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "o" > -> < / span > < span class = "nb" > list< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ]:< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-0-2" name = "__codelineno-0-2" href = "#__codelineno-0-2" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "sd" > " " " 廣度優先走訪" " " < / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-0-3" name = "__codelineno-0-3" href = "#__codelineno-0-3" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > # 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-0-4" name = "__codelineno-0-4" href = "#__codelineno-0-4" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > # 頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-0-5" name = "__codelineno-0-5" href = "#__codelineno-0-5" > < / a > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "p" > []< / span >
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< a id = "__codelineno-0-6" name = "__codelineno-0-6" href = "#__codelineno-0-6" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > # 雜湊集合，用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點< / span >
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< a id = "__codelineno-0-7" name = "__codelineno-0-7" href = "#__codelineno-0-7" > < / a > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "nb" > set< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ]([< / span > < span class = "n" > start_vet< / span > < span class = "p" > ])< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-0-8" name = "__codelineno-0-8" href = "#__codelineno-0-8" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > # 佇列用於實現 BFS< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-0-9" name = "__codelineno-0-9" href = "#__codelineno-0-9" > < / a > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > deque< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ]([< / span > < span class = "n" > start_vet< / span > < span class = "p" > ])< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-0-10" name = "__codelineno-0-10" href = "#__codelineno-0-10" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > # 以頂點 vet 為起點，迴圈直至訪問完所有頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-0-11" name = "__codelineno-0-11" href = "#__codelineno-0-11" > < / a > < span class = "k" > while< / span > < span class = "nb" > len< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "mi" > 0< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-0-12" name = "__codelineno-0-12" href = "#__codelineno-0-12" > < / a > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > popleft< / span > < span class = "p" > ()< / span > < span class = "c1" > # 佇列首頂點出隊< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-0-13" name = "__codelineno-0-13" href = "#__codelineno-0-13" > < / a > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > append< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "c1" > # 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-0-14" name = "__codelineno-0-14" href = "#__codelineno-0-14" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > # 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-0-15" name = "__codelineno-0-15" href = "#__codelineno-0-15" > < / a > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "n" > adj_vet< / span > < span class = "ow" > in< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > adj_list< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > ]:< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-0-16" name = "__codelineno-0-16" href = "#__codelineno-0-16" > < / a > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "n" > adj_vet< / span > < span class = "ow" > in< / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-0-17" name = "__codelineno-0-17" href = "#__codelineno-0-17" > < / a > < span class = "k" > continue< / span > < span class = "c1" > # 跳過已被訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-0-18" name = "__codelineno-0-18" href = "#__codelineno-0-18" > < / a > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > append< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adj_vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "c1" > # 只入列未訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-0-19" name = "__codelineno-0-19" href = "#__codelineno-0-19" > < / a > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adj_vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "c1" > # 標記該頂點已被訪問< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-0-20" name = "__codelineno-0-20" href = "#__codelineno-0-20" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > # 返回頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-0-21" name = "__codelineno-0-21" href = "#__codelineno-0-21" > < / a > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_bfs.cpp< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-1-1" name = "__codelineno-1-1" href = "#__codelineno-1-1" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 廣度優先走訪 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-1-2" name = "__codelineno-1-2" href = "#__codelineno-1-2" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-1-3" name = "__codelineno-1-3" href = "#__codelineno-1-3" > < / a > < span class = "n" > vector< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *> < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graphBFS< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > & < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-1-4" name = "__codelineno-1-4" href = "#__codelineno-1-4" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-1-5" name = "__codelineno-1-5" href = "#__codelineno-1-5" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > vector< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *> < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
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< a id = "__codelineno-1-6" name = "__codelineno-1-6" href = "#__codelineno-1-6" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 雜湊集合，用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點< / span >
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< a id = "__codelineno-1-7" name = "__codelineno-1-7" href = "#__codelineno-1-7" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > unordered_set< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *> < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > };< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-1-8" name = "__codelineno-1-8" href = "#__codelineno-1-8" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 佇列用於實現 BFS< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-1-9" name = "__codelineno-1-9" href = "#__codelineno-1-9" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > queue< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *> < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-1-10" name = "__codelineno-1-10" href = "#__codelineno-1-10" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > push< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-1-11" name = "__codelineno-1-11" href = "#__codelineno-1-11" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 以頂點 vet 為起點，迴圈直至訪問完所有頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-1-12" name = "__codelineno-1-12" href = "#__codelineno-1-12" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > while< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "o" > !< / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > empty< / span > < span class = "p" > ())< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-1-13" name = "__codelineno-1-13" href = "#__codelineno-1-13" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > front< / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-1-14" name = "__codelineno-1-14" href = "#__codelineno-1-14" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > pop< / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 佇列首頂點出隊< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-1-15" name = "__codelineno-1-15" href = "#__codelineno-1-15" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > push_back< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-1-16" name = "__codelineno-1-16" href = "#__codelineno-1-16" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-1-17" name = "__codelineno-1-17" href = "#__codelineno-1-17" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "k" > auto< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > adjList< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > ])< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-1-18" name = "__codelineno-1-18" href = "#__codelineno-1-18" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > count< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-1-19" name = "__codelineno-1-19" href = "#__codelineno-1-19" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > continue< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 跳過已被訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-1-20" name = "__codelineno-1-20" href = "#__codelineno-1-20" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > push< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 只入列未訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-1-21" name = "__codelineno-1-21" href = "#__codelineno-1-21" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > emplace< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 標記該頂點已被訪問< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-1-22" name = "__codelineno-1-22" href = "#__codelineno-1-22" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-1-23" name = "__codelineno-1-23" href = "#__codelineno-1-23" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-1-24" name = "__codelineno-1-24" href = "#__codelineno-1-24" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 返回頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-1-25" name = "__codelineno-1-25" href = "#__codelineno-1-25" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-1-26" name = "__codelineno-1-26" href = "#__codelineno-1-26" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_bfs.java< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-2-1" name = "__codelineno-2-1" href = "#__codelineno-2-1" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 廣度優先走訪 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-2-2" name = "__codelineno-2-2" href = "#__codelineno-2-2" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-2-3" name = "__codelineno-2-3" href = "#__codelineno-2-3" > < / a > < span class = "n" > List< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nf" > graphBFS< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-2-4" name = "__codelineno-2-4" href = "#__codelineno-2-4" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-2-5" name = "__codelineno-2-5" href = "#__codelineno-2-5" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > List< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > new< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > ArrayList< / span > < span class = "o" > < > < / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span >
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< a id = "__codelineno-2-6" name = "__codelineno-2-6" href = "#__codelineno-2-6" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 雜湊集合，用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點< / span >
2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-2-7" name = "__codelineno-2-7" href = "#__codelineno-2-7" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Set< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > new< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > HashSet< / span > < span class = "o" > < > < / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-2-8" name = "__codelineno-2-8" href = "#__codelineno-2-8" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-2-9" name = "__codelineno-2-9" href = "#__codelineno-2-9" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 佇列用於實現 BFS< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-2-10" name = "__codelineno-2-10" href = "#__codelineno-2-10" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Queue< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > new< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > LinkedList< / span > < span class = "o" > < > < / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-2-11" name = "__codelineno-2-11" href = "#__codelineno-2-11" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > offer< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-2-12" name = "__codelineno-2-12" href = "#__codelineno-2-12" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 以頂點 vet 為起點，迴圈直至訪問完所有頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-2-13" name = "__codelineno-2-13" href = "#__codelineno-2-13" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > while< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "o" > !< / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > isEmpty< / span > < span class = "p" > ())< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-2-14" name = "__codelineno-2-14" href = "#__codelineno-2-14" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > poll< / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 佇列首頂點出隊< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-2-15" name = "__codelineno-2-15" href = "#__codelineno-2-15" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-2-16" name = "__codelineno-2-16" href = "#__codelineno-2-16" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-2-17" name = "__codelineno-2-17" href = "#__codelineno-2-17" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > adjList< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > get< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-2-18" name = "__codelineno-2-18" href = "#__codelineno-2-18" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > contains< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-2-19" name = "__codelineno-2-19" href = "#__codelineno-2-19" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > continue< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 跳過已被訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-2-20" name = "__codelineno-2-20" href = "#__codelineno-2-20" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > offer< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 只入列未訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-2-21" name = "__codelineno-2-21" href = "#__codelineno-2-21" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 標記該頂點已被訪問< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-2-22" name = "__codelineno-2-22" href = "#__codelineno-2-22" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-2-23" name = "__codelineno-2-23" href = "#__codelineno-2-23" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-2-24" name = "__codelineno-2-24" href = "#__codelineno-2-24" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 返回頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-2-25" name = "__codelineno-2-25" href = "#__codelineno-2-25" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-2-26" name = "__codelineno-2-26" href = "#__codelineno-2-26" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_bfs.cs< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-3-1" name = "__codelineno-3-1" href = "#__codelineno-3-1" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 廣度優先走訪 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-3-2" name = "__codelineno-3-2" href = "#__codelineno-3-2" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-3-3" name = "__codelineno-3-3" href = "#__codelineno-3-3" > < / a > < span class = "n" > List< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > GraphBFS< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-3-4" name = "__codelineno-3-4" href = "#__codelineno-3-4" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-3-5" name = "__codelineno-3-5" href = "#__codelineno-3-5" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > List< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > [];< / span >
2024-04-28 22:36:06 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-3-6" name = "__codelineno-3-6" href = "#__codelineno-3-6" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 雜湊集合，用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點< / span >
2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-3-7" name = "__codelineno-3-7" href = "#__codelineno-3-7" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > HashSet< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ];< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-3-8" name = "__codelineno-3-8" href = "#__codelineno-3-8" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 佇列用於實現 BFS< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-3-9" name = "__codelineno-3-9" href = "#__codelineno-3-9" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Queue< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > new< / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-3-10" name = "__codelineno-3-10" href = "#__codelineno-3-10" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > Enqueue< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-3-11" name = "__codelineno-3-11" href = "#__codelineno-3-11" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 以頂點 vet 為起點，迴圈直至訪問完所有頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-3-12" name = "__codelineno-3-12" href = "#__codelineno-3-12" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > while< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > Count< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "m" > 0< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-3-13" name = "__codelineno-3-13" href = "#__codelineno-3-13" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > Dequeue< / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 佇列首頂點出隊< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-3-14" name = "__codelineno-3-14" href = "#__codelineno-3-14" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > Add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-3-15" name = "__codelineno-3-15" href = "#__codelineno-3-15" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > foreach< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > in< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > adjList< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > ])< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-3-16" name = "__codelineno-3-16" href = "#__codelineno-3-16" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > Contains< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-3-17" name = "__codelineno-3-17" href = "#__codelineno-3-17" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > continue< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 跳過已被訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-3-18" name = "__codelineno-3-18" href = "#__codelineno-3-18" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-3-19" name = "__codelineno-3-19" href = "#__codelineno-3-19" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > Enqueue< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 只入列未訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-3-20" name = "__codelineno-3-20" href = "#__codelineno-3-20" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > Add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 標記該頂點已被訪問< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-3-21" name = "__codelineno-3-21" href = "#__codelineno-3-21" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-3-22" name = "__codelineno-3-22" href = "#__codelineno-3-22" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-3-23" name = "__codelineno-3-23" href = "#__codelineno-3-23" > < / a >
< a id = "__codelineno-3-24" name = "__codelineno-3-24" href = "#__codelineno-3-24" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 返回頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-3-25" name = "__codelineno-3-25" href = "#__codelineno-3-25" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-3-26" name = "__codelineno-3-26" href = "#__codelineno-3-26" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_bfs.go< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-4-1" name = "__codelineno-4-1" href = "#__codelineno-4-1" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 廣度優先走訪 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-2" name = "__codelineno-4-2" href = "#__codelineno-4-2" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-3" name = "__codelineno-4-3" href = "#__codelineno-4-3" > < / a > < span class = "kd" > func< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > graphBFS< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > g< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "nx" > graphAdjList< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > startVet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > []< / span > < span class = "nx" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-4" name = "__codelineno-4-4" href = "#__codelineno-4-4" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-5" name = "__codelineno-4-5" href = "#__codelineno-4-5" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > :=< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nb" > make< / span > < span class = "p" > ([]< / span > < span class = "nx" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "mi" > 0< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
