mirror of
https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
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151 lines
4.1 KiB
C++
151 lines
4.1 KiB
C++
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/**
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* File: hash_map_chaining.cpp
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* Created Time: 2023-06-13
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* Author: krahets (krahets@163.com)
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*/
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#include "./array_hash_map.cpp"
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/* 鏈式位址雜湊表 */
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class HashMapChaining {
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private:
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int size; // 鍵值對數量
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int capacity; // 雜湊表容量
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double loadThres; // 觸發擴容的負載因子閾值
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int extendRatio; // 擴容倍數
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vector<vector<Pair *>> buckets; // 桶陣列
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public:
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/* 建構子 */
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HashMapChaining() : size(0), capacity(4), loadThres(2.0 / 3.0), extendRatio(2) {
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buckets.resize(capacity);
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}
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/* 析構方法 */
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~HashMapChaining() {
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for (auto &bucket : buckets) {
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for (Pair *pair : bucket) {
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// 釋放記憶體
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delete pair;
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}
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}
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}
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/* 雜湊函式 */
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int hashFunc(int key) {
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return key % capacity;
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}
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/* 負載因子 */
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double loadFactor() {
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return (double)size / (double)capacity;
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}
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/* 查詢操作 */
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string get(int key) {
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int index = hashFunc(key);
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// 走訪桶,若找到 key ,則返回對應 val
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for (Pair *pair : buckets[index]) {
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if (pair->key == key) {
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return pair->val;
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}
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}
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// 若未找到 key ,則返回空字串
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return "";
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}
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/* 新增操作 */
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void put(int key, string val) {
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// 當負載因子超過閾值時,執行擴容
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if (loadFactor() > loadThres) {
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extend();
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}
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int index = hashFunc(key);
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// 走訪桶,若遇到指定 key ,則更新對應 val 並返回
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for (Pair *pair : buckets[index]) {
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if (pair->key == key) {
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pair->val = val;
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return;
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}
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}
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// 若無該 key ,則將鍵值對新增至尾部
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buckets[index].push_back(new Pair(key, val));
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size++;
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}
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/* 刪除操作 */
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void remove(int key) {
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int index = hashFunc(key);
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auto &bucket = buckets[index];
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// 走訪桶,從中刪除鍵值對
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for (int i = 0; i < bucket.size(); i++) {
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if (bucket[i]->key == key) {
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Pair *tmp = bucket[i];
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bucket.erase(bucket.begin() + i); // 從中刪除鍵值對
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delete tmp; // 釋放記憶體
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size--;
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return;
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}
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}
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}
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/* 擴容雜湊表 */
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void extend() {
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// 暫存原雜湊表
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vector<vector<Pair *>> bucketsTmp = buckets;
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// 初始化擴容後的新雜湊表
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capacity *= extendRatio;
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buckets.clear();
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buckets.resize(capacity);
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size = 0;
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// 將鍵值對從原雜湊表搬運至新雜湊表
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for (auto &bucket : bucketsTmp) {
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for (Pair *pair : bucket) {
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put(pair->key, pair->val);
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// 釋放記憶體
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delete pair;
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}
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}
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}
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/* 列印雜湊表 */
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void print() {
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for (auto &bucket : buckets) {
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cout << "[";
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for (Pair *pair : bucket) {
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cout << pair->key << " -> " << pair->val << ", ";
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}
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cout << "]\n";
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}
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}
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};
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/* Driver Code */
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int main() {
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/* 初始化雜湊表 */
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HashMapChaining map = HashMapChaining();
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/* 新增操作 */
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// 在雜湊表中新增鍵值對 (key, value)
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map.put(12836, "小哈");
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map.put(15937, "小囉");
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map.put(16750, "小算");
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map.put(13276, "小法");
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map.put(10583, "小鴨");
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cout << "\n新增完成後,雜湊表為\nKey -> Value" << endl;
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map.print();
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/* 查詢操作 */
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// 向雜湊表中輸入鍵 key ,得到值 value
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string name = map.get(13276);
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cout << "\n輸入學號 13276 ,查詢到姓名 " << name << endl;
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/* 刪除操作 */
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// 在雜湊表中刪除鍵值對 (key, value)
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map.remove(12836);
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cout << "\n刪除 12836 後,雜湊表為\nKey -> Value" << endl;
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map.print();
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return 0;
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}
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