hello-algo/codes/javascript/chapter_backtracking/preorder_traversal_iii_template.js

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/**
* File: preorder_traversal_iii_template.js
* Created Time: 2023-05-09
* Author: Justin (xiefahit@gmail.com)
*/
const { arrToTree } = require('../modules/TreeNode');
const { printTree } = require('../modules/PrintUtil');
/* 判断当前状态是否为解 */
function isSolution(state) {
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return state && state[state.length - 1]?.val === 7;
}
/* 记录解 */
function recordSolution(state, res) {
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res.push([...state]);
}
/* 判断在当前状态下,该选择是否合法 */
function isValid(state, choice) {
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return choice !== null && choice.val !== 3;
}
/* 更新状态 */
function makeChoice(state, choice) {
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state.push(choice);
}
/* 恢复状态 */
function undoChoice(state) {
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state.pop();
}
/* 回溯算法:例题三 */
function backtrack(state, choices, res) {
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// 检查是否为解
if (isSolution(state)) {
// 记录解
recordSolution(state, res);
}
// 遍历所有选择
for (const choice of choices) {
// 剪枝:检查选择是否合法
if (isValid(state, choice)) {
// 尝试:做出选择,更新状态
makeChoice(state, choice);
// 进行下一轮选择
backtrack(state, [choice.left, choice.right], res);
// 回退:撤销选择,恢复到之前的状态
undoChoice(state);
}
}
}
// Driver Code
const root = arrToTree([1, 7, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]);
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console.log('\n初始化二叉树');
printTree(root);
// 回溯算法
const res = [];
backtrack([], [root], res);
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console.log('\n输出所有根节点到节点 7 的路径,要求路径中不包含值为 3 的节点');
res.forEach((path) => {
console.log(path.map((node) => node.val));
});