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< a id = "__codelineno-4-6" name = "__codelineno-4-6" href = "#__codelineno-4-6" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 雜湊集合，用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點< / span >
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< a id = "__codelineno-4-7" name = "__codelineno-4-7" href = "#__codelineno-4-7" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > :=< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nb" > make< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "kd" > map< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "nx" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "kd" > struct< / span > < span class = "p" > {})< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-8" name = "__codelineno-4-8" href = "#__codelineno-4-8" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "nx" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > struct< / span > < span class = "p" > {}{}< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-9" name = "__codelineno-4-9" href = "#__codelineno-4-9" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 佇列用於實現 BFS, 使用切片模擬佇列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-10" name = "__codelineno-4-10" href = "#__codelineno-4-10" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > queue< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > :=< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nb" > make< / span > < span class = "p" > ([]< / span > < span class = "nx" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "mi" > 0< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-11" name = "__codelineno-4-11" href = "#__codelineno-4-11" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > queue< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nb" > append< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > queue< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-12" name = "__codelineno-4-12" href = "#__codelineno-4-12" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 以頂點 vet 為起點，迴圈直至訪問完所有頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-13" name = "__codelineno-4-13" href = "#__codelineno-4-13" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nb" > len< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > queue< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "mi" > 0< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-14" name = "__codelineno-4-14" href = "#__codelineno-4-14" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 佇列首頂點出隊< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-15" name = "__codelineno-4-15" href = "#__codelineno-4-15" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > vet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > :=< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > queue< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "mi" > 0< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-16" name = "__codelineno-4-16" href = "#__codelineno-4-16" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > queue< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > queue< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "mi" > 1< / span > < span class = "p" > :]< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-17" name = "__codelineno-4-17" href = "#__codelineno-4-17" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-18" name = "__codelineno-4-18" href = "#__codelineno-4-18" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nb" > append< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-19" name = "__codelineno-4-19" href = "#__codelineno-4-19" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-20" name = "__codelineno-4-20" href = "#__codelineno-4-20" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > _< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > :=< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > range< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > g< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > adjList< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "nx" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-21" name = "__codelineno-4-21" href = "#__codelineno-4-21" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > _< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > isExist< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > :=< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "nx" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-22" name = "__codelineno-4-22" href = "#__codelineno-4-22" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 只入列未訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-23" name = "__codelineno-4-23" href = "#__codelineno-4-23" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > !< / span > < span class = "nx" > isExist< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-24" name = "__codelineno-4-24" href = "#__codelineno-4-24" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > queue< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nb" > append< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > queue< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-25" name = "__codelineno-4-25" href = "#__codelineno-4-25" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "nx" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > struct< / span > < span class = "p" > {}{}< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-26" name = "__codelineno-4-26" href = "#__codelineno-4-26" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-27" name = "__codelineno-4-27" href = "#__codelineno-4-27" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-28" name = "__codelineno-4-28" href = "#__codelineno-4-28" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-29" name = "__codelineno-4-29" href = "#__codelineno-4-29" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 返回頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-30" name = "__codelineno-4-30" href = "#__codelineno-4-30" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-4-31" name = "__codelineno-4-31" href = "#__codelineno-4-31" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_bfs.swift< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-5-1" name = "__codelineno-5-1" href = "#__codelineno-5-1" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 廣度優先走訪 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-5-2" name = "__codelineno-5-2" href = "#__codelineno-5-2" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-5-3" name = "__codelineno-5-3" href = "#__codelineno-5-3" > < / a > < span class = "kd" > func< / span > < span class = "nf" > graphBFS< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > -> < / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-5-4" name = "__codelineno-5-4" href = "#__codelineno-5-4" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-5-5" name = "__codelineno-5-5" href = "#__codelineno-5-5" > < / a > < span class = "kd" > var< / span > < span class = "nv" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "p" > =< / span > < span class = "p" > []< / span >
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< a id = "__codelineno-5-6" name = "__codelineno-5-6" href = "#__codelineno-5-6" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 雜湊集合，用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點< / span >
2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-5-7" name = "__codelineno-5-7" href = "#__codelineno-5-7" > < / a > < span class = "kd" > var< / span > < span class = "nv" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > Set< / span > < span class = "p" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > > < / span > < span class = "p" > =< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-5-8" name = "__codelineno-5-8" href = "#__codelineno-5-8" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 佇列用於實現 BFS< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-5-9" name = "__codelineno-5-9" href = "#__codelineno-5-9" > < / a > < span class = "kd" > var< / span > < span class = "nv" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "p" > =< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-5-10" name = "__codelineno-5-10" href = "#__codelineno-5-10" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 以頂點 vet 為起點，迴圈直至訪問完所有頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-5-11" name = "__codelineno-5-11" href = "#__codelineno-5-11" > < / a > < span class = "k" > while< / span > < span class = "o" > !< / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "bp" > isEmpty< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-5-12" name = "__codelineno-5-12" href = "#__codelineno-5-12" > < / a > < span class = "kd" > let< / span > < span class = "nv" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > removeFirst< / span > < span class = "p" > ()< / span > < span class = "c1" > // 佇列首頂點出隊< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-5-13" name = "__codelineno-5-13" href = "#__codelineno-5-13" > < / a > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > append< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "c1" > // 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-5-14" name = "__codelineno-5-14" href = "#__codelineno-5-14" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-5-15" name = "__codelineno-5-15" href = "#__codelineno-5-15" > < / a > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "k" > in< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > adjList< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "p" > ??< / span > < span class = "p" > []< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-5-16" name = "__codelineno-5-16" href = "#__codelineno-5-16" > < / a > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "bp" > contains< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-5-17" name = "__codelineno-5-17" href = "#__codelineno-5-17" > < / a > < span class = "k" > continue< / span > < span class = "c1" > // 跳過已被訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-5-18" name = "__codelineno-5-18" href = "#__codelineno-5-18" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-5-19" name = "__codelineno-5-19" href = "#__codelineno-5-19" > < / a > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > append< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "c1" > // 只入列未訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-5-20" name = "__codelineno-5-20" href = "#__codelineno-5-20" > < / a > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "bp" > insert< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "c1" > // 標記該頂點已被訪問< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-5-21" name = "__codelineno-5-21" href = "#__codelineno-5-21" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-5-22" name = "__codelineno-5-22" href = "#__codelineno-5-22" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-5-23" name = "__codelineno-5-23" href = "#__codelineno-5-23" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 返回頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-5-24" name = "__codelineno-5-24" href = "#__codelineno-5-24" > < / a > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-5-25" name = "__codelineno-5-25" href = "#__codelineno-5-25" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_bfs.js< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-6-1" name = "__codelineno-6-1" href = "#__codelineno-6-1" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 廣度優先走訪 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-6-2" name = "__codelineno-6-2" href = "#__codelineno-6-2" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-6-3" name = "__codelineno-6-3" href = "#__codelineno-6-3" > < / a > < span class = "kd" > function< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > graphBFS< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-6-4" name = "__codelineno-6-4" href = "#__codelineno-6-4" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-6-5" name = "__codelineno-6-5" href = "#__codelineno-6-5" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > const< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > [];< / span >
2024-04-28 22:36:06 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-6-6" name = "__codelineno-6-6" href = "#__codelineno-6-6" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 雜湊集合，用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點< / span >
2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-6-7" name = "__codelineno-6-7" href = "#__codelineno-6-7" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > const< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "ow" > new< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nb" > Set< / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-6-8" name = "__codelineno-6-8" href = "#__codelineno-6-8" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-6-9" name = "__codelineno-6-9" href = "#__codelineno-6-9" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 佇列用於實現 BFS< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-6-10" name = "__codelineno-6-10" href = "#__codelineno-6-10" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > const< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > que< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "nx" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ];< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-6-11" name = "__codelineno-6-11" href = "#__codelineno-6-11" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 以頂點 vet 為起點，迴圈直至訪問完所有頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-6-12" name = "__codelineno-6-12" href = "#__codelineno-6-12" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > while< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > length< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-6-13" name = "__codelineno-6-13" href = "#__codelineno-6-13" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > const< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > vet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > shift< / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 佇列首頂點出隊< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-6-14" name = "__codelineno-6-14" href = "#__codelineno-6-14" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > push< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-6-15" name = "__codelineno-6-15" href = "#__codelineno-6-15" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-6-16" name = "__codelineno-6-16" href = "#__codelineno-6-16" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "kd" > const< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > of< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > adjList< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > get< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > ??< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > [])< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-6-17" name = "__codelineno-6-17" href = "#__codelineno-6-17" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > has< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-6-18" name = "__codelineno-6-18" href = "#__codelineno-6-18" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > continue< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 跳過已被訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-6-19" name = "__codelineno-6-19" href = "#__codelineno-6-19" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-6-20" name = "__codelineno-6-20" href = "#__codelineno-6-20" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > push< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 只入列未訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-6-21" name = "__codelineno-6-21" href = "#__codelineno-6-21" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 標記該頂點已被訪問< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-6-22" name = "__codelineno-6-22" href = "#__codelineno-6-22" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-6-23" name = "__codelineno-6-23" href = "#__codelineno-6-23" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-6-24" name = "__codelineno-6-24" href = "#__codelineno-6-24" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 返回頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-6-25" name = "__codelineno-6-25" href = "#__codelineno-6-25" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-6-26" name = "__codelineno-6-26" href = "#__codelineno-6-26" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_bfs.ts< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-7-1" name = "__codelineno-7-1" href = "#__codelineno-7-1" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 廣度優先走訪 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-7-2" name = "__codelineno-7-2" href = "#__codelineno-7-2" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-7-3" name = "__codelineno-7-3" href = "#__codelineno-7-3" > < / a > < span class = "kd" > function< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > graphBFS< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > graph< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kt" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > startVet< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kt" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > []< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-7-4" name = "__codelineno-7-4" href = "#__codelineno-7-4" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-7-5" name = "__codelineno-7-5" href = "#__codelineno-7-5" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > const< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kt" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > []< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > [];< / span >
2024-04-28 22:36:06 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-7-6" name = "__codelineno-7-6" href = "#__codelineno-7-6" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 雜湊集合，用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點< / span >
2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-7-7" name = "__codelineno-7-7" href = "#__codelineno-7-7" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > const< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kt" > Set< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "nx" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "ow" > new< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nb" > Set< / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-7-8" name = "__codelineno-7-8" href = "#__codelineno-7-8" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-7-9" name = "__codelineno-7-9" href = "#__codelineno-7-9" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 佇列用於實現 BFS< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-7-10" name = "__codelineno-7-10" href = "#__codelineno-7-10" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > const< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > que< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "nx" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ];< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-7-11" name = "__codelineno-7-11" href = "#__codelineno-7-11" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 以頂點 vet 為起點，迴圈直至訪問完所有頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-7-12" name = "__codelineno-7-12" href = "#__codelineno-7-12" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > while< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > length< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-7-13" name = "__codelineno-7-13" href = "#__codelineno-7-13" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > const< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > vet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > shift< / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 佇列首頂點出隊< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-7-14" name = "__codelineno-7-14" href = "#__codelineno-7-14" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > push< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-7-15" name = "__codelineno-7-15" href = "#__codelineno-7-15" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-7-16" name = "__codelineno-7-16" href = "#__codelineno-7-16" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "kd" > const< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > of< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > adjList< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > get< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > ??< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > [])< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-7-17" name = "__codelineno-7-17" href = "#__codelineno-7-17" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > has< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-7-18" name = "__codelineno-7-18" href = "#__codelineno-7-18" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > continue< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 跳過已被訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-7-19" name = "__codelineno-7-19" href = "#__codelineno-7-19" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-7-20" name = "__codelineno-7-20" href = "#__codelineno-7-20" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > push< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 只入列未訪問< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-7-21" name = "__codelineno-7-21" href = "#__codelineno-7-21" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 標記該頂點已被訪問< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-7-22" name = "__codelineno-7-22" href = "#__codelineno-7-22" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-7-23" name = "__codelineno-7-23" href = "#__codelineno-7-23" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-7-24" name = "__codelineno-7-24" href = "#__codelineno-7-24" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 返回頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-7-25" name = "__codelineno-7-25" href = "#__codelineno-7-25" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-7-26" name = "__codelineno-7-26" href = "#__codelineno-7-26" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_bfs.dart< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-8-1" name = "__codelineno-8-1" href = "#__codelineno-8-1" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 廣度優先走訪 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-8-2" name = "__codelineno-8-2" href = "#__codelineno-8-2" > < / a > < span class = "n" > List< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graphBFS< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-8-3" name = "__codelineno-8-3" href = "#__codelineno-8-3" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-8-4" name = "__codelineno-8-4" href = "#__codelineno-8-4" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-8-5" name = "__codelineno-8-5" href = "#__codelineno-8-5" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > List< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > [];< / span >
