hello-algo/zh-hant/codes/ruby/chapter_backtracking/subset_sum_i_naive.rb

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=begin
File: subset_sum_i_naive.rb
Created Time: 2024-05-22
Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)
=end
### 回溯演算法:子集和 I ###
def backtrack(state, target, total, choices, res)
# 子集和等於 target 時,記錄解
if total == target
res << state.dup
return
end
# 走訪所有選擇
for i in 0...choices.length
# 剪枝:若子集和超過 target ,則跳過該選擇
next if total + choices[i] > target
# 嘗試:做出選擇,更新元素和 total
state << choices[i]
# 進行下一輪選擇
backtrack(state, target, total + choices[i], choices, res)
# 回退:撤銷選擇,恢復到之前的狀態
state.pop
end
end
### 求解子集和 I包含重複子集###
def subset_sum_i_naive(nums, target)
state = [] # 狀態(子集)
total = 0 # 子集和
res = [] # 結果串列(子集串列)
backtrack(state, target, total, nums, res)
res
end
### Driver Code ###
if __FILE__ == $0
nums = [3, 4, 5]
target = 9
res = subset_sum_i_naive(nums, target)
puts "輸入陣列 nums = #{nums}, target = #{target}"
puts "所有和等於 #{target} 的子集 res = #{res}"
puts "請注意,該方法輸出的結果包含重複集合"
end