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https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
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67 lines
2.1 KiB
C
67 lines
2.1 KiB
C
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/**
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* File: binary_search_edge.c
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* Created Time: 2023-09-09
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* Author: Gonglja (glj0@outlook.com)
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*/
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#include "../utils/common.h"
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/* 二分搜尋插入點(存在重複元素) */
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int binarySearchInsertion(int *nums, int numSize, int target) {
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int i = 0, j = numSize - 1; // 初始化雙閉區間 [0, n-1]
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while (i <= j) {
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int m = i + (j - i) / 2; // 計算中點索引 m
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if (nums[m] < target) {
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i = m + 1; // target 在區間 [m+1, j] 中
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} else {
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j = m - 1; // 首個小於 target 的元素在區間 [i, m-1] 中
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}
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}
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// 返回插入點 i
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return i;
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}
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/* 二分搜尋最左一個 target */
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int binarySearchLeftEdge(int *nums, int numSize, int target) {
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// 等價於查詢 target 的插入點
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int i = binarySearchInsertion(nums, numSize, target);
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// 未找到 target ,返回 -1
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if (i == numSize || nums[i] != target) {
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return -1;
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}
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// 找到 target ,返回索引 i
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return i;
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}
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/* 二分搜尋最右一個 target */
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int binarySearchRightEdge(int *nums, int numSize, int target) {
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// 轉化為查詢最左一個 target + 1
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int i = binarySearchInsertion(nums, numSize, target + 1);
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// j 指向最右一個 target ,i 指向首個大於 target 的元素
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int j = i - 1;
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// 未找到 target ,返回 -1
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if (j == -1 || nums[j] != target) {
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return -1;
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}
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// 找到 target ,返回索引 j
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return j;
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}
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/* Driver Code */
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int main() {
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// 包含重複元素的陣列
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int nums[] = {1, 3, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 10, 12, 15};
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printf("\n陣列 nums = ");
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printArray(nums, sizeof(nums) / sizeof(nums[0]));
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// 二分搜尋左邊界和右邊界
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int targets[] = {6, 7};
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for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(targets) / sizeof(targets[0]); i++) {
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int index = binarySearchLeftEdge(nums, sizeof(nums) / sizeof(nums[0]), targets[i]);
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printf("最左一個元素 %d 的索引為 %d\n", targets[i], index);
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index = binarySearchRightEdge(nums, sizeof(nums) / sizeof(nums[0]), targets[i]);
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printf("最右一個元素 %d 的索引為 %d\n", targets[i], index);
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}
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return 0;
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}
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