2024-04-28 22:36:06 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-8-6" name = "__codelineno-8-6" href = "#__codelineno-8-6" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 雜湊集合，用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點< / span >
2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-8-7" name = "__codelineno-8-7" href = "#__codelineno-8-7" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Set< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {};< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-8-8" name = "__codelineno-8-8" href = "#__codelineno-8-8" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-8-9" name = "__codelineno-8-9" href = "#__codelineno-8-9" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 佇列用於實現 BFS< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-8-10" name = "__codelineno-8-10" href = "#__codelineno-8-10" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Queue< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Queue< / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-8-11" name = "__codelineno-8-11" href = "#__codelineno-8-11" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-8-12" name = "__codelineno-8-12" href = "#__codelineno-8-12" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 以頂點 vet 為起點，迴圈直至訪問完所有頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-8-13" name = "__codelineno-8-13" href = "#__codelineno-8-13" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > while< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > isNotEmpty< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-8-14" name = "__codelineno-8-14" href = "#__codelineno-8-14" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > removeFirst< / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 佇列首頂點出隊< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-8-15" name = "__codelineno-8-15" href = "#__codelineno-8-15" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-8-16" name = "__codelineno-8-16" href = "#__codelineno-8-16" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-8-17" name = "__codelineno-8-17" href = "#__codelineno-8-17" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > in< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > adjList< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "o" > !< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-8-18" name = "__codelineno-8-18" href = "#__codelineno-8-18" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > contains< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-8-19" name = "__codelineno-8-19" href = "#__codelineno-8-19" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > continue< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 跳過已被訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-8-20" name = "__codelineno-8-20" href = "#__codelineno-8-20" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-8-21" name = "__codelineno-8-21" href = "#__codelineno-8-21" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 只入列未訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-8-22" name = "__codelineno-8-22" href = "#__codelineno-8-22" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 標記該頂點已被訪問< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-8-23" name = "__codelineno-8-23" href = "#__codelineno-8-23" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-8-24" name = "__codelineno-8-24" href = "#__codelineno-8-24" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-8-25" name = "__codelineno-8-25" href = "#__codelineno-8-25" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 返回頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-8-26" name = "__codelineno-8-26" href = "#__codelineno-8-26" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-8-27" name = "__codelineno-8-27" href = "#__codelineno-8-27" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_bfs.rs< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-9-1" name = "__codelineno-9-1" href = "#__codelineno-9-1" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 廣度優先走訪 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-2" name = "__codelineno-9-2" href = "#__codelineno-9-2" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-3" name = "__codelineno-9-3" href = "#__codelineno-9-3" > < / a > < span class = "k" > fn< / span > < span class = "nf" > graph_bfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > : < span class = "nc" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > start_vet< / span > : < span class = "nc" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > -> < span class = "nb" > Vec< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-4" name = "__codelineno-9-4" href = "#__codelineno-9-4" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-5" name = "__codelineno-9-5" href = "#__codelineno-9-5" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > let< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > mut< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "fm" > vec!< / span > < span class = "p" > [];< / span >
2024-04-28 22:36:06 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-9-6" name = "__codelineno-9-6" href = "#__codelineno-9-6" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 雜湊集合，用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點< / span >
2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-9-7" name = "__codelineno-9-7" href = "#__codelineno-9-7" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > let< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > mut< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > HashSet< / span > ::< span class = "n" > new< / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-8" name = "__codelineno-9-8" href = "#__codelineno-9-8" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > insert< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > start_vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-9" name = "__codelineno-9-9" href = "#__codelineno-9-9" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 佇列用於實現 BFS< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-10" name = "__codelineno-9-10" href = "#__codelineno-9-10" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > let< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > mut< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > VecDeque< / span > ::< span class = "n" > new< / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-11" name = "__codelineno-9-11" href = "#__codelineno-9-11" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > push_back< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > start_vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-12" name = "__codelineno-9-12" href = "#__codelineno-9-12" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 以頂點 vet 為起點，迴圈直至訪問完所有頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-13" name = "__codelineno-9-13" href = "#__codelineno-9-13" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > while< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > !< / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > is_empty< / span > < span class = "p" > ()< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-14" name = "__codelineno-9-14" href = "#__codelineno-9-14" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > let< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > pop_front< / span > < span class = "p" > ().< / span > < span class = "n" > unwrap< / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 佇列首頂點出隊< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-15" name = "__codelineno-9-15" href = "#__codelineno-9-15" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > push< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-16" name = "__codelineno-9-16" href = "#__codelineno-9-16" > < / a >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-17" name = "__codelineno-9-17" href = "#__codelineno-9-17" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-18" name = "__codelineno-9-18" href = "#__codelineno-9-18" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > let< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nb" > Some< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adj_vets< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > adj_list< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > get< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "o" > & < / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-19" name = "__codelineno-9-19" href = "#__codelineno-9-19" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > & < / span > < span class = "n" > adj_vet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > in< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > adj_vets< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-20" name = "__codelineno-9-20" href = "#__codelineno-9-20" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > contains< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "o" > & < / span > < span class = "n" > adj_vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-21" name = "__codelineno-9-21" href = "#__codelineno-9-21" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > continue< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 跳過已被訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-22" name = "__codelineno-9-22" href = "#__codelineno-9-22" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-23" name = "__codelineno-9-23" href = "#__codelineno-9-23" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > push_back< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adj_vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 只入列未訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-24" name = "__codelineno-9-24" href = "#__codelineno-9-24" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > insert< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adj_vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 標記該頂點已被訪問< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-25" name = "__codelineno-9-25" href = "#__codelineno-9-25" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-26" name = "__codelineno-9-26" href = "#__codelineno-9-26" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-27" name = "__codelineno-9-27" href = "#__codelineno-9-27" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-28" name = "__codelineno-9-28" href = "#__codelineno-9-28" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 返回頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-29" name = "__codelineno-9-29" href = "#__codelineno-9-29" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-9-30" name = "__codelineno-9-30" href = "#__codelineno-9-30" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_bfs.c< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-10-1" name = "__codelineno-10-1" href = "#__codelineno-10-1" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 節點佇列結構體 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-2" name = "__codelineno-10-2" href = "#__codelineno-10-2" > < / a > < span class = "k" > typedef< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > struct< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-3" name = "__codelineno-10-3" href = "#__codelineno-10-3" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > vertices< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > MAX_SIZE< / span > < span class = "p" > ];< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-4" name = "__codelineno-10-4" href = "#__codelineno-10-4" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kt" > int< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > front< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > rear< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > size< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-5" name = "__codelineno-10-5" href = "#__codelineno-10-5" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Queue< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-6" name = "__codelineno-10-6" href = "#__codelineno-10-6" > < / a >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-7" name = "__codelineno-10-7" href = "#__codelineno-10-7" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 建構子 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-8" name = "__codelineno-10-8" href = "#__codelineno-10-8" > < / a > < span class = "n" > Queue< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "nf" > newQueue< / span > < span class = "p" > ()< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-9" name = "__codelineno-10-9" href = "#__codelineno-10-9" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Queue< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > q< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > Queue< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "n" > malloc< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "k" > sizeof< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > Queue< / span > < span class = "p" > ));< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-10" name = "__codelineno-10-10" href = "#__codelineno-10-10" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > q< / span > < span class = "o" > -> < / span > < span class = "n" > front< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > q< / span > < span class = "o" > -> < / span > < span class = "n" > rear< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > q< / span > < span class = "o" > -> < / span > < span class = "n" > size< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "mi" > 0< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-11" name = "__codelineno-10-11" href = "#__codelineno-10-11" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > q< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-12" name = "__codelineno-10-12" href = "#__codelineno-10-12" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-13" name = "__codelineno-10-13" href = "#__codelineno-10-13" > < / a >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-14" name = "__codelineno-10-14" href = "#__codelineno-10-14" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 判斷佇列是否為空 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-15" name = "__codelineno-10-15" href = "#__codelineno-10-15" > < / a > < span class = "kt" > int< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nf" > isEmpty< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > Queue< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > q< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-16" name = "__codelineno-10-16" href = "#__codelineno-10-16" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > q< / span > < span class = "o" > -> < / span > < span class = "n" > size< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > ==< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "mi" > 0< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-17" name = "__codelineno-10-17" href = "#__codelineno-10-17" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-18" name = "__codelineno-10-18" href = "#__codelineno-10-18" > < / a >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-19" name = "__codelineno-10-19" href = "#__codelineno-10-19" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 入列操作 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-20" name = "__codelineno-10-20" href = "#__codelineno-10-20" > < / a > < span class = "kt" > void< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nf" > enqueue< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > Queue< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > q< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-21" name = "__codelineno-10-21" href = "#__codelineno-10-21" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > q< / span > < span class = "o" > -> < / span > < span class = "n" > vertices< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > q< / span > < span class = "o" > -> < / span > < span class = "n" > rear< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-22" name = "__codelineno-10-22" href = "#__codelineno-10-22" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > q< / span > < span class = "o" > -> < / span > < span class = "n" > rear< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > q< / span > < span class = "o" > -> < / span > < span class = "n" > rear< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > +< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "mi" > 1< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > %< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > MAX_SIZE< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-23" name = "__codelineno-10-23" href = "#__codelineno-10-23" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > q< / span > < span class = "o" > -> < / span > < span class = "n" > size< / span > < span class = "o" > ++< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-24" name = "__codelineno-10-24" href = "#__codelineno-10-24" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-25" name = "__codelineno-10-25" href = "#__codelineno-10-25" > < / a >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-26" name = "__codelineno-10-26" href = "#__codelineno-10-26" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 出列操作 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-27" name = "__codelineno-10-27" href = "#__codelineno-10-27" > < / a > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "nf" > dequeue< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > Queue< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > q< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-28" name = "__codelineno-10-28" href = "#__codelineno-10-28" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > q< / span > < span class = "o" > -> < / span > < span class = "n" > vertices< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > q< / span > < span class = "o" > -> < / span > < span class = "n" > front< / span > < span class = "p" > ];< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-29" name = "__codelineno-10-29" href = "#__codelineno-10-29" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > q< / span > < span class = "o" > -> < / span > < span class = "n" > front< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > q< / span > < span class = "o" > -> < / span > < span class = "n" > front< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > +< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "mi" > 1< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > %< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > MAX_SIZE< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-30" name = "__codelineno-10-30" href = "#__codelineno-10-30" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > q< / span > < span class = "o" > -> < / span > < span class = "n" > size< / span > < span class = "o" > --< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-31" name = "__codelineno-10-31" href = "#__codelineno-10-31" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-32" name = "__codelineno-10-32" href = "#__codelineno-10-32" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-33" name = "__codelineno-10-33" href = "#__codelineno-10-33" > < / a >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-34" name = "__codelineno-10-34" href = "#__codelineno-10-34" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 檢查頂點是否已被訪問 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-35" name = "__codelineno-10-35" href = "#__codelineno-10-35" > < / a > < span class = "kt" > int< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nf" > isVisited< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > **< / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kt" > int< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > size< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-36" name = "__codelineno-10-36" href = "#__codelineno-10-36" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 走訪查詢節點，使用 O(n) 時間< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-37" name = "__codelineno-10-37" href = "#__codelineno-10-37" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "kt" > int< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > i< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "mi" > 0< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > i< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > size< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > i< / span > < span class = "o" > ++< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-38" name = "__codelineno-10-38" href = "#__codelineno-10-38" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > i< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > ==< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-39" name = "__codelineno-10-39" href = "#__codelineno-10-39" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "mi" > 1< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-40" name = "__codelineno-10-40" href = "#__codelineno-10-40" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-41" name = "__codelineno-10-41" href = "#__codelineno-10-41" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "mi" > 0< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-42" name = "__codelineno-10-42" href = "#__codelineno-10-42" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-43" name = "__codelineno-10-43" href = "#__codelineno-10-43" > < / a >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-44" name = "__codelineno-10-44" href = "#__codelineno-10-44" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 廣度優先走訪 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-45" name = "__codelineno-10-45" href = "#__codelineno-10-45" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-46" name = "__codelineno-10-46" href = "#__codelineno-10-46" > < / a > < span class = "kt" > void< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nf" > graphBFS< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > **< / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kt" > int< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > resSize< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > **< / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kt" > int< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > visitedSize< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-47" name = "__codelineno-10-47" href = "#__codelineno-10-47" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 佇列用於實現 BFS< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-48" name = "__codelineno-10-48" href = "#__codelineno-10-48" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Queue< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > queue< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > newQueue< / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-49" name = "__codelineno-10-49" href = "#__codelineno-10-49" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > enqueue< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > queue< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-50" name = "__codelineno-10-50" href = "#__codelineno-10-50" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > [(< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > visitedSize< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "o" > ++< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-51" name = "__codelineno-10-51" href = "#__codelineno-10-51" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 以頂點 vet 為起點，迴圈直至訪問完所有頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-52" name = "__codelineno-10-52" href = "#__codelineno-10-52" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > while< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "o" > !< / span > < span class = "n" > isEmpty< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > queue< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-53" name = "__codelineno-10-53" href = "#__codelineno-10-53" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > dequeue< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > queue< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 佇列首頂點出隊< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-54" name = "__codelineno-10-54" href = "#__codelineno-10-54" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > [(< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > resSize< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "o" > ++< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-55" name = "__codelineno-10-55" href = "#__codelineno-10-55" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-56" name = "__codelineno-10-56" href = "#__codelineno-10-56" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > AdjListNode< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > node< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > findNode< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-57" name = "__codelineno-10-57" href = "#__codelineno-10-57" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > while< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > node< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > !=< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nb" > NULL< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-58" name = "__codelineno-10-58" href = "#__codelineno-10-58" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 跳過已被訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-59" name = "__codelineno-10-59" href = "#__codelineno-10-59" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "o" > !< / span > < span class = "n" > isVisited< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > visitedSize< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > node< / span > < span class = "o" > -> < / span > < span class = "n" > vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-60" name = "__codelineno-10-60" href = "#__codelineno-10-60" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > enqueue< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > queue< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > node< / span > < span class = "o" > -> < / span > < span class = "n" > vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 只入列未訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-61" name = "__codelineno-10-61" href = "#__codelineno-10-61" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > [(< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > visitedSize< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "o" > ++< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > node< / span > < span class = "o" > -> < / span > < span class = "n" > vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 標記該頂點已被訪問< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-62" name = "__codelineno-10-62" href = "#__codelineno-10-62" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-63" name = "__codelineno-10-63" href = "#__codelineno-10-63" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > node< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > node< / span > < span class = "o" > -> < / span > < span class = "n" > next< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-64" name = "__codelineno-10-64" href = "#__codelineno-10-64" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-65" name = "__codelineno-10-65" href = "#__codelineno-10-65" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-66" name = "__codelineno-10-66" href = "#__codelineno-10-66" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 釋放記憶體< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-67" name = "__codelineno-10-67" href = "#__codelineno-10-67" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > free< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > queue< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-10-68" name = "__codelineno-10-68" href = "#__codelineno-10-68" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_bfs.kt< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-11-1" name = "__codelineno-11-1" href = "#__codelineno-11-1" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 廣度優先走訪 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-11-2" name = "__codelineno-11-2" href = "#__codelineno-11-2" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
2024-04-11 01:11:27 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-11-3" name = "__codelineno-11-3" href = "#__codelineno-11-3" > < / a > < span class = "kd" > fun< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nf" > graphBFS< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ):< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > MutableList< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex?> < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-11-4" name = "__codelineno-11-4" href = "#__codelineno-11-4" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 頂點走訪序列< / span >
2024-04-11 01:11:27 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-11-5" name = "__codelineno-11-5" href = "#__codelineno-11-5" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > val< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nv" > res< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > mutableListOf< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex?> < / span > < span class = "p" > ()< / span >
2024-04-28 22:36:06 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-11-6" name = "__codelineno-11-6" href = "#__codelineno-11-6" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 雜湊集合，用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點< / span >
2024-04-11 01:11:27 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-11-7" name = "__codelineno-11-7" href = "#__codelineno-11-7" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > val< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nv" > visited< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > HashSet< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "p" > ()< / span >
2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-11-8" name = "__codelineno-11-8" href = "#__codelineno-11-8" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-11-9" name = "__codelineno-11-9" href = "#__codelineno-11-9" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 佇列用於實現 BFS< / span >
2024-04-11 01:11:27 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-11-10" name = "__codelineno-11-10" href = "#__codelineno-11-10" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > val< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nv" > que< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > LinkedList< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "p" > ()< / span >
2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-11-11" name = "__codelineno-11-11" href = "#__codelineno-11-11" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > offer< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-11-12" name = "__codelineno-11-12" href = "#__codelineno-11-12" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 以頂點 vet 為起點，迴圈直至訪問完所有頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-11-13" name = "__codelineno-11-13" href = "#__codelineno-11-13" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > while< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "o" > !< / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > isEmpty< / span > < span class = "p" > ())< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-11-14" name = "__codelineno-11-14" href = "#__codelineno-11-14" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > val< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nv" > vet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > poll< / span > < span class = "p" > ()< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 佇列首頂點出隊< / span >
2024-04-11 01:11:27 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-11-15" name = "__codelineno-11-15" href = "#__codelineno-11-15" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-11-16" name = "__codelineno-11-16" href = "#__codelineno-11-16" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-11-17" name = "__codelineno-11-17" href = "#__codelineno-11-17" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > in< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > adjList< / span > < span class = "o" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "o" > ]!!< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
2024-04-11 01:11:27 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-11-18" name = "__codelineno-11-18" href = "#__codelineno-11-18" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > contains< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-11-19" name = "__codelineno-11-19" href = "#__codelineno-11-19" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > continue< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 跳過已被訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-11-20" name = "__codelineno-11-20" href = "#__codelineno-11-20" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > offer< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 只入列未訪問的頂點< / span >
2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-11-21" name = "__codelineno-11-21" href = "#__codelineno-11-21" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 標記該頂點已被訪問< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-11-22" name = "__codelineno-11-22" href = "#__codelineno-11-22" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-11-23" name = "__codelineno-11-23" href = "#__codelineno-11-23" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-11-24" name = "__codelineno-11-24" href = "#__codelineno-11-24" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 返回頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-11-25" name = "__codelineno-11-25" href = "#__codelineno-11-25" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-11-26" name = "__codelineno-11-26" href = "#__codelineno-11-26" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
2024-04-28 22:36:06 +08:00
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_bfs.rb< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-12-1" name = "__codelineno-12-1" href = "#__codelineno-12-1" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > ### 廣度優先走訪 ###< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-12-2" name = "__codelineno-12-2" href = "#__codelineno-12-2" > < / a > < span class = "k" > def< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nf" > graph_bfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > start_vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-12-3" name = "__codelineno-12-3" href = "#__codelineno-12-3" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-12-4" name = "__codelineno-12-4" href = "#__codelineno-12-4" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # 頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-12-5" name = "__codelineno-12-5" href = "#__codelineno-12-5" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > []< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-12-6" name = "__codelineno-12-6" href = "#__codelineno-12-6" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # 雜湊集合，用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-12-7" name = "__codelineno-12-7" href = "#__codelineno-12-7" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "no" > Set< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > new< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "o" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > start_vet< / span > < span class = "o" > ]< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-12-8" name = "__codelineno-12-8" href = "#__codelineno-12-8" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # 佇列用於實現 BFS< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-12-9" name = "__codelineno-12-9" href = "#__codelineno-12-9" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > start_vet< / span > < span class = "o" > ]< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-12-10" name = "__codelineno-12-10" href = "#__codelineno-12-10" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # 以頂點 vet 為起點，迴圈直至訪問完所有頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-12-11" name = "__codelineno-12-11" href = "#__codelineno-12-11" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > while< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > length< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "mi" > 0< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-12-12" name = "__codelineno-12-12" href = "#__codelineno-12-12" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > shift< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # 佇列首頂點出隊< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-12-13" name = "__codelineno-12-13" href = "#__codelineno-12-13" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > < < < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-12-14" name = "__codelineno-12-14" href = "#__codelineno-12-14" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-12-15" name = "__codelineno-12-15" href = "#__codelineno-12-15" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > adj_vet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > in< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > adj_list< / span > < span class = "o" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "o" > ]< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-12-16" name = "__codelineno-12-16" href = "#__codelineno-12-16" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > next< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > include?< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adj_vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # 跳過已被訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-12-17" name = "__codelineno-12-17" href = "#__codelineno-12-17" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > que< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > < < < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > adj_vet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # 只入列未訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-12-18" name = "__codelineno-12-18" href = "#__codelineno-12-18" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adj_vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # 標記該頂點已被訪問< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-12-19" name = "__codelineno-12-19" href = "#__codelineno-12-19" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > end< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-12-20" name = "__codelineno-12-20" href = "#__codelineno-12-20" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > end< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-12-21" name = "__codelineno-12-21" href = "#__codelineno-12-21" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # 返回頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-12-22" name = "__codelineno-12-22" href = "#__codelineno-12-22" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-12-23" name = "__codelineno-12-23" href = "#__codelineno-12-23" > < / a > < span class = "k" > end< / span >
2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_bfs.zig< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-13-1" name = "__codelineno-13-1" href = "#__codelineno-13-1" > < / a > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > class< / span > < span class = "p" > ]{}< / span > < span class = "o" > -< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > func< / span > < span class = "p" > ]{< / span > < span class = "n" > graphBFS< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< details class = "pythontutor" >
< summary > 視覺化執行< / summary >
2024-04-11 01:11:27 +08:00
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< div style = "margin-top: 5px;" > < a href = "https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=from%20collections%20import%20deque%0A%0Aclass%20Vertex%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%E9%A0%82%E9%BB%9E%E9%A1%9E%E5%88%A5%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20def%20__init__%28self%2C%20val%3A%20int%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.val%20%3D%20val%0A%0Adef%20vals_to_vets%28vals%3A%20list%5Bint%5D%29%20-%3E%20list%5B%22Vertex%22%5D%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%E8%BC%B8%E5%85%A5%E5%80%BC%E4%B8%B2%E5%88%97%20vals%20%EF%BC%8C%E8%BF%94%E5%9B%9E%E9%A0%82%E9%BB%9E%E4%B8%B2%E5%88%97%20vets%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20return%20%5BVertex%28val%29%20for%20val%20in%20vals%5D%0A%0Aclass%20GraphAdjList%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%BC%E9%84%B0%E6%8E%A5%E8%A1%A8%E5%AF%A6%E7%8F%BE%E7%9A%84%E7%84%A1%E5%90%91%E5%9C%96%E9%A1%9E%E5%88%A5%22%22%22%0A%0A%20%20%20%20def%20__init__%28self%2C%20edges%3A%20list%5Blist%5BVertex%5D%5D%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%E5%BB%BA%E6%A7%8B%E5%AD%90%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.adj_list%20%3D%20dict%5BVertex%2C%20list%5BVertex%5D%5D%28%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20for%20edge%20in%20edges%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.add_vertex%28edge%5B0%5D%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.add_vertex%28edge%5B1%5D%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.add_edge%28edge%5B0%5D%2C%20edge%5B1%5D%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20def%20add_edge%28self%2C%20vet1%3A%20Vertex%2C%20vet2%3A%20Vertex%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%E6%96%B0%E5%A2%9E%E9%82%8A%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20if%20vet1%20not%20in%20self.adj_list%20or%20vet2%20not%20in%20self.adj_list%20or%20vet1%20%3D%3D%20vet2%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20raise%20ValueError%28%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.adj_list%5Bvet1%5D.append%28vet2%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.adj_list%5Bvet2%5D.append%28vet1%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20def%20add_vertex%28self%2C%20vet%3A%20Vertex%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%E6%96%B0%E5%A2%9E%E9%A0%82%E9%BB%9E%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20if%20vet%20in%20self.adj_list%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.adj_list%5Bvet%5D%20%3D%20%5B%5D%0A%0A%0Adef%20graph_bfs%28graph%3A%20GraphAdjList%2C%20start_vet%3A%20Vertex%29%20-%3E%20list%5BVertex%5D%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%E5%BB%A3%E5%BA%A6%E5%84%AA%E5%85%88%E8%B5%B0%E8%A8%AA%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E9%A0%82%E9%BB%9E%E8%B5%B0%E8%A8%AA%E5%BA%8F%E5%88%97%0A%20%20%20%20res%20%3D%20%5B%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E9%9B%9C%E6%B9%8A%E8%A1%A8%EF%BC%8C%E7%94%A8%E6%96%BC%E8%A8%98%E9%8C%84%E5%B7%B2%E8%A2%AB%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E9%81%8E%E7%9A%84%E9%A0%82%E9%BB%9E%0A%20%20%20%20visited%20%3D%20set%5BVertex%5D%28%5Bstart_vet%5D%29%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E4%BD%87%E5%88%97%E7%94%A8%E6%96%BC%E5%AF%A6%E7%8F%BE%20BFS%0A%20%20%20%20que%20%3D%20deque%5BVertex%5D%28%5Bstart_vet%5D%29%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E4%BB%A5%E9%A0%82%E9%BB%9E%20vet%20%E7%82%BA%E8%B5%B7%E9%BB%9E%EF%BC%8C%E8%BF%B4%E5%9C%88%E7%9B%B4%E8%87%B3%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E5%AE%8C%E6%89%80%E6%9C%89%E9%A0%82%E9%BB%9E%0A%20%20%20%20while%20len%28que%29%20%3E%200%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20vet%20%3D%20que.popleft%28%29%20%20%23%20%E4%BD%87%E5%88%97%E9%A6%96%E9%A0%82%E9%BB%9E%E5%87%BA%E9%9A%8A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20res.append%28vet%29%20%20%23%20%E8%A8%98%E9%8C%84%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E9%A0%82%E9%BB%9E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20%E8%B5%B0%E8%A8%AA%E8%A9%B2%E9%A0%82%E9%BB%9E%E7%9A%84%E6%89%80%E6%9C%89%E9%84%B0%E6%8E%A5%E9%A0%82%E9%BB%9E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20for%20adj_vet%20in%20graph.adj_list%5Bvet%5D%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20if%20adj_vet%20in%20visited%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20continue%20%20%23%20%E8%B7%B3%E9%81%8E%E5%B7%B2%E8%A2%AB%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E7%9A%84%E9%A0%82%E9%BB%9E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20que.append%28adj_vet%29%20%20%23%20%E5%8F%AA%E5%85%A5%E5%88%97%E6%9C%AA%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%E7%9A%84%E9%A0%82%E9%BB%9E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20visited.add%28adj_vet%29%20%20%23%20%E6%A8%99%E8%A8%98%E8%A9%B2%E9%A0%82%E9%BB%9E%E5%B7%B2%E8%A2%AB%E8%A8%AA%E5%95%8F%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E8%BF
2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< / details >
< p > 程式碼相對抽象，建議對照圖 9-10 來加深理解。< / p >
< div class = "tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs = "2:11" > < input checked = "checked" id = "__tabbed_2_1" name = "__tabbed_2" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_2_2" name = "__tabbed_2" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_2_3" name = "__tabbed_2" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_2_4" name = "__tabbed_2" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_2_5" name = "__tabbed_2" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_2_6" name = "__tabbed_2" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_2_7" name = "__tabbed_2" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_2_8" name = "__tabbed_2" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_2_9" name = "__tabbed_2" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_2_10" name = "__tabbed_2" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_2_11" name = "__tabbed_2" type = "radio" / > < div class = "tabbed-labels" > < label for = "__tabbed_2_1" > < 1> < / label > < label for = "__tabbed_2_2" > < 2> < / label > < label for = "__tabbed_2_3" > < 3> < / label > < label for = "__tabbed_2_4" > < 4> < / label > < label for = "__tabbed_2_5" > < 5> < / label > < label for = "__tabbed_2_6" > < 6> < / label > < label for = "__tabbed_2_7" > < 7> < / label > < label for = "__tabbed_2_8" > < 8> < / label > < label for = "__tabbed_2_9" > < 9> < / label > < label for = "__tabbed_2_10" > < 10> < / label > < label for = "__tabbed_2_11" > < 11> < / label > < / div >
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< p > < a class = "glightbox" href = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step1.png" data-type = "image" data-width = "100%" data-height = "auto" data-desc-position = "bottom" > < img alt = "圖的廣度優先走訪步驟" class = "animation-figure" src = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step1.png" / > < / a > < / p >
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< p > < a class = "glightbox" href = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step2.png" data-type = "image" data-width = "100%" data-height = "auto" data-desc-position = "bottom" > < img alt = "graph_bfs_step2" class = "animation-figure" src = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step2.png" / > < / a > < / p >
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< p > < a class = "glightbox" href = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step3.png" data-type = "image" data-width = "100%" data-height = "auto" data-desc-position = "bottom" > < img alt = "graph_bfs_step3" class = "animation-figure" src = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step3.png" / > < / a > < / p >
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< p > < a class = "glightbox" href = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step4.png" data-type = "image" data-width = "100%" data-height = "auto" data-desc-position = "bottom" > < img alt = "graph_bfs_step4" class = "animation-figure" src = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step4.png" / > < / a > < / p >
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< p > < a class = "glightbox" href = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step5.png" data-type = "image" data-width = "100%" data-height = "auto" data-desc-position = "bottom" > < img alt = "graph_bfs_step5" class = "animation-figure" src = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step5.png" / > < / a > < / p >
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< p > < a class = "glightbox" href = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step6.png" data-type = "image" data-width = "100%" data-height = "auto" data-desc-position = "bottom" > < img alt = "graph_bfs_step6" class = "animation-figure" src = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step6.png" / > < / a > < / p >
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< p > < a class = "glightbox" href = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step7.png" data-type = "image" data-width = "100%" data-height = "auto" data-desc-position = "bottom" > < img alt = "graph_bfs_step7" class = "animation-figure" src = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step7.png" / > < / a > < / p >
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< p > < a class = "glightbox" href = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step8.png" data-type = "image" data-width = "100%" data-height = "auto" data-desc-position = "bottom" > < img alt = "graph_bfs_step8" class = "animation-figure" src = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step8.png" / > < / a > < / p >
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< p > < a class = "glightbox" href = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step9.png" data-type = "image" data-width = "100%" data-height = "auto" data-desc-position = "bottom" > < img alt = "graph_bfs_step9" class = "animation-figure" src = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step9.png" / > < / a > < / p >
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< p > < a class = "glightbox" href = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step10.png" data-type = "image" data-width = "100%" data-height = "auto" data-desc-position = "bottom" > < img alt = "graph_bfs_step10" class = "animation-figure" src = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step10.png" / > < / a > < / p >
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< p > < a class = "glightbox" href = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step11.png" data-type = "image" data-width = "100%" data-height = "auto" data-desc-position = "bottom" > < img alt = "graph_bfs_step11" class = "animation-figure" src = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_bfs_step11.png" / > < / a > < / p >
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< p align = "center" > 圖 9-10 圖的廣度優先走訪步驟 < / p >
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< p class = "admonition-title" > 廣度優先走訪的序列是否唯一？< / p >
< p > 不唯一。廣度優先走訪只要求按“由近及遠”的順序走訪，< strong > 而多個相同距離的頂點的走訪順序允許被任意打亂< / strong > 。以圖 9-10 為例，頂點 < span class = "arithmatex" > \(1\)< / span > 、< span class = "arithmatex" > \(3\)< / span > 的訪問順序可以交換，頂點 < span class = "arithmatex" > \(2\)< / span > 、< span class = "arithmatex" > \(4\)< / span > 、< span class = "arithmatex" > \(6\)< / span > 的訪問順序也可以任意交換。< / p >
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< h3 id = "2" > 2. 複雜度分析< a class = "headerlink" href = "#2" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h3 >
< p > < strong > 時間複雜度< / strong > ：所有頂點都會入列並出隊一次，使用 < span class = "arithmatex" > \(O(|V|)\)< / span > 時間；在走訪鄰接頂點的過程中，由於是無向圖，因此所有邊都會被訪問 < span class = "arithmatex" > \(2\)< / span > 次，使用 < span class = "arithmatex" > \(O(2|E|)\)< / span > 時間；總體使用 < span class = "arithmatex" > \(O(|V| + |E|)\)< / span > 時間。< / p >
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< p > < strong > 空間複雜度< / strong > ：串列 < code > res< / code > ，雜湊集合 < code > visited< / code > ，佇列 < code > que< / code > 中的頂點數量最多為 < span class = "arithmatex" > \(|V|\)< / span > ，使用 < span class = "arithmatex" > \(O(|V|)\)< / span > 空間。< / p >
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< h2 id = "932" > 9.3.2 深度優先走訪< a class = "headerlink" href = "#932" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h2 >
< p > < strong > 深度優先走訪是一種優先走到底、無路可走再回頭的走訪方式< / strong > 。如圖 9-11 所示，從左上角頂點出發，訪問當前頂點的某個鄰接頂點，直到走到盡頭時返回，再繼續走到盡頭並返回，以此類推，直至所有頂點走訪完成。< / p >
< p > < a class = "glightbox" href = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs.png" data-type = "image" data-width = "100%" data-height = "auto" data-desc-position = "bottom" > < img alt = "圖的深度優先走訪" class = "animation-figure" src = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs.png" / > < / a > < / p >
< p align = "center" > 圖 9-11 圖的深度優先走訪 < / p >
< h3 id = "1_1" > 1. 演算法實現< a class = "headerlink" href = "#1_1" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h3 >
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< p > 這種“走到盡頭再返回”的演算法範式通常基於遞迴來實現。與廣度優先走訪類似，在深度優先走訪中，我們也需要藉助一個雜湊集合 < code > visited< / code > 來記錄已被訪問的頂點，以避免重複訪問頂點。< / p >
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< div class = "tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs = "3:14" > < input checked = "checked" id = "__tabbed_3_1" name = "__tabbed_3" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_3_2" name = "__tabbed_3" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_3_3" name = "__tabbed_3" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_3_4" name = "__tabbed_3" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_3_5" name = "__tabbed_3" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_3_6" name = "__tabbed_3" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_3_7" name = "__tabbed_3" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_3_8" name = "__tabbed_3" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_3_9" name = "__tabbed_3" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_3_10" name = "__tabbed_3" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_3_11" name = "__tabbed_3" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_3_12" name = "__tabbed_3" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_3_13" name = "__tabbed_3" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_3_14" name = "__tabbed_3" type = "radio" / > < div class = "tabbed-labels" > < label for = "__tabbed_3_1" > Python< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_3_2" > C++< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_3_3" > Java< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_3_4" > C#< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_3_5" > Go< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_3_6" > Swift< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_3_7" > JS< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_3_8" > TS< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_3_9" > Dart< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_3_10" > Rust< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_3_11" > C< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_3_12" > Kotlin< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_3_13" > Ruby< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_3_14" > Zig< / label > < / div >
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< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_dfs.py< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-14-1" name = "__codelineno-14-1" href = "#__codelineno-14-1" > < / a > < span class = "k" > def< / span > < span class = "nf" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "nb" > set< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ],< / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "nb" > list< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ],< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ):< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-14-2" name = "__codelineno-14-2" href = "#__codelineno-14-2" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "sd" > " " " 深度優先走訪輔助函式" " " < / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-14-3" name = "__codelineno-14-3" href = "#__codelineno-14-3" > < / a > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > append< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "c1" > # 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-14-4" name = "__codelineno-14-4" href = "#__codelineno-14-4" > < / a > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "c1" > # 標記該頂點已被訪問< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-14-5" name = "__codelineno-14-5" href = "#__codelineno-14-5" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > # 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-14-6" name = "__codelineno-14-6" href = "#__codelineno-14-6" > < / a > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "ow" > in< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > adj_list< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > ]:< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-14-7" name = "__codelineno-14-7" href = "#__codelineno-14-7" > < / a > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "ow" > in< / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-14-8" name = "__codelineno-14-8" href = "#__codelineno-14-8" > < / a > < span class = "k" > continue< / span > < span class = "c1" > # 跳過已被訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-14-9" name = "__codelineno-14-9" href = "#__codelineno-14-9" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > # 遞迴訪問鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-14-10" name = "__codelineno-14-10" href = "#__codelineno-14-10" > < / a > < span class = "n" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-14-11" name = "__codelineno-14-11" href = "#__codelineno-14-11" > < / a >
< a id = "__codelineno-14-12" name = "__codelineno-14-12" href = "#__codelineno-14-12" > < / a > < span class = "k" > def< / span > < span class = "nf" > graph_dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > start_vet< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "o" > -> < / span > < span class = "nb" > list< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ]:< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-14-13" name = "__codelineno-14-13" href = "#__codelineno-14-13" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "sd" > " " " 深度優先走訪" " " < / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-14-14" name = "__codelineno-14-14" href = "#__codelineno-14-14" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > # 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-14-15" name = "__codelineno-14-15" href = "#__codelineno-14-15" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > # 頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-14-16" name = "__codelineno-14-16" href = "#__codelineno-14-16" > < / a > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "p" > []< / span >
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< a id = "__codelineno-14-17" name = "__codelineno-14-17" href = "#__codelineno-14-17" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > # 雜湊集合，用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點< / span >
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< a id = "__codelineno-14-18" name = "__codelineno-14-18" href = "#__codelineno-14-18" > < / a > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "nb" > set< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ]()< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-14-19" name = "__codelineno-14-19" href = "#__codelineno-14-19" > < / a > < span class = "n" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > start_vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-14-20" name = "__codelineno-14-20" href = "#__codelineno-14-20" > < / a > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
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< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_dfs.cpp< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-15-1" name = "__codelineno-15-1" href = "#__codelineno-15-1" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 深度優先走訪輔助函式 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-15-2" name = "__codelineno-15-2" href = "#__codelineno-15-2" > < / a > < span class = "kt" > void< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nf" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > & < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > unordered_set< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *> < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > & < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > vector< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *> < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > & < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-15-3" name = "__codelineno-15-3" href = "#__codelineno-15-3" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > push_back< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-15-4" name = "__codelineno-15-4" href = "#__codelineno-15-4" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > emplace< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 標記該頂點已被訪問< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-15-5" name = "__codelineno-15-5" href = "#__codelineno-15-5" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-15-6" name = "__codelineno-15-6" href = "#__codelineno-15-6" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > adjList< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > ])< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-15-7" name = "__codelineno-15-7" href = "#__codelineno-15-7" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > count< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-15-8" name = "__codelineno-15-8" href = "#__codelineno-15-8" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > continue< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 跳過已被訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-15-9" name = "__codelineno-15-9" href = "#__codelineno-15-9" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 遞迴訪問鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-15-10" name = "__codelineno-15-10" href = "#__codelineno-15-10" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-15-11" name = "__codelineno-15-11" href = "#__codelineno-15-11" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-15-12" name = "__codelineno-15-12" href = "#__codelineno-15-12" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-15-13" name = "__codelineno-15-13" href = "#__codelineno-15-13" > < / a >
< a id = "__codelineno-15-14" name = "__codelineno-15-14" href = "#__codelineno-15-14" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 深度優先走訪 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-15-15" name = "__codelineno-15-15" href = "#__codelineno-15-15" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-15-16" name = "__codelineno-15-16" href = "#__codelineno-15-16" > < / a > < span class = "n" > vector< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *> < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graphDFS< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > & < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-15-17" name = "__codelineno-15-17" href = "#__codelineno-15-17" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-15-18" name = "__codelineno-15-18" href = "#__codelineno-15-18" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > vector< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *> < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
2024-04-28 22:36:06 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-15-19" name = "__codelineno-15-19" href = "#__codelineno-15-19" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 雜湊集合，用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點< / span >
2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-15-20" name = "__codelineno-15-20" href = "#__codelineno-15-20" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > unordered_set< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *> < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-15-21" name = "__codelineno-15-21" href = "#__codelineno-15-21" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-15-22" name = "__codelineno-15-22" href = "#__codelineno-15-22" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-15-23" name = "__codelineno-15-23" href = "#__codelineno-15-23" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_dfs.java< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-16-1" name = "__codelineno-16-1" href = "#__codelineno-16-1" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 深度優先走訪輔助函式 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-16-2" name = "__codelineno-16-2" href = "#__codelineno-16-2" > < / a > < span class = "kt" > void< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nf" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Set< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > List< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-16-3" name = "__codelineno-16-3" href = "#__codelineno-16-3" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-16-4" name = "__codelineno-16-4" href = "#__codelineno-16-4" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 標記該頂點已被訪問< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-16-5" name = "__codelineno-16-5" href = "#__codelineno-16-5" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-16-6" name = "__codelineno-16-6" href = "#__codelineno-16-6" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > adjList< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > get< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-16-7" name = "__codelineno-16-7" href = "#__codelineno-16-7" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > contains< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-16-8" name = "__codelineno-16-8" href = "#__codelineno-16-8" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > continue< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 跳過已被訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-16-9" name = "__codelineno-16-9" href = "#__codelineno-16-9" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 遞迴訪問鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-16-10" name = "__codelineno-16-10" href = "#__codelineno-16-10" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-16-11" name = "__codelineno-16-11" href = "#__codelineno-16-11" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-16-12" name = "__codelineno-16-12" href = "#__codelineno-16-12" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-16-13" name = "__codelineno-16-13" href = "#__codelineno-16-13" > < / a >
< a id = "__codelineno-16-14" name = "__codelineno-16-14" href = "#__codelineno-16-14" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 深度優先走訪 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-16-15" name = "__codelineno-16-15" href = "#__codelineno-16-15" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-16-16" name = "__codelineno-16-16" href = "#__codelineno-16-16" > < / a > < span class = "n" > List< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nf" > graphDFS< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-16-17" name = "__codelineno-16-17" href = "#__codelineno-16-17" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-16-18" name = "__codelineno-16-18" href = "#__codelineno-16-18" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > List< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > new< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > ArrayList< / span > < span class = "o" > < > < / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span >
2024-04-28 22:36:06 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-16-19" name = "__codelineno-16-19" href = "#__codelineno-16-19" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 雜湊集合，用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點< / span >
2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-16-20" name = "__codelineno-16-20" href = "#__codelineno-16-20" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Set< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > new< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > HashSet< / span > < span class = "o" > < > < / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-16-21" name = "__codelineno-16-21" href = "#__codelineno-16-21" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-16-22" name = "__codelineno-16-22" href = "#__codelineno-16-22" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-16-23" name = "__codelineno-16-23" href = "#__codelineno-16-23" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_dfs.cs< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-17-1" name = "__codelineno-17-1" href = "#__codelineno-17-1" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 深度優先走訪輔助函式 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-17-2" name = "__codelineno-17-2" href = "#__codelineno-17-2" > < / a > < span class = "k" > void< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nf" > DFS< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > HashSet< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > List< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-17-3" name = "__codelineno-17-3" href = "#__codelineno-17-3" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > Add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-17-4" name = "__codelineno-17-4" href = "#__codelineno-17-4" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > Add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 標記該頂點已被訪問< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-17-5" name = "__codelineno-17-5" href = "#__codelineno-17-5" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-17-6" name = "__codelineno-17-6" href = "#__codelineno-17-6" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > foreach< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > in< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > adjList< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > ])< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-17-7" name = "__codelineno-17-7" href = "#__codelineno-17-7" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > Contains< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-17-8" name = "__codelineno-17-8" href = "#__codelineno-17-8" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > continue< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 跳過已被訪問的頂點 < / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-17-9" name = "__codelineno-17-9" href = "#__codelineno-17-9" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-17-10" name = "__codelineno-17-10" href = "#__codelineno-17-10" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 遞迴訪問鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-17-11" name = "__codelineno-17-11" href = "#__codelineno-17-11" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > DFS< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-17-12" name = "__codelineno-17-12" href = "#__codelineno-17-12" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-17-13" name = "__codelineno-17-13" href = "#__codelineno-17-13" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-17-14" name = "__codelineno-17-14" href = "#__codelineno-17-14" > < / a >
< a id = "__codelineno-17-15" name = "__codelineno-17-15" href = "#__codelineno-17-15" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 深度優先走訪 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-17-16" name = "__codelineno-17-16" href = "#__codelineno-17-16" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-17-17" name = "__codelineno-17-17" href = "#__codelineno-17-17" > < / a > < span class = "n" > List< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > GraphDFS< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-17-18" name = "__codelineno-17-18" href = "#__codelineno-17-18" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-17-19" name = "__codelineno-17-19" href = "#__codelineno-17-19" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > List< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > [];< / span >
2024-04-28 22:36:06 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-17-20" name = "__codelineno-17-20" href = "#__codelineno-17-20" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 雜湊集合，用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點< / span >
2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-17-21" name = "__codelineno-17-21" href = "#__codelineno-17-21" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > HashSet< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > [];< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-17-22" name = "__codelineno-17-22" href = "#__codelineno-17-22" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > DFS< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-17-23" name = "__codelineno-17-23" href = "#__codelineno-17-23" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-17-24" name = "__codelineno-17-24" href = "#__codelineno-17-24" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_dfs.go< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-18-1" name = "__codelineno-18-1" href = "#__codelineno-18-1" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 深度優先走訪輔助函式 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-18-2" name = "__codelineno-18-2" href = "#__codelineno-18-2" > < / a > < span class = "kd" > func< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > g< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "nx" > graphAdjList< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > map< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "nx" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "kd" > struct< / span > < span class = "p" > {},< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "p" > []< / span > < span class = "nx" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > vet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-18-3" name = "__codelineno-18-3" href = "#__codelineno-18-3" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // append 操作會返回新的的引用， < / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-18-4" name = "__codelineno-18-4" href = "#__codelineno-18-4" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nb" > append< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-18-5" name = "__codelineno-18-5" href = "#__codelineno-18-5" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "nx" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > struct< / span > < span class = "p" > {}{}< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-18-6" name = "__codelineno-18-6" href = "#__codelineno-18-6" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-18-7" name = "__codelineno-18-7" href = "#__codelineno-18-7" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > _< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > :=< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > range< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > g< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > adjList< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "nx" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-18-8" name = "__codelineno-18-8" href = "#__codelineno-18-8" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > _< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > isExist< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > :=< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "nx" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-18-9" name = "__codelineno-18-9" href = "#__codelineno-18-9" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 遞迴訪問鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-18-10" name = "__codelineno-18-10" href = "#__codelineno-18-10" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > !< / span > < span class = "nx" > isExist< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-18-11" name = "__codelineno-18-11" href = "#__codelineno-18-11" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > g< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-18-12" name = "__codelineno-18-12" href = "#__codelineno-18-12" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-18-13" name = "__codelineno-18-13" href = "#__codelineno-18-13" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-18-14" name = "__codelineno-18-14" href = "#__codelineno-18-14" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-18-15" name = "__codelineno-18-15" href = "#__codelineno-18-15" > < / a >
< a id = "__codelineno-18-16" name = "__codelineno-18-16" href = "#__codelineno-18-16" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 深度優先走訪 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-18-17" name = "__codelineno-18-17" href = "#__codelineno-18-17" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-18-18" name = "__codelineno-18-18" href = "#__codelineno-18-18" > < / a > < span class = "kd" > func< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > graphDFS< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > g< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "nx" > graphAdjList< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > startVet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > []< / span > < span class = "nx" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-18-19" name = "__codelineno-18-19" href = "#__codelineno-18-19" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-18-20" name = "__codelineno-18-20" href = "#__codelineno-18-20" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > :=< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nb" > make< / span > < span class = "p" > ([]< / span > < span class = "nx" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "mi" > 0< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
2024-04-28 22:36:06 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-18-21" name = "__codelineno-18-21" href = "#__codelineno-18-21" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 雜湊集合，用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點< / span >
2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-18-22" name = "__codelineno-18-22" href = "#__codelineno-18-22" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > :=< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nb" > make< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "kd" > map< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "nx" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "kd" > struct< / span > < span class = "p" > {})< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-18-23" name = "__codelineno-18-23" href = "#__codelineno-18-23" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > g< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > & < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-18-24" name = "__codelineno-18-24" href = "#__codelineno-18-24" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 返回頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-18-25" name = "__codelineno-18-25" href = "#__codelineno-18-25" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-18-26" name = "__codelineno-18-26" href = "#__codelineno-18-26" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_dfs.swift< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-19-1" name = "__codelineno-19-1" href = "#__codelineno-19-1" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 深度優先走訪輔助函式 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-19-2" name = "__codelineno-19-2" href = "#__codelineno-19-2" > < / a > < span class = "kd" > func< / span > < span class = "nf" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "kr" > inout< / span > < span class = "n" > Set< / span > < span class = "p" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "kr" > inout< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ],< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-19-3" name = "__codelineno-19-3" href = "#__codelineno-19-3" > < / a > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > append< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "c1" > // 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-19-4" name = "__codelineno-19-4" href = "#__codelineno-19-4" > < / a > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "bp" > insert< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "c1" > // 標記該頂點已被訪問< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-19-5" name = "__codelineno-19-5" href = "#__codelineno-19-5" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-19-6" name = "__codelineno-19-6" href = "#__codelineno-19-6" > < / a > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "k" > in< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > adjList< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "p" > ??< / span > < span class = "p" > []< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-19-7" name = "__codelineno-19-7" href = "#__codelineno-19-7" > < / a > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "bp" > contains< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-19-8" name = "__codelineno-19-8" href = "#__codelineno-19-8" > < / a > < span class = "k" > continue< / span > < span class = "c1" > // 跳過已被訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-19-9" name = "__codelineno-19-9" href = "#__codelineno-19-9" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-19-10" name = "__codelineno-19-10" href = "#__codelineno-19-10" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 遞迴訪問鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-19-11" name = "__codelineno-19-11" href = "#__codelineno-19-11" > < / a > < span class = "n" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "p" > & < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "p" > & < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-19-12" name = "__codelineno-19-12" href = "#__codelineno-19-12" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-19-13" name = "__codelineno-19-13" href = "#__codelineno-19-13" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-19-14" name = "__codelineno-19-14" href = "#__codelineno-19-14" > < / a >
< a id = "__codelineno-19-15" name = "__codelineno-19-15" href = "#__codelineno-19-15" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 深度優先走訪 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-19-16" name = "__codelineno-19-16" href = "#__codelineno-19-16" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-19-17" name = "__codelineno-19-17" href = "#__codelineno-19-17" > < / a > < span class = "kd" > func< / span > < span class = "nf" > graphDFS< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "p" > -> < / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-19-18" name = "__codelineno-19-18" href = "#__codelineno-19-18" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-19-19" name = "__codelineno-19-19" href = "#__codelineno-19-19" > < / a > < span class = "kd" > var< / span > < span class = "nv" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "p" > =< / span > < span class = "p" > []< / span >
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< a id = "__codelineno-19-20" name = "__codelineno-19-20" href = "#__codelineno-19-20" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 雜湊集合，用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點< / span >
2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-19-21" name = "__codelineno-19-21" href = "#__codelineno-19-21" > < / a > < span class = "kd" > var< / span > < span class = "nv" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > Set< / span > < span class = "p" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > > < / span > < span class = "p" > =< / span > < span class = "p" > []< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-19-22" name = "__codelineno-19-22" href = "#__codelineno-19-22" > < / a > < span class = "n" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "p" > & < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "p" > & < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-19-23" name = "__codelineno-19-23" href = "#__codelineno-19-23" > < / a > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-19-24" name = "__codelineno-19-24" href = "#__codelineno-19-24" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_dfs.js< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-20-1" name = "__codelineno-20-1" href = "#__codelineno-20-1" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 深度優先走訪 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-20-2" name = "__codelineno-20-2" href = "#__codelineno-20-2" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-20-3" name = "__codelineno-20-3" href = "#__codelineno-20-3" > < / a > < span class = "kd" > function< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-20-4" name = "__codelineno-20-4" href = "#__codelineno-20-4" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > push< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-20-5" name = "__codelineno-20-5" href = "#__codelineno-20-5" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 標記該頂點已被訪問< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-20-6" name = "__codelineno-20-6" href = "#__codelineno-20-6" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-20-7" name = "__codelineno-20-7" href = "#__codelineno-20-7" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "kd" > const< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > of< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > adjList< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > get< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-20-8" name = "__codelineno-20-8" href = "#__codelineno-20-8" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > has< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-20-9" name = "__codelineno-20-9" href = "#__codelineno-20-9" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > continue< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 跳過已被訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-20-10" name = "__codelineno-20-10" href = "#__codelineno-20-10" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-20-11" name = "__codelineno-20-11" href = "#__codelineno-20-11" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 遞迴訪問鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-20-12" name = "__codelineno-20-12" href = "#__codelineno-20-12" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-20-13" name = "__codelineno-20-13" href = "#__codelineno-20-13" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-20-14" name = "__codelineno-20-14" href = "#__codelineno-20-14" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-20-15" name = "__codelineno-20-15" href = "#__codelineno-20-15" > < / a >
< a id = "__codelineno-20-16" name = "__codelineno-20-16" href = "#__codelineno-20-16" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 深度優先走訪 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-20-17" name = "__codelineno-20-17" href = "#__codelineno-20-17" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-20-18" name = "__codelineno-20-18" href = "#__codelineno-20-18" > < / a > < span class = "kd" > function< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > graphDFS< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-20-19" name = "__codelineno-20-19" href = "#__codelineno-20-19" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-20-20" name = "__codelineno-20-20" href = "#__codelineno-20-20" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > const< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > [];< / span >
2024-04-28 22:36:06 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-20-21" name = "__codelineno-20-21" href = "#__codelineno-20-21" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 雜湊集合，用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點< / span >
2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-20-22" name = "__codelineno-20-22" href = "#__codelineno-20-22" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > const< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "ow" > new< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nb" > Set< / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-20-23" name = "__codelineno-20-23" href = "#__codelineno-20-23" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-20-24" name = "__codelineno-20-24" href = "#__codelineno-20-24" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-20-25" name = "__codelineno-20-25" href = "#__codelineno-20-25" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_dfs.ts< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-21-1" name = "__codelineno-21-1" href = "#__codelineno-21-1" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 深度優先走訪輔助函式 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-2" name = "__codelineno-21-2" href = "#__codelineno-21-2" > < / a > < span class = "kd" > function< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-3" name = "__codelineno-21-3" href = "#__codelineno-21-3" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > graph< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kt" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-4" name = "__codelineno-21-4" href = "#__codelineno-21-4" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kt" > Set< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "nx" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-5" name = "__codelineno-21-5" href = "#__codelineno-21-5" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kt" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > [],< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-6" name = "__codelineno-21-6" href = "#__codelineno-21-6" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > vet< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kt" > Vertex< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-7" name = "__codelineno-21-7" href = "#__codelineno-21-7" > < / a > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "ow" > void< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-8" name = "__codelineno-21-8" href = "#__codelineno-21-8" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > push< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-9" name = "__codelineno-21-9" href = "#__codelineno-21-9" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 標記該頂點已被訪問< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-10" name = "__codelineno-21-10" href = "#__codelineno-21-10" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-11" name = "__codelineno-21-11" href = "#__codelineno-21-11" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "kd" > const< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > of< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > adjList< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > get< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-12" name = "__codelineno-21-12" href = "#__codelineno-21-12" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "nx" > has< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-13" name = "__codelineno-21-13" href = "#__codelineno-21-13" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > continue< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 跳過已被訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-14" name = "__codelineno-21-14" href = "#__codelineno-21-14" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-15" name = "__codelineno-21-15" href = "#__codelineno-21-15" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 遞迴訪問鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-16" name = "__codelineno-21-16" href = "#__codelineno-21-16" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-17" name = "__codelineno-21-17" href = "#__codelineno-21-17" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-18" name = "__codelineno-21-18" href = "#__codelineno-21-18" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-19" name = "__codelineno-21-19" href = "#__codelineno-21-19" > < / a >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-20" name = "__codelineno-21-20" href = "#__codelineno-21-20" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 深度優先走訪 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-21" name = "__codelineno-21-21" href = "#__codelineno-21-21" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-22" name = "__codelineno-21-22" href = "#__codelineno-21-22" > < / a > < span class = "kd" > function< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > graphDFS< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > graph< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kt" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > startVet< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kt" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > []< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-23" name = "__codelineno-21-23" href = "#__codelineno-21-23" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-24" name = "__codelineno-21-24" href = "#__codelineno-21-24" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > const< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kt" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > []< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > [];< / span >
2024-04-28 22:36:06 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-21-25" name = "__codelineno-21-25" href = "#__codelineno-21-25" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 雜湊集合，用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點< / span >
2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-21-26" name = "__codelineno-21-26" href = "#__codelineno-21-26" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > const< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "o" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kt" > Set< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "nx" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "ow" > new< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nb" > Set< / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-27" name = "__codelineno-21-27" href = "#__codelineno-21-27" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "nx" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-28" name = "__codelineno-21-28" href = "#__codelineno-21-28" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nx" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-21-29" name = "__codelineno-21-29" href = "#__codelineno-21-29" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_dfs.dart< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-22-1" name = "__codelineno-22-1" href = "#__codelineno-22-1" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 深度優先走訪輔助函式 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-2" name = "__codelineno-22-2" href = "#__codelineno-22-2" > < / a > < span class = "kt" > void< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-3" name = "__codelineno-22-3" href = "#__codelineno-22-3" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-4" name = "__codelineno-22-4" href = "#__codelineno-22-4" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Set< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-5" name = "__codelineno-22-5" href = "#__codelineno-22-5" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > List< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-6" name = "__codelineno-22-6" href = "#__codelineno-22-6" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-7" name = "__codelineno-22-7" href = "#__codelineno-22-7" > < / a > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-8" name = "__codelineno-22-8" href = "#__codelineno-22-8" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-9" name = "__codelineno-22-9" href = "#__codelineno-22-9" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 標記該頂點已被訪問< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-10" name = "__codelineno-22-10" href = "#__codelineno-22-10" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-11" name = "__codelineno-22-11" href = "#__codelineno-22-11" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > in< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > adjList< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "o" > !< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-12" name = "__codelineno-22-12" href = "#__codelineno-22-12" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > contains< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-13" name = "__codelineno-22-13" href = "#__codelineno-22-13" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > continue< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 跳過已被訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-14" name = "__codelineno-22-14" href = "#__codelineno-22-14" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-15" name = "__codelineno-22-15" href = "#__codelineno-22-15" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 遞迴訪問鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-16" name = "__codelineno-22-16" href = "#__codelineno-22-16" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-17" name = "__codelineno-22-17" href = "#__codelineno-22-17" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-18" name = "__codelineno-22-18" href = "#__codelineno-22-18" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-19" name = "__codelineno-22-19" href = "#__codelineno-22-19" > < / a >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-20" name = "__codelineno-22-20" href = "#__codelineno-22-20" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 深度優先走訪 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-21" name = "__codelineno-22-21" href = "#__codelineno-22-21" > < / a > < span class = "n" > List< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graphDFS< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-22" name = "__codelineno-22-22" href = "#__codelineno-22-22" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-23" name = "__codelineno-22-23" href = "#__codelineno-22-23" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > List< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > [];< / span >
2024-04-28 22:36:06 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-22-24" name = "__codelineno-22-24" href = "#__codelineno-22-24" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 雜湊集合，用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點< / span >
2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-22-25" name = "__codelineno-22-25" href = "#__codelineno-22-25" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Set< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {};< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-26" name = "__codelineno-22-26" href = "#__codelineno-22-26" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-27" name = "__codelineno-22-27" href = "#__codelineno-22-27" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-22-28" name = "__codelineno-22-28" href = "#__codelineno-22-28" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_dfs.rs< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-23-1" name = "__codelineno-23-1" href = "#__codelineno-23-1" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 深度優先走訪輔助函式 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-23-2" name = "__codelineno-23-2" href = "#__codelineno-23-2" > < / a > < span class = "k" > fn< / span > < span class = "nf" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > : < span class = "kp" > & < / span > < span class = "nc" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > : < span class = "kp" > & < / span > < span class = "nc" > mut< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > HashSet< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > : < span class = "kp" > & < / span > < span class = "nc" > mut< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nb" > Vec< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > : < span class = "nc" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-23-3" name = "__codelineno-23-3" href = "#__codelineno-23-3" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > push< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-23-4" name = "__codelineno-23-4" href = "#__codelineno-23-4" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > insert< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 標記該頂點已被訪問< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-23-5" name = "__codelineno-23-5" href = "#__codelineno-23-5" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-23-6" name = "__codelineno-23-6" href = "#__codelineno-23-6" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > let< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nb" > Some< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adj_vets< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > adj_list< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > get< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "o" > & < / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-23-7" name = "__codelineno-23-7" href = "#__codelineno-23-7" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > & < / span > < span class = "n" > adj_vet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > in< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > adj_vets< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-23-8" name = "__codelineno-23-8" href = "#__codelineno-23-8" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > contains< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "o" > & < / span > < span class = "n" > adj_vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-23-9" name = "__codelineno-23-9" href = "#__codelineno-23-9" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > continue< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 跳過已被訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-23-10" name = "__codelineno-23-10" href = "#__codelineno-23-10" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-23-11" name = "__codelineno-23-11" href = "#__codelineno-23-11" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 遞迴訪問鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-23-12" name = "__codelineno-23-12" href = "#__codelineno-23-12" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > adj_vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-23-13" name = "__codelineno-23-13" href = "#__codelineno-23-13" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-23-14" name = "__codelineno-23-14" href = "#__codelineno-23-14" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-23-15" name = "__codelineno-23-15" href = "#__codelineno-23-15" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-23-16" name = "__codelineno-23-16" href = "#__codelineno-23-16" > < / a >
< a id = "__codelineno-23-17" name = "__codelineno-23-17" href = "#__codelineno-23-17" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 深度優先走訪 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-23-18" name = "__codelineno-23-18" href = "#__codelineno-23-18" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-23-19" name = "__codelineno-23-19" href = "#__codelineno-23-19" > < / a > < span class = "k" > fn< / span > < span class = "nf" > graph_dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > : < span class = "nc" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > start_vet< / span > : < span class = "nc" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > -> < span class = "nb" > Vec< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-23-20" name = "__codelineno-23-20" href = "#__codelineno-23-20" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-23-21" name = "__codelineno-23-21" href = "#__codelineno-23-21" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > let< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > mut< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "fm" > vec!< / span > < span class = "p" > [];< / span >
2024-04-28 22:36:06 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-23-22" name = "__codelineno-23-22" href = "#__codelineno-23-22" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 雜湊集合，用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點< / span >
2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-23-23" name = "__codelineno-23-23" href = "#__codelineno-23-23" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > let< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > mut< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > HashSet< / span > ::< span class = "n" > new< / span > < span class = "p" > ();< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-23-24" name = "__codelineno-23-24" href = "#__codelineno-23-24" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "o" > & < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > & < / span > < span class = "k" > mut< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > & < / span > < span class = "k" > mut< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > start_vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-23-25" name = "__codelineno-23-25" href = "#__codelineno-23-25" > < / a >
< a id = "__codelineno-23-26" name = "__codelineno-23-26" href = "#__codelineno-23-26" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-23-27" name = "__codelineno-23-27" href = "#__codelineno-23-27" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_dfs.c< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-24-1" name = "__codelineno-24-1" href = "#__codelineno-24-1" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 檢查頂點是否已被訪問 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-2" name = "__codelineno-24-2" href = "#__codelineno-24-2" > < / a > < span class = "kt" > int< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nf" > isVisited< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > **< / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kt" > int< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > size< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-3" name = "__codelineno-24-3" href = "#__codelineno-24-3" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 走訪查詢節點，使用 O(n) 時間< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-4" name = "__codelineno-24-4" href = "#__codelineno-24-4" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "kt" > int< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > i< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "mi" > 0< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > i< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > size< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > i< / span > < span class = "o" > ++< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-5" name = "__codelineno-24-5" href = "#__codelineno-24-5" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > i< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > ==< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-6" name = "__codelineno-24-6" href = "#__codelineno-24-6" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "mi" > 1< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-7" name = "__codelineno-24-7" href = "#__codelineno-24-7" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-8" name = "__codelineno-24-8" href = "#__codelineno-24-8" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-9" name = "__codelineno-24-9" href = "#__codelineno-24-9" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "mi" > 0< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-10" name = "__codelineno-24-10" href = "#__codelineno-24-10" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-11" name = "__codelineno-24-11" href = "#__codelineno-24-11" > < / a >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-12" name = "__codelineno-24-12" href = "#__codelineno-24-12" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 深度優先走訪輔助函式 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-13" name = "__codelineno-24-13" href = "#__codelineno-24-13" > < / a > < span class = "kt" > void< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nf" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > **< / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kt" > int< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > resSize< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-14" name = "__codelineno-24-14" href = "#__codelineno-24-14" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-15" name = "__codelineno-24-15" href = "#__codelineno-24-15" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > [(< / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > resSize< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "o" > ++< / span > < span class = "p" > ]< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-16" name = "__codelineno-24-16" href = "#__codelineno-24-16" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-17" name = "__codelineno-24-17" href = "#__codelineno-24-17" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > AdjListNode< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > node< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > findNode< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-18" name = "__codelineno-24-18" href = "#__codelineno-24-18" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > while< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > node< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > !=< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nb" > NULL< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-19" name = "__codelineno-24-19" href = "#__codelineno-24-19" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 跳過已被訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-20" name = "__codelineno-24-20" href = "#__codelineno-24-20" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "o" > !< / span > < span class = "n" > isVisited< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > resSize< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > node< / span > < span class = "o" > -> < / span > < span class = "n" > vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-21" name = "__codelineno-24-21" href = "#__codelineno-24-21" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 遞迴訪問鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-22" name = "__codelineno-24-22" href = "#__codelineno-24-22" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > resSize< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > node< / span > < span class = "o" > -> < / span > < span class = "n" > vertex< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-23" name = "__codelineno-24-23" href = "#__codelineno-24-23" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-24" name = "__codelineno-24-24" href = "#__codelineno-24-24" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > node< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > node< / span > < span class = "o" > -> < / span > < span class = "n" > next< / span > < span class = "p" > ;< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-25" name = "__codelineno-24-25" href = "#__codelineno-24-25" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-26" name = "__codelineno-24-26" href = "#__codelineno-24-26" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-27" name = "__codelineno-24-27" href = "#__codelineno-24-27" > < / a >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-28" name = "__codelineno-24-28" href = "#__codelineno-24-28" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 深度優先走訪 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-29" name = "__codelineno-24-29" href = "#__codelineno-24-29" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-30" name = "__codelineno-24-30" href = "#__codelineno-24-30" > < / a > < span class = "kt" > void< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nf" > graphDFS< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > **< / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kt" > int< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > *< / span > < span class = "n" > resSize< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-31" name = "__codelineno-24-31" href = "#__codelineno-24-31" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > resSize< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > );< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-24-32" name = "__codelineno-24-32" href = "#__codelineno-24-32" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_dfs.kt< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-25-1" name = "__codelineno-25-1" href = "#__codelineno-25-1" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 深度優先走訪輔助函式 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-25-2" name = "__codelineno-25-2" href = "#__codelineno-25-2" > < / a > < span class = "kd" > fun< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nf" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-25-3" name = "__codelineno-25-3" href = "#__codelineno-25-3" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-25-4" name = "__codelineno-25-4" href = "#__codelineno-25-4" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > MutableSet< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex?> < / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-25-5" name = "__codelineno-25-5" href = "#__codelineno-25-5" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > MutableList< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex?> < / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-25-6" name = "__codelineno-25-6" href = "#__codelineno-25-6" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex?< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-25-7" name = "__codelineno-25-7" href = "#__codelineno-25-7" > < / a > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
2024-04-11 01:11:27 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-25-8" name = "__codelineno-25-8" href = "#__codelineno-25-8" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< a id = "__codelineno-25-9" name = "__codelineno-25-9" href = "#__codelineno-25-9" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 標記該頂點已被訪問< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-25-10" name = "__codelineno-25-10" href = "#__codelineno-25-10" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-25-11" name = "__codelineno-25-11" href = "#__codelineno-25-11" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > in< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > adjList< / span > < span class = "o" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "o" > ]!!< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
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< a id = "__codelineno-25-12" name = "__codelineno-25-12" href = "#__codelineno-25-12" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > .< / span > < span class = "na" > contains< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-25-13" name = "__codelineno-25-13" href = "#__codelineno-25-13" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > continue< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 跳過已被訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-25-14" name = "__codelineno-25-14" href = "#__codelineno-25-14" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 遞迴訪問鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-25-15" name = "__codelineno-25-15" href = "#__codelineno-25-15" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > adjVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-25-16" name = "__codelineno-25-16" href = "#__codelineno-25-16" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-25-17" name = "__codelineno-25-17" href = "#__codelineno-25-17" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-25-18" name = "__codelineno-25-18" href = "#__codelineno-25-18" > < / a >
< a id = "__codelineno-25-19" name = "__codelineno-25-19" href = "#__codelineno-25-19" > < / a > < span class = "cm" > /* 深度優先走訪 */< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-25-20" name = "__codelineno-25-20" href = "#__codelineno-25-20" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > // 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-25-21" name = "__codelineno-25-21" href = "#__codelineno-25-21" > < / a > < span class = "kd" > fun< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nf" > graphDFS< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > GraphAdjList< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex?)< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > MutableList< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex?> < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p" > {< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-25-22" name = "__codelineno-25-22" href = "#__codelineno-25-22" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-25-23" name = "__codelineno-25-23" href = "#__codelineno-25-23" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > val< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nv" > res< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > mutableListOf< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex?> < / span > < span class = "p" > ()< / span >
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< a id = "__codelineno-25-24" name = "__codelineno-25-24" href = "#__codelineno-25-24" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > // 雜湊集合，用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點< / span >
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< a id = "__codelineno-25-25" name = "__codelineno-25-25" href = "#__codelineno-25-25" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "kd" > val< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nv" > visited< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > HashSet< / span > < span class = "o" > < < / span > < span class = "n" > Vertex?> < / span > < span class = "p" > ()< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-25-26" name = "__codelineno-25-26" href = "#__codelineno-25-26" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > startVet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-25-27" name = "__codelineno-25-27" href = "#__codelineno-25-27" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-25-28" name = "__codelineno-25-28" href = "#__codelineno-25-28" > < / a > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
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< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
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< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_dfs.rb< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-26-1" name = "__codelineno-26-1" href = "#__codelineno-26-1" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > ### 深度優先走訪輔助函式 ###< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-26-2" name = "__codelineno-26-2" href = "#__codelineno-26-2" > < / a > < span class = "k" > def< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nf" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-26-3" name = "__codelineno-26-3" href = "#__codelineno-26-3" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > < < < / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # 記錄訪問頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-26-4" name = "__codelineno-26-4" href = "#__codelineno-26-4" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > add< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # 標記該頂點已被訪問< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-26-5" name = "__codelineno-26-5" href = "#__codelineno-26-5" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # 走訪該頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-26-6" name = "__codelineno-26-6" href = "#__codelineno-26-6" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > adj_vet< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > in< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > adj_list< / span > < span class = "o" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > vet< / span > < span class = "o" > ]< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-26-7" name = "__codelineno-26-7" href = "#__codelineno-26-7" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > next< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > include?< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > adj_vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # 跳過已被訪問的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-26-8" name = "__codelineno-26-8" href = "#__codelineno-26-8" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # 遞迴訪問鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-26-9" name = "__codelineno-26-9" href = "#__codelineno-26-9" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > adj_vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-26-10" name = "__codelineno-26-10" href = "#__codelineno-26-10" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "k" > end< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-26-11" name = "__codelineno-26-11" href = "#__codelineno-26-11" > < / a > < span class = "k" > end< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-26-12" name = "__codelineno-26-12" href = "#__codelineno-26-12" > < / a >
< a id = "__codelineno-26-13" name = "__codelineno-26-13" href = "#__codelineno-26-13" > < / a > < span class = "c1" > ### 深度優先走訪 ###< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-26-14" name = "__codelineno-26-14" href = "#__codelineno-26-14" > < / a > < span class = "k" > def< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nf" > graph_dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > start_vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-26-15" name = "__codelineno-26-15" href = "#__codelineno-26-15" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # 使用鄰接表來表示圖，以便獲取指定頂點的所有鄰接頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-26-16" name = "__codelineno-26-16" href = "#__codelineno-26-16" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # 頂點走訪序列< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-26-17" name = "__codelineno-26-17" href = "#__codelineno-26-17" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > []< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-26-18" name = "__codelineno-26-18" href = "#__codelineno-26-18" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # 雜湊集合，用於記錄已被訪問過的頂點< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-26-19" name = "__codelineno-26-19" href = "#__codelineno-26-19" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "no" > Set< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > new< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-26-20" name = "__codelineno-26-20" href = "#__codelineno-26-20" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > graph< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > visited< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > start_vet< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-26-21" name = "__codelineno-26-21" href = "#__codelineno-26-21" > < / a > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "n" > res< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-26-22" name = "__codelineno-26-22" href = "#__codelineno-26-22" > < / a > < span class = "k" > end< / span >
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< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< div class = "highlight" > < span class = "filename" > graph_dfs.zig< / span > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < a id = "__codelineno-27-1" name = "__codelineno-27-1" href = "#__codelineno-27-1" > < / a > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > class< / span > < span class = "p" > ]{}< / span > < span class = "o" > -< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > func< / span > < span class = "p" > ]{< / span > < span class = "n" > dfs< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< a id = "__codelineno-27-2" name = "__codelineno-27-2" href = "#__codelineno-27-2" > < / a >
< a id = "__codelineno-27-3" name = "__codelineno-27-3" href = "#__codelineno-27-3" > < / a > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > class< / span > < span class = "p" > ]{}< / span > < span class = "o" > -< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "n" > func< / span > < span class = "p" > ]{< / span > < span class = "n" > graphDFS< / span > < span class = "p" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< details class = "pythontutor" >
< summary > 視覺化執行< / summary >
2024-04-11 01:11:27 +08:00
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2024-04-06 03:02:26 +08:00
< / details >
< p > 深度優先走訪的演算法流程如圖 9-12 所示。< / p >
< ul >
< li > < strong > 直虛線代表向下遞推< / strong > ，表示開啟了一個新的遞迴方法來訪問新頂點。< / li >
< li > < strong > 曲虛線代表向上回溯< / strong > ，表示此遞迴方法已經返回，回溯到了開啟此方法的位置。< / li >
< / ul >
< p > 為了加深理解，建議將圖 9-12 與程式碼結合起來，在腦中模擬（或者用筆畫下來）整個 DFS 過程，包括每個遞迴方法何時開啟、何時返回。< / p >
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< p > < a class = "glightbox" href = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step11.png" data-type = "image" data-width = "100%" data-height = "auto" data-desc-position = "bottom" > < img alt = "graph_dfs_step11" class = "animation-figure" src = "../graph_traversal.assets/graph_dfs_step11.png" / > < / a > < / p >
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< / div >
< / div >
< p align = "center" > 圖 9-12 圖的深度優先走訪步驟 < / p >
< div class = "admonition question" >
< p class = "admonition-title" > 深度優先走訪的序列是否唯一？< / p >
< p > 與廣度優先走訪類似，深度優先走訪序列的順序也不是唯一的。給定某頂點，先往哪個方向探索都可以，即鄰接頂點的順序可以任意打亂，都是深度優先走訪。< / p >
< p > 以樹的走訪為例，“根 < span class = "arithmatex" > \(\rightarrow\)< / span > 左 < span class = "arithmatex" > \(\rightarrow\)< / span > 右”“左 < span class = "arithmatex" > \(\rightarrow\)< / span > 根 < span class = "arithmatex" > \(\rightarrow\)< / span > 右”“左 < span class = "arithmatex" > \(\rightarrow\)< / span > 右 < span class = "arithmatex" > \(\rightarrow\)< / span > 根”分別對應前序、中序、後序走訪，它們展示了三種走訪優先順序，然而這三者都屬於深度優先走訪。< / p >
< / div >
< h3 id = "2_1" > 2. 複雜度分析< a class = "headerlink" href = "#2_1" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h3 >
< p > < strong > 時間複雜度< / strong > ：所有頂點都會被訪問 < span class = "arithmatex" > \(1\)< / span > 次，使用 < span class = "arithmatex" > \(O(|V|)\)< / span > 時間；所有邊都會被訪問 < span class = "arithmatex" > \(2\)< / span > 次，使用 < span class = "arithmatex" > \(O(2|E|)\)< / span > 時間；總體使用 < span class = "arithmatex" > \(O(|V| + |E|)\)< / span > 時間。< / p >
2024-04-28 22:36:06 +08:00
< p > < strong > 空間複雜度< / strong > ：串列 < code > res< / code > ，雜湊集合 < code > visited< / code > 頂點數量最多為 < span class = "arithmatex" > \(|V|\)< / span > ，遞迴深度最大為 < span class = "arithmatex" > \(|V|\)< / span > ，因此使用 < span class = "arithmatex" > \(O(|V|)\)< / span > 空間。< / p >
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